Cov Txheej Txheem Tsim Khoom Siv Yas Fluoropolymer thiab Nws Daim Ntawv Thov Hauv Ib puag ncig hnyav
Pendahuluuan
Cov yas fluoropolymer yog ib pawg ntawm cov tshuaj polymer uas muaj cov fluorine atoms hauv lawv cov qauv. Fluorine yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom muaj zog tshaj plaws hauv lub rooj teev sijhawm, muab ntau yam khoom tshwj xeeb uas ua rau lawv haum rau kev siv hauv qhov chaw nyuaj. Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tham txog cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntawm cov yas fluoropolymer thiab lawv cov ntawv thov ntau yam hauv qhov chaw nyuaj.
Cov Txheej Txheem Tsim Khoom Siv Yas Fluoropolymer
1. Kev Xaiv Monomer
Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov fluoropolymers pib nrog kev xaiv ib lub monomer uas tsim nyog. Monomers yog cov molecule me me uas tuaj yeem sib xyaw ua ke los ua cov polymers. Hauv cov ntaub ntawv ntawm fluoropolymers, cov monomers feem ntau siv yog tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), vinylidene fluoride (VDF), thiab chlorotrifluoroethylene (CTFE).
2. Kev ua polymerization
Tom ntej no yog cov txheej txheem polymerization, qhov twg monomers sib xyaw ua ke los ua cov saw polymer. Muaj ntau txoj kev polymerization uas siv ntau:
– Kev Ua Kom Muaj Polymerization: Hauv cov txheej txheem no, monomer, dej, surfactant, thiab polymerization initiator raug sib xyaw rau hauv lub reactor uas muaj siab. Cov txheej txheem no tsim cov khoom me me uas muaj micron me me uas dai rau hauv dej, tsim cov emulsion.
– Kev Ua Kom Cov Tshuaj Polymerization: Cov monomers raug yaj rau hauv cov organic solvent thiab tom qab ntawd polymerized siv cov free radical initiator. Qhov no feem ntau yog siv los ua cov fluoropolymers uas muaj viscosity siab.
– Kev Ua Polymerization Los Ntawm Roj (Hauv Roj): Cov txheej txheem no suav nrog kev sib xyaw cov monomers hauv theem roj. Nws feem ntau siv rau hauv kev tsim cov polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), ib qho ntawm cov fluoropolymers paub zoo tshaj plaws.
3. Kev Ua thiab Kev Hloov Kho
Tom qab polymerization, cov polymer nyoos feem ntau yuav tsum tau ua thiab hloov kho. Cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog extrusion, molding, thiab txheej. Fluoropolymers kuj tseem tuaj yeem sib xyaw nrog lwm cov khoom ntxiv los txhim kho lawv cov khoom siv kho tshuab lossis ua kom muaj kev ruaj khov thermal.
4. Kev sib xyaw ua ke
Qee cov fluoropolymers xav tau cov txheej txheem vulcanization kom ua rau lawv muaj zog thiab ruaj khov. Vulcanization cuam tshuam nrog cov txheej txheem tshuaj lom neeg uas tsim cov kev sib txuas ntawm cov saw polymer, ua rau muaj kev tiv taus kub siab thiab cov tshuaj lom neeg hnyav.
5. Kev Ntsuas Zoo
Tom qab ua tiav cov fluoropolymer lawm, theem tseem ceeb tom ntej yog kev kuaj xyuas zoo. Qhov kev kuaj no suav nrog kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom siv lub cev, khoom siv kho tshuab, thiab tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov polymer kom paub tseeb tias ua raws li cov lus qhia xav tau. Kev kuaj xyuas kev tiv thaiv cov tshuaj lom neeg, qhov kub thiab txias heev, thiab kev cuam tshuam ntawm ib puag ncig kuj tau ua los ntsuas qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm fluoropolymer nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav.
Cov Kev Siv Fluoropolymer Plastics hauv Cov Chaw Ib Puag Ncig Hnyav
1. Kev Lag Luam Tshuaj
Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg, qhov chaw ib puag ncig hnyav xws li qhov kub thiab txias siab, cov tshuaj lom neeg corrosive, thiab kev nyuaj siab yog qhov tshwm sim ntau. Cov tshuaj fluoropolymers xws li PTFE (Teflon) feem ntau siv los ua cov foob, gaskets, thiab cov kav dej uas tiv taus cov tshuaj lom neeg hnyav thiab qhov kub thiab txias heev.
2. Kev Lag Luam Roj thiab Roj Av
Hauv kev lag luam roj thiab roj av, cov fluoropolymers siv rau hauv cov dej hauv qab hiav txwv thiab cov kev siv drilling vim lawv tiv taus kev nyuaj siab thiab xeb heev. Cov fluoropolymers kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov txheej tiv thaiv ntawm cov kav dej thiab cov khoom siv drilling kom txo qhov kev sib txhuam thiab tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj.
3. Kev Lag Luam Hluav Taws Xob
Cov tshuaj fluoropolymers xws li FEP (fluorinated ethylene propylene) thiab PFA (perfluoroalkoxy) feem ntau siv ua cov insulators hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Qhov no yog vim lawv tiv taus kub siab, cov khoom dielectric zoo, thiab tiv taus tshuaj lom neeg. Hauv kev lag luam semiconductor, cov khoom siv feem ntau ua haujlwm ntawm qhov kub siab thiab xav tau cov ntaub ntawv ruaj khov thiab ruaj khov.
4. Kev Lag Luam Chaw thiab Kev Tiv Thaiv
Hauv kev siv rau hauv aerospace thiab kev tiv thaiv, cov xwm txheej ib puag ncig feem ntau yog qhov hnyav heev, suav nrog qhov kub qis heev ntawm qhov chaw sab nraud thiab kev raug hluav taws xob. Cov fluoropolymers yog siv rau hauv kev tsim cov cables, sheaths, thiab cov txheej txheem tiv thaiv kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav.
5. Kev Lag Luam Dav Hlau
Kev lag luam dav hlau kuj siv cov fluoropolymers rau cov ntawv thov uas muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov kub thiab txias thiab kev raug roj dav hlau thiab cov roj nplua nyeem. Cov fluoropolymers yog siv rau hauv cov txheej tiv thaiv ntawm cov khoom siv cav thiab hauv cov roj.
6. Kev Lag Luam Kho Mob
Hauv ntiaj teb kev kho mob, kev tsis muaj kab mob thiab kev tiv taus tshuaj lom neeg yog qhov tseem ceeb heev. Cov tshuaj fluoropolymers ua tau raws li cov qauv no thiab siv rau hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv kho mob uas yuav tsum ua haujlwm hauv qab kev tsis muaj kab mob thiab kov cov kua dej hauv lub cev. Piv txwv li, PTFE siv rau hauv cov catheters thiab cov cuab yeej phais.
7. Kev Lag Luam Tsheb
Hauv kev lag luam tsheb, cov fluoropolymers siv rau hauv roj thiab cov tshuab cua txias, nrog rau cov foob thiab gaskets uas tiv taus ntau yam tshuaj lom neeg thiab qhov kub thiab txias heev. Qhov no pab tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub tsheb hauv ntau yam kev ua haujlwm.
8. Kev Lag Luam Zog
Vim muaj kev xav tau ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob uas siv tau ntev thiab siv tau ntev, cov fluoropolymers kuj siv tau rau kev tsim hluav taws xob los ntawm lub hnub thiab cua sov. Lawv tiv taus qhov kub thiab txias thiab UV ua rau lawv yog cov khoom siv zoo tshaj plaws rau kev siv rau hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas ua haujlwm tau zoo thiab ruaj khov.
9. Kev Lag Luam Khoom Noj thiab Dej Haus
Hauv kev lag luam khoom noj thiab dej haus, cov fluoropolymers siv rau hauv cov khoom siv uas kov ncaj qha rau cov khoom noj thiab dej haus. Lawv ua kom ntseeg tau tias tsis muaj cov pa phem nkag mus, nrog rau kev tiv thaiv cov tshuaj uas siv tau rau hauv cov txheej txheem ntxuav.
Xaus
Cov tshuaj fluoropolymers yog cov khoom siv uas muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov nqe lus ntawm kev tiv taus rau cov xwm txheej hnyav xws li kub siab, tshuaj lom neeg hnyav, thiab cov chaw corrosive. Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom nyuaj, txij li kev xaiv monomer mus rau kev sim khoom kawg, ua kom ntseeg tau tias fluoropolymers 'haum rau kev siv hauv cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb.
Thaum saib cov ntawv thov xws li kev lag luam tshuaj lom neeg mus rau kev tsav dav hlau, thiab los ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob mus rau cov khoom siv kho mob, nws pom tseeb tias fluoropolymers muaj lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv ntau yam kev lag luam. Kev tsim kho tshiab tas mus li hauv kev tsim khoom thiab kev ua cov fluoropolymers muab rau peb cov ntaub ntawv zoo dua qub, ua rau peb daws tau cov teeb meem loj dua hauv cov chaw ib puag ncig hnyav.
