Ngā Momo Kāhua Hanga Whare o te Ao
Ko te hoahoanga tētahi o ngā āhuatanga tino hira o te ahurea tangata, e whakaata ana i te tuakiri, ngā uara, me te whanaketanga hangarau o te hapori. Mai i ngā wā onamata ki te ao hou, kua whanake ngā momo momo hoahoanga, ā, kua waiho he tohu pumau ki te hītori. Ka tūhuratia e tēnei tuhinga ētahi o ngā momo hoahoanga rongonui o te ao, mai i te mea tino tawhito ki te mea tino hou.
1. Hoahoa Tawhito
Ko te hoahoanga tawhito e pā ana ki ngā momo hanga whare i ahu mai i ngā iwi Kariki me Rōmana onamata. Ko ngā āhuatanga matua e rua o te hoahoanga tawhito ko te whakamahinga o ngā pou nui me te ōritetanga pakari.
Kariki Tawhito
E mōhiotia ana te hoahoanga Kariki mō ōna momo pou matua e toru: Doric, Ionic, me Corinthian. Ko ngā pou Doric ngā mea māmā rawa atu, ā, ko ngā pou Ionic he angiangi ake me ngā whakapaipai porowhita, ā, e mōhiotia ana ngā pou Corinthian mō ō rātou āhuatanga whakapaipai tino pai. Ko tētahi tauira rongonui ko te Parthenon i Ātene.
Rōma Tawhito
He maha ngā āhuatanga i tangohia e te hoahoanga o Rōmana mai i ngā Kariki, ā, i tāpirihia ngā mahi auaha pēnei i ngā āwhata, ngā tuanui, me te raima. Ko ngā whare pēnei i te Colosseum me te Pantheon i Rōma he tauira o ngā mahi toi rangatira o Rōma.
2. Hoahoa Whare o te Waenganui
Ko te wā o te Waenganui, e mōhiotia ana ko te Waenganui, he maha ngā momo hoahoanga nui pērā i te Romanesque, Gothic, me te Byzantine.
Romanesque
Ko ngā āhuatanga o te āhua Romanesque he pakitara matotoru, he matapihi iti, me ngā āwhata porowhita. Ko ngā whare karakia me ngā whare karakia nui pērā i a St. Sernin i Toulouse he tauira o ngā hoahoanga Romanesque.
Kotika
I puta mai te hoahoanga Gothic i te mutunga o te Waenganui o ngā Tau, ā, e mōhiotia ana mō ōna hoahoa poutū me ōna hanganga whakahirahira. Ko ngā āhuatanga matua ko te whakamahinga o ngā matapihi nui me ngā matapihi karaihe, ngā āwhata koi, me ngā poupou rere. Ko te Whare Karakia o Notre-Dame i Parī tētahi o ngā tauira pai rawa atu o te momo Gothic.
3. Hoahoa Whare o te Renaissance
I puta mai te hoahoanga o te wā Renaissance i Itari i te rautau 15, ā, i horapa puta noa i Ūropi. I tohu tēnei i te hokinga mai o te hiahia ki ngā toi me te pūtaiao Kariki me Rōmana tawhito. Ko ngā āhuatanga matua ko te ōritetanga, ngā ōwehenga taurite, me te whakamahinga o ngā pou tawhito. Ko ngā tauira rongonui o ngā whare Renaissance ko te Whare Karakia o Hato Pita i te Vatican me te Whare Karakia o Florence o Brunelleschi.
4. Hoahoa Baroque
I tupu te Baroque i te rautau 17 me te tīmatanga o te rautau 18, ā, e mōhiotia ana mō āna taonga whakaari, ōna whakapaipai whai kiko, me te whakamahinga matatini o ngā taipitopito. He maha ngā wā ka whakauruhia e ngā whare Baroque ngā āhuatanga hihiri me ngā āhuatanga nekeneke. Ko ngā tauira rongonui ko te Whare Ariki o Versailles i Parani me te Whare Karakia o Hato Paora i Rānana.
5. Hoahoa Rococo
He whai tonu te hoahoanga Rococo i te momo Baroque, engari he māmā ake, he whakapaipai ake. E aro ana ki ngā taipitopito whakapaipai, ki ngā tae pastel, me ngā taonga papai. Ko te Whare Ariki o Sanssouci i Potsdam, Tiamana, he tauira whakamiharo o tēnei momo.
6. Hoahoa Neoclassical
I puta ake te hoahoanga neoclassical i te mutunga o te rautau 18, ā, i whakaoho anō i te hiahia ki te māmā me te tino pai o te āhua Kariki me te Rōmana. Ko ōna āhuatanga matua ko ngā pou nui, te ōritetanga tino pakari, me te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi tawhito pērā i te māpere. Ko ngā tauira o ngā whare neoclassical ko te Whare Capitol i te United States me te Bank of England i Ingarangi.
7. Te Hanga Whare Hou
I puta mai ngā hoahoanga hou i te tīmatanga o te rautau 20, i raro i te awe o ngā nekehanga ahumahi me ngā nekehanga auaha. I whakanuia e te ao hou te mahi, ngā āhua māmā, me te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi hou pērā i te raima, te maitai, me te karāhe.
Bauhaus
Ko te Bauhaus tētahi o ngā kaupapa tino nui o te hoahoanga hou, i ahu mai i Tiamana. Nā Walter Gropius i whakatū, i whakanui te Bauhaus i te kotahitanga o te toi me te hangarau, me ngā hoahoa māmā engari whai hua.
Te whakakore i te hanganga
Ko te wetehangahanga he momo hoahoa whare e whakahē ana i ngā ariā o te ōritetanga me te pumau. He maha ngā wā ka puta he āhua koretake, he kore ōritetanga hoki ngā whare wetehangahanga. Ko ngā tauira rongonui o tēnei momo ko Frank Gehry, nāna i hoahoa te Whare Taonga o Guggenheim i Bilbao me te Whare Kōnohete o Walt Disney i Los Angeles.
8. Hanganga Hou
I puta ake te hoahoanga muri-hou hei tauhohenga ki te hoahoanga hou, he mea i whakaarohia he tino taumaha rawa, he mahi nui rawa hoki. He maha ngā wā ka whakaatuhia e te muri-hou ngā āhuatanga rerekē, ngā whakapaipai kanapa, me te ranunga o ngā momo kāhua. Ko te Whare AT&T i New York, i hangaia e Philip Johnson, he tauira rongonui.
9. Hoahoa Whare Hou
Ko te hoahoanga o nāianei e kapi ana i ngā momo kāhua kua whanake i ngā tekau tau tata nei, e tohuhia ana e te auahatanga hangarau me te oranga tonutanga taiao. Ko ētahi o ngā āhuatanga matua ko te hoahoa hoa-taiao , te hangarau matatau, me te whakamahinga o ngā rauemi oranga tonutanga.
Kakariki, ā, Tauwhiro
Ko ngā whare matomato e whakatairanga ana i te hoahoa taiao, mā te whakamahi i te pūngao hou me ngā rauemi hanga whare pumau. Ko tētahi tauira ko te Hearst Tower i New York, koia te whare teitei tuatahi o te ao i whiwhi i te tiwhikete LEED Gold.
Tawhā
Ka whakamahia e te hoahoanga tawhā te pūmanawa rorohiko hei waihanga i ngā āhua uaua, hihiri hoki e uaua ana ki te whakatutuki mā ngā tikanga tuku iho. Ko ētahi tauira rongonui o tēnei momo ko Zaha Hadid, nāna i hoahoa te Piriti o Sheikh Zayed i Abu Dhabi me te Whare Opera o Guangzhou i Haina.
Whakamutunga
Mai i ngā pou whakahīhī o te hoahoanga Kariki Tawhito ki ngā hoahoa matomato auaha o te hoahoanga o nāianei, e whakaata ana ia momo hoahoanga i te ahurea me te hangarau o tōna wā. He āhuatanga ahurei, he takoha nui hoki tō ia momo ki te huarahi e mārama ai tātou ki te wāhi me te āhua. Mā te tirotiro me te ako i ēnei momo momo hoahoanga, ka hohonu ake ō tātou māramatanga ki ngā whanaketanga hītori , pāpori, me te hangarau kua awe i te oranga o te tangata huri noa i te ao.
Ehara i te mea ko ngā whare anake te kaupapa o te hoahoanga, engari ko ngā kōrero me te whanaketanga o te ao tangata anō hoki. He maha ngā paparanga o ia wā, o ia momo hoahoanga e hanga ana i te whenua e pārekareka ana ki a tātou i ēnei rā.
