Cov Txheej Txheem Compression Moulding rau Polystyrene Yas thiab Nws Daim Ntawv Thov hauv Kev Ntim Khoom
Polystyrene (PS) yog ib hom thermoplastic uas siv dav hauv kev lag luam vim nws yooj yim ua, pom tseeb lossis tsis pom tseeb, thiab tus nqi pheej yig. Hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev ntim khoom, polystyrene paub dav rau cov khoom xws li cov thawv ntim khoom noj pov tseg, cov tais, lub hau khob, thiab cov khoom tiv thaiv zoo li ua npuas ncauj (expanded polystyrene/EPS). Txawm hais tias cov txheej txheem tsim polystyrene feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog extrusion, thermoforming, lossis txhaj tshuaj molding, cov txheej txheem compression molding tseem ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv qee qhov kev siv - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum xav tau cov duab meej, kev tswj qhov tuab, lossis kev siv cov ntawv sov / preform cov ntaub ntawv. Tsab xov xwm no tham txog cov hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm compression molding rau polystyrene, cov txheej txheem tseem ceeb, cov txiaj ntsig, thiab nws cov ntawv thov hauv kev ntim khoom.
Kev Nkag Siab Txog Polystyrene: Cov Yam Ntxwv Uas Cuam Tshuam Rau Cov Txheej Txheem
Polystyrene yog ib qho thermoplastic amorphous nrog kev tawv, lub teeb, thiab malleability ntawm qee qhov kub. Vim nws cov qauv amorphous, PS tsis muaj qhov taw tes melting ntse zoo li semi-crystalline polymers, tab sis maj mam mos thaum cua sov dhau nws qhov kub hloov iav (Tg), uas yog nyob rau hauv qhov ntau ntawm ± 95–105 ° C. Cov khoom no yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev nias molding: cov khoom siv yuav tsum tau cua sov txaus kom ua yas thiab ntws mus rau hauv qhov pwm qhov, tab sis tsis txhob ntau dhau uas thermal degradation tshwm sim.
Rau kev ntim khoom, PS muaj ntau qhov zoo, xws li kev tawv zoo, kev pwm kom ntxaws, thiab qhov chaw ci ntsa iab. Txawm li cas los xij, PS kuj muaj cov kev txwv: kev tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam tsawg (tshwj tsis yog hloov kho rau hauv HIPS - polystyrene cuam tshuam siab) thiab kev rhiab rau qee cov kuab tshuaj. Hauv cov txheej txheem molding, qhov tawv thiab cov khoom ntws ntawm PS cov khoom siv yuav tsum tau tswj hwm kom tiv thaiv cov khoom kom tsis txhob tawg yooj yim thiab tsim cov kab nrib pleb.
Compression Molding yog dab tsi?
Kev txhaj tshuaj yas yog ib txoj kev los tsim cov yas los ntawm kev muab cov khoom siv (charge) tso rau hauv lub pwm uas kub. Tom qab ntawd lub pwm raug kaw thiab nias kom mos, ntws, thiab ua raws li qhov pwm qhov. Tom qab ntawd cov khoom siv raug txias kom txog thaum nws tawv, thiab cov khoom raug tso tawm.
Feem ntau, kev txhaj tshuaj molding yog nrov dua rau cov thermosetting polymers (piv txwv li, Bakelite) lossis composites. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog cov thermoplastics zoo li polystyrene, cov txheej txheem no tuaj yeem siv rau cov khoom uas muaj cov duab yooj yim, phab ntsa tuab, lossis xav tau kev tswj hwm qhov ntev tshwj xeeb uas yooj yim ua tiav los ntawm kev nias ncaj qha.
Cov theem tseem ceeb suav nrog:
1. Kev npaj cov ntaub ntawv (granules, preforms, lossis daim ntawv).
2. Ua kom sov ua ntej yog tias tsim nyog kom ua kom lub voj voog ceev dua.
3. Kev txhaws pwm (muab cov khoom them rau hauv qhov chaw).
4. Kaw thiab nias (cov khoom ntws thiab puv qhov chaw khoob).
5. Txias nrog lub pwm kaw.
6. Tshem tawm thiab txiav yog tias muaj teeb ci ntsa iab (cov khoom seem ntawm ntug).
Cov Txheej Txheem Tseem Ceeb rau Polystyrene
Qhov kev vam meej ntawm kev nias molding ntawm PS yog cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov kub, siab, thiab lub sijhawm teeb tsa.
1. Qhov Kub ntawm Pwm thiab Qhov Kub ntawm Cov Khoom Siv
Vim tias PS mos tom qab dhau Tg, feem ntau cua sov ua rau siab dua Tg kom txo qhov viscosity thiab cia cov khoom ntws. Yog tias qhov kub qis dhau, cov khoom yuav tsis puv pwm tag nrho thiab yuav ua rau luv luv lossis tsis sib npaug. Yog tias qhov kub siab dhau, PS muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev puas tsuaj (daj, brittleness, lossis tsw), thiab ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov npuas tsim vim yog cov khoom volatiles.
Hauv kev xyaum ua, pwm thiab qhov kub ua ntej cua sov feem ntau raug teeb tsa siab txaus kom ua rau cov dej ntws, thiab tom qab ntawd tswj kev txias kom txo qis kev ntsws thiab kev sib txhuam.
2. Kev Nias Siab
Qhov siab yog qhov tsim nyog los yuam cov khoom kom puv cov pwm thiab txo cov qhov khoob. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov siab ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev kub ntxhov ntau dhau thiab ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab ntxiv, uas yuav txo qhov tawv ntawm kev tawg. Rau PS uas tsis yooj yim tawg, qhov kev nce siab maj mam feem ntau muaj kev nyab xeeb dua li qhov kev siab tag nrho tam sim ntawd.
3. Lub Sijhawm Nyob
Tom qab kaw lub pwm lawm, yuav tsum tau tos kom lub cua sov tawm thiab cov khoom siv ua raws li cov duab ntawm pwm. Lub sijhawm txias ces ua kom cov khoom ruaj khov txaus kom raug rho tawm yam tsis muaj kev hloov pauv. Kev siv lub sijhawm nyob kom zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tsim khoom: ua sai dhau ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv thiab cov cim poob, thaum ua ntev dhau ua rau cov zis tsawg.
4. Tsim pwm: Venting thiab Flash Land
Polystyrene tuaj yeem ntes cua thaum nws ntws. Yog li ntawd, qhov cua nkag yog qhov tseem ceeb kom tiv thaiv cov cim hlawv lossis qhov khoob. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tsim qauv ntawm thaj chaw ntug (flash land) pab tswj kev khiav tawm ntawm cov khoom ntau dhau. Hauv kev ntim khoom, qhov zoo ntawm ntug cuam tshuam rau kev huv si thiab kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev sib cuag zaub mov, yog li kev txiav kuj yuav tsum tau xav txog.
Cov txiaj ntsig ntawm Compression Molding rau Polystyrene
1. Cov nqi pwm qis dua li kev txhaj tshuaj molding rau qee cov qauv yooj yim, vim tias lawv tsis tas yuav tsum muaj lub kaw lus khiav nyuaj.
2. Haum rau cov khoom uas muaj phab ntsa tuab dua lossis cov khoom uas xav tau kev sib zog sib xws.
3. Kev tswj qhov tuab thiab qhov ceev tuaj yeem ua tau zoo vim tias cov khoom raug nias ncaj qha los ntawm kev nias.
4. Yooj yim rau kev siv cov khoom pib, piv txwv li siv cov ntawv PS lossis qee cov preforms.
5. Kev ntxhov siab ntawm kev taw qhia tuaj yeem qis dua li cov txheej txheem uas vam khom kev ntws ceev xws li kev txhaj tshuaj molding, tsuav yog kev tswj hwm siab thiab txias kom zoo.
Kev Txwv thiab Kev Sib Tw
Ntawm qhov tod tes, kev txhaj tshuaj molding rau PS kuj muaj cov kev txwv:
1. Cov voj voog feem ntau ntev dua, feem ntau yog vim cov theem cua sov thiab txias hauv pwm.
2. Tsis zoo tagnrho rau cov khoom uas muaj cov ntsiab lus ntxaws thiab nyias xws li cov khob nyias, uas ua tau zoo dua los ntawm kev siv thermoforming lossis kev txhaj tshuaj molding.
3. Qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ci ntsa iab siab dua yog tias qhov ntim ntawm qhov them tsis raug lossis qhov siab dhau heev.
4. Qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov loj me yuav tshwm sim yog tias qhov kev faib cua sov tsis sib npaug lossis qhov txias tsis sib xws.
5. Qhov brittleness ntawm PS xav tau kev tsim qauv zoo ntawm lub ces kaum thiab kev tswj kev ntxhov siab seem.
Cov Ntawv Thov Polystyrene Compression Molding hauv Kev Ntim Khoom
Txawm hais tias tsis yog txoj kev tseem ceeb rau kev ntim khoom PS niaj hnub no, kev txhaj tshuaj molding tseem ceeb rau cov pawg hauv qab no.
1. Cov Npog Rigid thiab Cov Cheebtsam Uas Zoo Li Yooj Yim
Cov khoom xws li lub hau me me, cov ntxig, lossis cov khoom tiv thaiv uas tsis xav tau phab ntsa nyias heev tuaj yeem ua los ntawm kev siv cov pwm nias. Piv txwv li, qee lub thawv kaw yuav tsum tau khov kho thiab qhov chaw tiaj tus, lossis cov khoom sib nrug kom tswj tau qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom hauv pob.
2. Lub tais thiab cov khoom tiv thaiv (Cov khoom ruaj khov)
Rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob me me, cov tshuaj pleev ib ce, lossis cov khoom siv kho mob yooj yim, cov ntawv ntxig tawv yog qhov tsim nyog los khaws cov khoom kom nyob hauv qhov chaw. Kev txhaj tshuaj pwm tuaj yeem tsim cov ntawv ntxig PS tuab, tawv nrog rau qhov chaw nkhaus, tuav tau uas ua raws li cov duab ntawm cov khoom. Nws qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog lub peev xwm los nias cov khoom kom nruj, tsim kom muaj cov ntawv ntxig khov kho thiab ruaj khov.
3. Cov Khoom Ntim Khoom Nrog Kev Sib Nraus / Logo
Kev nias pwm ua rau muaj cov duab embossing lossis cov duab reliefs sib txawv vim tias cov khoom siv raug nias ncaj qha rau ntawm pwm. Cov cim lag luam, cov qauv tiv thaiv kev plam, lossis cov qauv nto tshwj xeeb tuaj yeem tsim tau nrog cov txiaj ntsig zoo sib xws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias cov khoom tuab txaus kom haum rau qhov relief.
4. Ua cov ntawv PS rau hauv cov duab tshwj xeeb
Ntawm qee cov kab ntau lawm, lub tuam txhab tswj hwm cov ntawv PS uas tau txiav ua ntej. Nrog rau kev txhaj tshuaj molding, cov ntawv lossis preforms tuaj yeem tsim ua cov khoom ntim khoom uas haum rau koj ntau dua yam tsis tas yuav siv cov txheej txheem extrusion-thermoforming ntev.
5. Cov Ntawv Thov Tshwj Xeeb ntawm PS Ua Npuas Ncauj (EPS) nrog Lub Ntsiab Cai Compression
Txawm hais tias EPS feem ntau yog ua los ntawm kev siv lub tshuab ua pa (nthuav dav thiab sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov hlaws), lub tswv yim ntawm kev nias thiab kev sib xyaw hauv cov pwm qee zaum siv los ua kom tau qhov ntom ntom tshwj xeeb hauv cov khoom tshwj xeeb. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no tsis yog cov thermoplastic compression molding qub, tab sis yog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov txheej txheem EPS molding uas siv lub siab thiab cua sov.
Cov Khoom Zoo thiab Kev Nyab Xeeb ntawm Kev Ntim Khoom
Rau kev ntim khoom—tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev ntim khoom noj—qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom tsis yog tsuas yog hais txog cov duab xwb, tab sis kuj yog qhov huv ntawm cov txheej txheem thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm cov khoom. Hauv PS compression molding, kev tswj qhov kub thiab txias yog qhov tseem ceeb heev kom tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev hloov pauv, tsw, lossis txo qis zog. Ntxiv mus, yog tias cov khoom yuav kov ncaj qha rau cov khoom noj, yuav tsum xaiv qib PS zoo (rau kev kov cov khoom noj) thiab ua raws li cov cai tswjfwm.
Kev tswj xyuas zoo feem ntau suav nrog:
- thickness thiab qhov ntev,
- qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov chaw (cov cim ntws, cov cim hlawv, cov hlwv),
- lub zog ntawm ntug thiab kev tiv thaiv tawg,
- kev sib xws ntawm cov qauv / embossing,
- nrog rau kev huv thiab tsis muaj cov pa phem.
Kev kaw
Kev txhaj tshuaj molding yog ib txoj kev tsim uas siv tau rau polystyrene, txawm hais tias thermoforming thiab txhaj tshuaj molding feem ntau siv hauv kev lag luam ntim khoom. Nrog rau kev xaiv cov kev cai zoo - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov kub, siab, tuav lub sijhawm, thiab tsim qhov cua - kev txhaj tshuaj molding tuaj yeem tsim cov khoom PS uas ruaj khov, ruaj khov, thiab muaj kev tswj qhov tuab zoo. Nws daim ntawv thov yog qhov tsim nyog rau cov ntxig tiv thaiv, cov khoom yooj yim ruaj khov, lossis cov khoom ntim khoom uas xav tau kev embossing / kev pab kom meej. Nrog rau kev xav tau ntim khoom sib txawv ntau ntxiv, kev txhaj tshuaj molding tseem yog ib qho kev xaiv txheej txheem tsim nyog xav txog, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lub hom phiaj yog cov duab ruaj khov, tswj qhov loj me, thiab kev tsim khoom nruab nrab nrog kev nqis peev pwm pheej yig.
Yog tias koj xav tau, kuv tuaj yeem hloov kho tsab xov xwm no mus rau hauv ib qho version uas muaj kev txawj ntse ntau dua (nrog rau qhov kub thiab txias ib txwm muaj, kev kawm txog cov khoom ntim khoom tshwj xeeb, thiab kev sib piv cov nqi txheej txheem) lossis ib qho version nrov dua rau cov neeg nyeem feem ntau.
