Te Ako i ngā Tohu i roto i ngā Kawa me ngā Tikanga Tuku Iho
I roto i ngā ahurea katoa o te ao, he mea nui ngā kawa me ngā tikanga tuku iho hei whakaaturanga o te taonga tuku iho a ngā tūpuna, i tukuna iho i ia whakatipuranga ki ia whakatipuranga. I roto i ēnei mahi, he mea nui te tohu hei āwhina i te whakawhitiwhiti i ngā uara, ngā whakapono, me te tuakiri ahurea o te hapori. Ko te ako i ngā tohu i roto i ngā kawa me ngā tikanga tuku iho e kore e aro noa ki te mārama ki te tikanga o te whakamahinga o ngā tohu rerekē, engari e tūhuratia ana hoki te awe o ēnei tohu i ngā taunekeneke pāpori me te haere tonu o te ahurea.
Te Mārama ki te Tohu me tōna Tūranga i roto i ngā Tikanga
Ko te tohu e pā ana ki te whakamahinga o ngā tohu hei whakaatu i ngā tikanga hohonu atu i te mea e puta ana i te mata. Ko ngā tohu he taonga, he tohu, he tae, he oro, he mahi rānei e tohu ana i ngā whakaaro, i ngā whakapono, i ngā karere rānei. I roto i te horopaki o ngā kawa me ngā hui tuku iho, ko te tohu he reo whakawhitiwhiti kōrero i waenga i te ao tūturu me te ao wairua, tapu rānei.
He whānui, he mea nui hoki te tūranga o ngā tohu i roto i ngā kawa. Mā ngā tohu ka hono te tangata ki te atua, i waenganui i ngā tāngata takitahi i roto i te hapori, me waenganui i ngā whakatupuranga tawhito me ngā whakatupuranga hou. Hei tauira, i roto i ngā hui marena tuku iho a Havani, he maha ngā tohu e tukuna ana e ngā whakahere; he hohonu te tikanga o ia huānga, pērā i ngā putiputi, te wai, me te kai. Ko ngā putiputi Hāmana he tohu mō te parakore me te mutunga kore, ko te wai he tohu mō te purenga, ā, ko te kai he momo whakawhetai ki a Dewi Sri, te atua wahine o te raihi, e whakaponohia ana ka manaaki i te whenua me te kotinga.
Ngā Tauira o ngā Tohu i roto i ngā Hui Marena: Ngā Tikanga a Bali
Ko te kawa marena tuku iho a Bali, e mōhiotia ana ko "Nganten", he mea kī tonu i ngā tohu e whakaatu ana i te rapunga whakaaro Hindu. Ko tētahi tohu nui ko te "tedung" te maru rānei e whakamahia ana i te wā o te tira. Ehara i te mea ko tēnei maru anake te mahi hei tiaki i te rangi, engari he tohu anō hoki mō te atarangi atua e whakaponohia ana hei tiaki i ngā tāne me ngā wāhine kua mārena.
Hei tāpiritanga, he tikanga nui te raihi kōwhai e ruia ana e ngā mātua o te wahine marena hou me te tāne marena hou. Ko te raihi kōwhai he tohu mō te nui, te whai rawa, me te waimarie. Ko te whakamahinga o te raihi he tohu anō hoki mō te whai rawa, he kai matua hoki e tautoko ana i te tini tāngata.
Kaua hoki e warewarehia te "sanggah cucuk," he hanganga iti rite ki te temepara e tū ana i te marae. He tohu tēnei mō te whakaute ki ngā tūpuna me ngā atua, ā, ko tōna aroaro i roto i te hui marena e whakaatu ana i te hiranga o te manaakitanga a ngā tūpuna mō te oranga hou o te tokorua.
Ngā Tohu i roto i ngā Kawa Matenga: Ngā Tikanga Toraja
E mōhiotia ana te iwi Toraja o South Sulawesi mō ā rātou hui tangihanga whakahirahira, whai tohu hoki. He maha ngā rā e roa ana ēnei hui, e mōhiotia ana ko "Rambu Solo", ā, e uru ana te hapori katoa. Ko tētahi o ngā tohu matua o ēnei hui ko te "tongkonan," he whare tuku iho o Torajan e mahi ana hei pokapū mō ngā mahi whānau, hei tohu hoki mō ngā hononga whānau me te tuakiri pāpori.
Kātahi anō ka puta ko ngā whakapakoko "tau-tau" i hangaia hei whakahonore i te tupapaku. Ehara i te mea he tauira tinana noa iho ēnei whakapakoko, engari he tohu anō hoki mō te noho a te wairua o te tupapaku i roto i te hapori me te ao wairua. Ka whakatakotoria ngā tau-tau ki runga i ngā pari toka, ā, e whakaponohia ana ka tiakina e rātou te oranga o ngā uri e ora ana.
He tohu anō hoki te kakahu whero e whakamahia ana i ngā wā whakanui. Ko te whero he tohu mō te kaha, te ora, me te maia, engari i roto i te horopaki o ngā hui tangihanga, ka whakamaharatia hoki e te whero ngā patunga tapu me te maia i mahia e te tupapaku i tēnei ao.
Ngā Tohu i roto i ngā Kawa Whakatō: Ngā Tikanga o Papua
He nui hoki ngā tohu i roto i ngā kawa whakauru i roto i ētahi iwi o Papua. Hei tauira, i roto i te kawa whakauru a te iwi Dani, ka whakamahia ngā taputapu tuku iho pērā i ngā pere me ngā kopere, he hohonu ake te tikanga. Ehara i te mea ko ngā pere me ngā kopere anake te tohu mō te oranga me te pūkenga whawhai engari he tohu anō hoki mō te pakeketanga me te kawenga o te tangata i roto i te hapori.
Ko te whakawahinga o te tinana ki te waro, ki te paru rānei, he wāhanga o tētahi kawa e tohu ana i te purenga o te tangata me te whakawhiti mai i te tamarikitanga ki te pakeketanga. I tēnei wā, ka whakanohoia ngā tāngata whakapono ki tētahi wāhi motuhake, tawhiti atu i te kāinga, hei tohu i te wehenga atu i te ao tūroa hei whakapakari ake i ō rātou uara me ngā whakaakoranga tuku iho. I muri i tēnei wā, ka hoki rātou ki te hapori hei mema tuturu me tētahi mana hou, kua whakamanahia.
Ngā Tohu i roto i ngā Tikanga Horoi: Ngā Tikanga o Nias
I Nias, he moutere kei waho atu i te raki o Sumatra, he kawa e kiia nei ko "Fama Wiyu." Ka taka tēnei kawa ki roto i te wāhanga o te horoi, te purenga rānei, e aro ana ki te whakakore i te aituā me te kawe mai i te waimarie. Ko tētahi o ngā tohu matua e whakamahia ana i roto i tēnei kawa ko te "Megalith Stone," he kohatu nui e kiia ana he tapu.
Ka whakairohia ēnei kōhatu, ka whakatakotoria ki ngā wāhi rautaki o te kāinga. I ngā wā o ngā karakia, ka whakaherea e ngā tāngata whenua he kararehe me he hua whenua ki ēnei kōhatu, e whakaponohia ana ko ēnei ngā wāhi noho o ngā wairua tūpuna. E pā ana tēnei ki te whakapono ka tiakina, ka manaakitia hoki te hapori e ngā wairua tūpuna e whakautehia ana.
Haunga ngā megalith, he mea nui anō hoki te whakamahi i ngā kākahu tuku iho whero me te koura. Ko te whero he tohu mō te maia me te kaha, ko te koura ia he tohu mō te taonga, te māramatanga, me te kororia. Ka mauhia ēnei kākahu i ngā kanikani kawa e mahia ana hei wāhanga o te hui.
Whakamutunga: Te Tikanga Hōhonu o te Tohu i roto i ngā Tikanga me ngā Kawa
Mai i ngā tauira i runga ake nei, ka taea e tātou te whakatau he mea nui te tohu i roto i ngā kawa tuku iho ki te whakapakari i te tuakiri ahurea, ki te pupuri i te haere tonu o ngā tikanga tuku iho, me te whakarerekē i ngā whanaungatanga pāpori me te wairua i roto i te hapori. Kei roto i ia wāhanga o te kawa, mai i ngā taonga e whakamahia ana ki ngā mahi e mahia ana, he tikanga hohonu e pā ana ki ngā uara me ngā whakapono e arohaina ana e te hapori.
Hei tāpiri atu ki tēnā, mā te ako i ngā tohu o ngā kawa me ngā tikanga tuku iho ka mārama tātou ki te āhua o te whakapuaki me te whakamārama a te tangata i ō rātou wheako oranga i roto i te horopaki whānui, wairua hoki. Mā te mārama ki tēnei tohu, ehara i te mea ka whakaute noa tātou i ngā ahurea kanorau engari ka whakanui hoki i te taonga o ō tātou tūpuna tuku iho, ā, ka whakanui ake i tō tātou maioha ki te kanorau o ngā tikanga tuku iho o te ao.
Nō reira, ko te tiaki me te whakaute i ngā tohu i roto i ngā kawa tuku iho katoa he kawenga tā tātou katoa, kia mau tonu ai te tikanga me ngā uara rangatira, kia tiakina tonutia hoki e ngā whakatipuranga o muri mai.
