Ngā Momo Tukanga Pokanga Waha
Ko te pokanga waha he peka o te mahi niho e aro ana ki ngā mahi pokanga i roto i te waha, te kauae, te mata, me ngā kiko tautoko. Ka mahia ngā mahi pokanga waha hei whakatika i ngā momo take, mai i ngā mahi ngāwari pēnei i te tango niho ki ngā mahi uaua ake pēnei i te pokanga kauae. Ko ēnei mahi ka mahia e ngā tākuta niho whānui he tohu motuhake, e ngā tākuta niho rānei e tohunga ana ki te pokanga waha me te pokanga kanohi , i runga i te uaua o te take. Ko ngā momo mahi pokanga waha e whai ake nei e tino kitea ana, me ō rātou whāinga me te tirohanga whānui o ā rātou mahi.
1. Te tango niho māmā
Ko te tangohanga māmā ko te tango i tētahi niho e kitea mārama ana i roto i te waha, ā, ka taea te tango atu me te kore he pokanga nui. He rerekē ngā tohu, tae atu ki ngā niho kua tino pakaru nā te pirau niho, ngā niho wetekina nā te mate kapia (periodontitis), ngā niho rānei kāore e taea te whakatika nā te whati. Ka mahia te tikanga i raro i te mate whakamoe ā-rohe hei whakangāwari i te mamae. Ka wetekina e te taote niho te niho mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu motuhake, kātahi ka tangohia mārire. I muri i te tangohanga o te niho, ka tonoa te tūroro kia ngau i tētahi papa miro hei āwhina i te toto kia totoka, kia ārai hoki i te toto.
2. Te tango niho uaua (te tango niho)
He rerekē tēnei i te tangohanga ngāwari, ka mahia te tangohanga uaua, te tangohanga niho rānei, ina uaua te tango i te niho nā tōna tūranga, te āhua o te pakiaka, te ārai rānei e te kapia me te wheua. Ko te tauira tino kitea ko te tango i ngā niho whakaaro nui kua pakaru (ngā niho molar tuatoru). I roto i tēnei tikanga, ka tapahia pea e te tākuta niho ngā kapia, ka tangohia he wheua iti e kapi ana i te niho, kātahi ka tangohia te niho kia ora, ka tapatapahia rānei kia māmā ake te tango. Kātahi ka horoia te wāhi pokanga, ka tuia. Me whakamahere tupato te tangohanga niho, mā te whakamahi i te hihi-X panoramic, CBCT rānei hei aromatawai i te tata o te pakiaka niho ki te io me ngā hanganga e karapoti ana.
3. Pokanga niho whakaaro nui kua pāngia
He maha ngā wā ka piko ngā niho whakaaro nui, ka mau ki roto i te wheua, ka puta noa rānei, ka ngawari te mamae, te mate (pericoronitis), te pokanga i ngā niho tata, tae atu ki te hanganga o te whēkau. He tikanga noa te pokanga niho whakaaro nui i roto i te pokanga waha. Ehara i te mea ko te whakamamae i te mamae anake te whāinga engari ko te ārai hoki i ngā raruraru roa pērā i te pirau o ngā niho tuarua me te mate kapia e hoki mai ana. I muri i te pokanga, ka pāngia ngā tūroro e te pupuhi ngawari ki te pakupaku, ka taea te whakaiti mā te whakamahi i ngā kōpeke makariri, ngā rongoā whakamamae, me te okiokinga tika.
4. Apicotomy me te pokanga endodontic
He pokanga te apikotomi hei rongoā i te mate, i te mumura rānei i te pito o te pūtake niho kāore anō kia pai ake ahakoa te maimoatanga o te awa pakiaka . I tēnei tikanga, ka tapahia e te tākuta he kapia iti i te pito o te pūtake, kātahi ka tangohia te kiko kua pangia, ka tapahia he wāhanga iti o te pito o te pūtake. Muri iho, ka hiritia te pito o te pūtake ki tētahi mea whakakī motuhake hei ārai i te turuturu huakita. Ka taea e te apikotomi te whakaora i tētahi niho kua tangohia kētia, inā koa mēnā kei te ora tonu te hanganga o te niho kia tiakina.
5. Te tapahi me te tango i te wai o te whēwhe (I&D)
Ka taea e te mate niho, te kapia rānei te whanake hei whēwhe, he kohinga whēwhe e puta ai te mamae, te pupuhi, me te kirika i ētahi wā. Mēnā kāore te whēwhe e pai ki te rongoā anake, ka whakahaerehia pea e tō tākuta he tikanga tapahi me te tango wai. Ko te whāinga o tēnei tikanga he tango i te whēwhe hei whakamama i te pēhanga me te tere ake o te whakaora. I te nuinga o te wā ka mahia te tikanga i raro i te mate whakamoe ā-rohe. Kia tangohia te whēwhe, ka horoia te wāhi, ā, ka whakatakotoria he waikeri rangitahi. He maha ngā wā ka honoa te I&D me te rongoā paturopi me te maimoatanga i te take matua, pērā i te maimoatanga pakiaka, te tango niho rānei.
6. Pokanga niho (pokanga kapia)
Ka mahia te pokanga niho hei rongoā i te mate kapia kua horapa, hei whakapai ake i te āhua o te kiko kapia, hei tautoko rānei i te angitu o te maimoatanga niho. Hei tauira, ko te pokanga kiri hei tango i te tartar me te kiko mumura i raro i te kapia, te tango i te gingivectomy hei tango i te kiko kapia taikaha, me ngā tikanga whakaora hei whakatairanga i te tipu anō o te wheua tautoko. Mēnā ka hoki whakamuri te kapia (kapia e hoki whakamuri ana), ka taea e ngā tākuta niho te mahi i ngā tākai kapia hei uhi anō i ngā pakiaka niho kua kitea. He mea nui te pokanga niho nā te mea he nui te pānga o te hauora o te kapia ki te pumau o ngā niho mō te wā roa.
7. Te whakanoho i te whakatō niho
Ko te whakatō niho he pakiaka niho horihori i hangaia ki te titanium, ki te zirconia rānei, ka whakatōngia ki roto i te kauae hei whakakapi i te niho ngaro. E kiia ana tēnei tikanga he pokanga waha, nā te mea ko te hanga i tētahi kōhao ki roto i te wheua me te whakauru i tētahi tīwiri whakatō. I muri i te hononga o te whakatō ki te wheua (osseointegration), ka whakatōngia he karauna, hei whakahoki i te mahi ngaungau me te āhua rite ki te niho tūturu. Ehara i te mea he pai tonu te whakauru i ngā whakatō ki ngā tūroro katoa—me whai whakaaro ki te matotoru o te wheua, te hauora o ngā kapia, ngā tikanga momi hikareti, me ngā āhuatanga hauora pēnei i te mate huka. Ko ngā painga o ngā whakatō ko tōna pakari me te kore e hiahiatia te huri i ngā niho tata, pērā i ngā piriti.
8. Te whakanui i te wheua me te hiki i te sinus
Mō ētahi tūroro, kāore te kauae i te matotoru, i te teitei rānei hei tautoko i te whakatō wheua. I tēnei āhuatanga, ka taea e te tākuta te mahi whakanui wheua (tāpiri wheua) hei whakanui ake i te rahi o te wheua. Ka taea te tango i te rauemi tāpiri mai i te wheua o te tūroro, i te wheua kaituku, i te wheua kararehe, i te rauemi hangai haumaru rānei. Mō te wāhanga o muri o te kauae o runga, he maha ngā wā e hiahiatia ana he tikanga hiki sinus, arā, ko te whakaara ake i te papa o te sinus maxillary me te tāpiri tāpiri hei hanga i te wāhi wheua e tika ana. Ahakoa he uaua te ahua, ka tino whakapai ake tēnei tikanga i te angitu o te whakatakotoranga tāpiri i roto i ngā take e angiangi ana te wheua.
9. Te tango i ngā kiore me ngā pukupuku pai o te waha
Ka taea e ngā kiore odontogenika (pērā i ngā kiore dentigerous) te hanga huri noa i ngā niho kāore anō kia tino puta, nā te kiko hanga niho rānei i puritia. Hei tāpiri, ka taea hoki te whakawhanake i ētahi pukupuku pai, pērā i ngā odontoma. Ka mahia ngā tikanga pokanga hei tango i ēnei whara me te ārai i te kino o te wheua, te neke o te niho, te mate urutā rānei. I te nuinga o te wā ka tukuna e te tākuta te kiko kua tangohia kia tirotirohia e te tākuta hei whakaū i te mate. He mea nui te maimoatanga tere nā te mea ka taea e ētahi whara te tipu āta haere me te kore he tohu tae noa ki te rahi nui.
10. Pokanga whakatikatika kauae (pokanga orthognathic)
Ko te pokanga orthognathic he pokanga hei whakatika i ngā taurite kore o te kauae, pērā i te kauae o runga e tino pū ana, te kauae o raro e takoto kau ana, te ngau rerekē (te koretake o te hononga o te kanohi), te kore ōrite rānei o te kanohi. Ko te tikanga, ka mahia tēnei tikanga mā te mahi tahi me te taote niho me te taote pokanga waha. Ehara i te mea ka whakapai ake te pokanga orthognathic i te ataahua o te kanohi engari ka whakapai ake hoki i te ngaungau, te kōrero, tae atu ki te mahi manawa i ētahi wā. Ka mahia te whakamahere mā te whakamahi i ngā hihi-X, ngā matawai 3D, me ngā whakatauira nekehanga kauae. Ka roa pea te whakaora i roto i ētahi wiki ki ētahi marama i runga i te uaua o te pokanga.
11. Te rongoā i ngā whati o te kauae me te whara o te mata
Ka taea e ngā whara mai i ngā aituā, i ngā pānga rānei te pakaru o te kauae o runga, o raro rānei. Kei roto i te maimoatanga ko te neke i te tūnga o te wheua, te whakanoho i te pereti me te tīwiri (te whakatikatika ā-roto whakatuwhera), te whakatikatika kauae rangitahi rānei hei āwhina i te whakaora. Ko te whāinga matua o te maimoatanga whati ko te whakahoki i te tūnga o te wheua, te mahi ngau, me te āhua o te mata. He mea nui te maimoatanga tere hei ārai i ngā raruraru pēnei i te pakaru o te ngau tuturu, te mate rānei i te wāhi whati.
12. Ngā mahi tātaritanga koiora me te pokanga
Ehara i te mea ko ngā tikanga pokanga ā-waha katoa he "rongoā" tika i te tūroro; ko ētahi ka mahia hei whakaū i te mate, pērā i te koiora o tētahi puku, o tētahi patunga kāore i te ora, o tētahi kiko ā-waha kua rerekē te tae. Ka uru pea ki te koiora te tango i tētahi wāhanga iti o te kiko (tapa) te tango rānei i te whara katoa (whakakore). Mā ngā whakamātautau taiwhanga ka taea te whakatau mēnā he mumura, he pai, he kino pea te whara. He mea nui te kitenga wawe, inā koa i ngā take e whakapaetia ana ka arahi ki te mate pukupuku ā-waha.
Te Katinga
He rerekē ngā momo pokanga ā-waha, mai i te tango niho ki ngā pokanga kauae uaua. He whāinga motuhake tō ia pokanga: te whakakore i te pūtake o te mate, te whakapai ake i te mahi ngaungau, te pupuri i te hauora o ngā kiko tautoko, me te whakapai ake i te ataahua me te kounga o te oranga. Mena ka pāngia koe e ngā tohu pēnei i te mamae nui, te pupuhi, ngā niho whakaaro nui e raru ana, ngā niho ngaro e hiahia ana kia whakakapia, ngā mate waha tonu rānei, me toro atu ki te taote niho mō tētahi aromatawai. Mā te tātaritanga tika me te maimoatanga kua whakaritea, ka taea te mahi haumaru i te pokanga ā-waha, ā, ka puta he hua tino pai.
