Cov Hom Yas Siv Hauv Kev Ntim Tshuaj Thiab Lawv Tsim Li Cas
Cov ntim tshuaj ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tswj hwm qhov zoo, kev ruaj khov, kev nyab xeeb, thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov tshuaj los ntawm lub Hoobkas tsim khoom mus rau tus neeg mob. Tsis zoo li cov ntim khoom siv rau cov neeg siv khoom ib txwm muaj, cov ntim tshuaj yuav tsum ua tau raws li cov kev cai nruj dua: nws yuav tsum tiv taus cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog cov khoom xyaw nquag, tiv thaiv cov dej noo thiab oxygen, tiv taus lub teeb thaum tsim nyog, thiab txhawb nqa lub kaw lus kaw nruj, huv si (rau qee yam khoom). Yas yog ib qho ntawm cov ntaub ntawv siv dav tshaj plaws, vim nws tsis hnyav, yooj ywm, pheej yig, thiab tuaj yeem tsim nrog cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb. Tsab xov xwm no tham txog cov hom yas uas feem ntau siv hauv cov ntim tshuaj thiab piav qhia txog lawv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom.
1) HDPE (Polyethylene Ceev Siab)
Siv rau hauv kev ntim tshuaj:
HDPE feem ntau siv rau cov fwj tshuaj ntsiav/tshuaj ntsiav, qee lub fwj kua txiv hmab, thiab lwm yam thawv khov kho. HDPE yog qhov zoo dua rau nws lub zog, kev ruaj khov, kev tiv taus kev cuam tshuam, thiab kev tiv taus tshuaj lom neeg zoo. Rau qee yam khoom, HDPE tuaj yeem ua ke nrog cov kaw kaw, cov tshuaj desiccants, lossis cov ntaub liners kom tiv thaiv cov dej noo zoo tshaj plaws.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb:
- Kev tiv thaiv tshuaj lom neeg siab
- Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev thaiv dej ua pa zoo heev
- Qhov tsis pom kev zoo feem ntau siab dua LDPE (tuaj yeem ua rau tsis pom kev)
- Ruaj khov thiab tsis yooj yim tawg
Txoj kev tsim cov ntim HDPE:
– Kev Siv Tshuab Pwm Los Ntawm Extrusion (EBM): Cov khoom siv HDPE raug yaj thiab nias rau hauv lub raj (parison), tom qab ntawd tshuab rau hauv pwm los ua lub raj mis. Cov txheej txheem no haum rau cov raj mis me me mus rau ntau qhov thiab kev tsim khoom ntau.
– Kev Txhaj Tshuaj Tshuab Moulding (IBM): Thawj qhov preform/txhaj tshuaj raug ua ua ntej, tom qab ntawd tshuab mus rau hauv daim duab kawg. IBM feem ntau tsim cov qhov ntev meej dua thiab cov nto du dua.
2) LDPE (Polyethylene Qis Qis)
Siv rau hauv kev ntim tshuaj:
LDPE feem ntau siv rau cov fwj tshuaj, qee cov raj tshuaj pleev, thiab cov ntim khoom uas xav tau kev ywj pheej thiab kev nias. Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, LDPE feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv cov fwj tshuaj qhov muag/qhov ntswg thiab qee cov ntim tshuaj pleev.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb:
- Yooj yim dua li HDPE
- Kev tiv thaiv tshuaj lom neeg zoo
- Cov khoom thaiv qis dua li HDPE (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tiv thaiv cov pa roj)
Txoj kev tsim cov khoom ntim LDPE:
– Tshuab Moulding: Zoo ib yam li HDPE, LDPE kuj tseem siv tau dav nrog EBM rau cov fwj yas.
– Kev rho tawm (Zaj duab xis/Twj): Yuav ua zaj duab xis yas lossis raj, LDPE raug rho tawm thiab ua kom zoo li qhov xav tau, tom qab ntawd txiav thiab kaw rau theem tom ntej.
3) PP (Polypropylene)
Siv rau hauv kev ntim tshuaj:
PP siv dav rau cov fwj, lub hau fwj, diav ntsuas, qee cov thoob koob txhaj tshuaj (cov khoom tsis tseem ceeb), thiab cov thawv uas xav tau kev tiv taus cua sov ntau dua. PP kuj tseem siv rau kev ntim khoom uas dhau los ntawm cov txheej txheem tshwj xeeb vim nws qhov chaw yaj siab dua PE.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb:
- Kev tiv taus cua sov zoo heev
- Ruaj thiab muaj zog, tab sis lub teeb
- Kev tiv thaiv tshuaj lom neeg siab
- Haum rau cov khoom kaw thiab cov khoom siv ntxiv
Txoj kev tsim cov ntim PP:
– Kev Txhaj Tshuaj Moulding: Cov yas PP pellets raug yaj thiab txhaj rau hauv pwm los tsim cov hau fwj, cov khoom faib, lossis cov diav ntsuas. Txoj kev no muab kev raug siab thiab tsim nyog rau cov duab nyuaj.
– Thermoforming (rau qee qhov kev siv): Daim ntawv PP raug cua sov thiab tom qab ntawd tsim los ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev / siab rau hauv pwm.
4) PET (Polyethylene Terephthalate)
Siv rau hauv kev ntim tshuaj:
PET yog lub npe nrov rau nws cov fwj ntshiab. Hauv cov tshuaj, PET yog siv rau cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo lossis cov fwj vitamin, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum pom kev meej yog qhov zoo. Txawm li cas los xij, rau cov tshuaj rhiab heev rau lub teeb, PET yuav tsum muaj xim (xim av daj) lossis ua ke nrog cov ntim khoom thib ob.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb:
- Kev pom tseeb siab (tuaj yeem pom tseeb heev)
- Lub zog kho tshuab zoo
- Cov khoom thaiv roj zoo dua li PE, txawm hais tias nws tseem nyob ntawm tus qauv tsim thiab tuab.
- Haum rau cov duab raj mis ruaj khov thiab huv si
Txoj kev tsim cov khoom ntim PET:
– Kev Txhaj Tshuaj Ncab Tshuab Moulding (ISBM): Muaj ob theem: cov preform yog ua los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj molding, tom qab ntawd ua kom sov thiab ncab, thiab tshuab rau hauv pwm. Kev ncab ua rau lub raj mis muaj zog thiab meej dua. ISBM yog ib qho uas siv tau rau cov raj mis PET zoo.
5) PVC (Polyvinyl Chloride)
Siv rau hauv kev ntim tshuaj:
PVC nrov heev ua cov khoom siv blister rau cov ntsiav tshuaj thiab cov tshuaj ntsiav. Nws feem ntau yog siv ua zaj duab xis hauv paus (zaj duab xis tsim) thiab tom qab ntawd npog nrog ntawv ci txhuas (lub hau). Rau cov khoom uas xav tau kev tiv thaiv zoo dua los ntawm cov pa dej thiab oxygen, PVC feem ntau yog laminated nrog lwm cov ntaub ntawv thaiv xws li PVDC lossis lwm txoj hauv kev zoo li Aclar (PCTFE).
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb:
- Yooj yim rau kev ua duab (thermoform)
- Kev ruaj khov zoo
- Txawm li cas los xij, tus qauv PVC tiv thaiv dej noo tsis siab npaum li cov khoom siv tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb.
Txoj kev tsim cov khoom ntim PVC:
– Calendering (ua zaj duab xis): Cov yas PVC raug ua tiav rau hauv cov ntawv/zaj duab xis siv cov menyuam calender. Tom qab ua zaj duab xis tiav lawm, qhov tuab thiab qhov zoo ntawm qhov chaw raug kuaj xyuas.
– Thermoforming: Zaj duab xis PVC raug cua sov thiab ua rau hauv lub blister "hnab" nrog pwm.
- Kev Kaw: Tom qab muab cov ntsiav tshuaj tso rau hauv, lub blister raug kaw nrog ntawv ci txhuas los ntawm cov txheej txheem kaw cua sov.
6) PVDC (Polyvinylidene Chloride) ua ib txheej/Laminate
Siv rau hauv kev ntim tshuaj:
PVDC tsis tshua siv ua cov khoom ntim khoom, tab sis nws yog ib qho uas siv ntau heev ua ib txheej tiv thaiv rau cov yeeb yaj kiab PVC (PVC/PVDC) los txhim kho qhov thaiv tiv thaiv cov pa dej thiab cov pa oxygen. Qhov no tseem ceeb rau cov tshuaj hygroscopic lossis cov tshuaj rhiab heev.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb:
- Kev thaiv dej thiab pa roj zoo heev
- Ua kom lub sijhawm khaws khoom ntev dua
- Feem ntau muaj nyob rau hauv daim ntawv txheej lossis laminate
Yuav ua li cas los tsim PVDC ntawm blister:
– Txheej/Lamination: PVDC yog siv ua ib txheej rau saum daim zaj duab xis (piv txwv li PVC) siv ib txoj kev txheej tshwj xeeb, tom qab ntawd ziab thiab kho kom lo rau ruaj khov thiab sib npaug.
7) PCTFE (Polychlorotrifluoroethylene) / Aclar
Siv rau hauv kev ntim tshuaj:
PCTFE (feem ntau hu ua Aclar) yog siv rau cov hlwv uas muaj kev thaiv siab, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov tshuaj uas rhiab heev rau dej noo. Cov khoom no kim dua tab sis muab kev tiv thaiv zoo heev, ua rau nws nyiam rau cov khoom muaj nqis siab lossis cov uas muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ruaj khov.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb:
- Kev tiv thaiv av noo siab heev
- Kev ruaj khov zoo
- Haum rau cov kev cai ruaj khov ntawm lub sijhawm khaws cia
Txoj kev tsim khoom:
– Zaj duab xis lamination: PCTFE feem ntau yog siv ua txheej lamination rau ntawm cov qauv blister (piv txwv li PVC/PCTFE), tom qab ntawd ua tiav los ntawm thermoforming thiab kaw zoo li lub blister ib txwm muaj.
8) PS (Polystyrene) thiab OPS/HIPS (cov qauv sib txawv)
Siv rau hauv kev ntim tshuaj:
PS siv rau qee yam khoom xws li cov tais, cov thawv thib ob, lossis cov khoom uas xav tau kev ruaj khov thiab zoo nkauj. Txawm li cas los xij, nws siv rau hauv kev ntim tshuaj thawj zaug yog tsawg dua li PE / PP / PET vim nws qhov xwm txheej brittle dua thiab cov khoom thaiv qis dua li cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb.
Cov yam ntxwv tseem ceeb:
- Ruaj khov, lub teeb
- Yuav pom tseeb (OPS) lossis tiv taus kev cuam tshuam ntau dua (HIPS)
- Tsis haum rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau kev ywj pheej
Txoj kev tsim khoom:
– Thermoforming: Cov ntawv PS raug cua sov thiab ua rau hauv cov tais lossis cov ntxig.
– Kev txhaj tshuaj molding: Rau cov khoom me me uas xav tau kev ua kom raug.
9) Cov Txheej Txheem Tsim Khoom Siv Tshuaj: Cov Theem Tseem Ceeb Tshaj Li Kev Tsim Yas
Ntxiv rau kev xaiv hom yas thiab txoj kev tsim khoom, kev lag luam tshuaj siv cov txheej txheem tswj hwm nruj heev. Qee cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb suav nrog:
1. Kev xaiv qib tshuaj: Cov yas resins yuav tsum ua tau raws li qee qhov kev nyab xeeb thiab kev hloov pauv thiab yuav tsum sib xws ntawm cov pawg.
2. Kev tswj kom tsis txhob muaj kuab paug: Cov chaw tsim khoom tuaj yeem siv kev huv si, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov khoom uas kov ncaj qha rau cov khoom tsis muaj kab mob.
3. Kev tswj xyuas zoo: Kev kuaj suav nrog qhov loj me (lub caj dab ntawm lub raj mis), lub zog ntawm kev foob, kev kuaj qhov xau, qhov tuab ntawm zaj duab xis, thiab kev sib haum xeeb nrog cov ntsiab lus (cov khoom rho tawm / cov khoom tawm hauv qee kis).
4. Kev Kho Kom Zoo Nkauj thiab Sau Npe: Cov fwj tuaj yeem sau npe, luam tawm, lossis kos duab. Txawm li cas los xij, cov khoom siv thiab kua mem yuav tsum tsim nyog kom tiv thaiv kev ua qias tuaj thiab xyuas kom nyeem tau yooj yim.
5. Lub kaw lus kaw: Cov hau ntswj, cov hau tiv thaiv menyuam yaus, cov foob pob uas pom tseeb, lossis cov ntaub thaiv kev sib khi ua ke yog siv dav rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm tus neeg mob thiab kev ua tiav ntawm cov khoom.
Xaus
Yas yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntim tshuaj niaj hnub no vim nws qhov yooj ywm hauv kev tsim qauv, kev ua haujlwm zoo hauv kev tsim khoom ntau, thiab kev hloov pauv mus rau nws cov khoom thaiv. HDPE thiab PP siv dav rau cov fwj thiab lub hau vim lawv lub zog thiab kev tiv thaiv tshuaj lom neeg; LDPE zoo heev rau cov ntim khoom yooj ywm xws li cov fwj dropper; PET raug xaiv rau cov fwj ntshiab zoo nkauj; thaum PVC, PVDC, thiab PCTFE tseem ceeb rau cov blisters nrog ntau qib kev tiv thaiv tiv thaiv dej noo thiab roj. Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom xws li tshuab molding, txhaj molding, thermoforming, thiab lamination / txheej yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ua cov ntim khoom kom ua tau raws li kev ua haujlwm thiab cov qauv zoo.
Yog tias koj xav tau, kuv tuaj yeem hloov kho tsab xov xwm no kom muaj kev txawj ntse ntau dua (piv txwv li, ntxiv cov txheej txheem txheej txheem, cov duab qhia txog kev tsim cov blister / lub raj mis, lossis tham txog kev ruaj khov thiab kev sim sib xws ntawm cov khoom ntim) kom haum rau koj txoj haujlwm tshwj xeeb lossis kev xav tau kev lag luam.
