Cov Kauj Ruam Rau Kev Ua Cov Khoom Siv Thermoplastic thiab Thermosetting
Yas yog ib yam khoom siv uas siv tau ntau yam thiab yooj yim hloov pauv uas tau hloov pauv ntau yam kev lag luam, txij li kev lag luam mus txog rau lub neej txhua hnub. Muaj ob hom yas tseem ceeb uas siv ntau: thermoplastic thiab thermosetting. Ob hom no muaj cov yam ntxwv thiab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom sib txawv. Tsab xov xwm no yuav piav qhia txog cov kauj ruam tsim khoom rau txhua hom yas.
To taub Thermoplastic thiab Thermosetting
Cov thermoplastics yog ib hom yas uas tuaj yeem yaj thiab rov ua dua ntau zaus yam tsis muaj kev hloov pauv loj rau lawv cov qauv tshuaj. Cov yam ntxwv no ua rau lawv rov ua dua tshiab tau yooj yim. Qee cov piv txwv ntawm cov thermoplastics yog polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), poly (vinyl chloride) (PVC), thiab polystyrene (PS).
Cov yas thermosetting yog cov yas uas dhau los ntawm kev tshuaj lom neeg thaum cua sov thiab pwm, ua rau muaj cov qauv tawv, tsis yaj. Cov yas thermosetting feem ntau yog siv rau hauv cov ntawv thov uas xav tau lub zog siab thiab ruaj khov. Piv txwv li suav nrog epoxy resin, melamine, thiab Bakelite.
Cov Kauj Ruam Rau Kev Ua Thermoplastics
1. Kev Xaiv Cov Khoom Siv Raw
Cov khoom siv thermoplastic feem ntau yog los ntawm roj av lossis roj av, uas tau ua tiav rau hauv cov monomers xws li ethylene, propylene thiab vinyl chloride.
2. Txheej Txheem Polymerization
Cov txheej txheem polymerization yog ib kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov thermoplastics. Muaj ob hom polymerization tseem ceeb:
- Kev Ntxiv Polymerization: Monomers raug ntxiv ib qho los ntawm ib qho los tsim cov saw ntev yam tsis tsim cov khoom seem.
- Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom me me (condensation polymerization): Cov monomers sib xyaw ua ke nrog kev tshem tawm cov khoom me me xws li dej lossis cawv.
3. Kev rho tawm
Thaum cov polymers tau tsim, lawv feem ntau yaj thiab extruded los ntawm lub pwm kom tsim cov pellets me me lossis granules npaj rau kev ua tiav ntxiv.
4. Kev Luam Ntawv
Muaj ntau txoj kev molding siv rau hauv kev tsim cov thermoplastics:
– Kev Txhaj Tshuaj Moulding: Polymer raug yaj thiab txhaj rau hauv pwm. Txoj kev no yog qhov tsim nyog rau kev tsim cov khoom lag luam uas muaj cov duab sib txawv.
– Tshuab Pwm: Siv los ua lub raj mis thiab cov thawv. Cov polymer raug yaj, tshuab rau hauv pwm, thiab txias.
- Thermoforming: Daim ntawv yas raug cua sov thiab ua rau hauv pwm.
– Extrusion Molding (Extrusion Printing): Cov polymer raug yaj thiab thawb los ntawm cov pwm uas muaj ib yam duab tshwj xeeb, xws li cov yeeb nkab lossis cov hniav.
5. Kev txias thiab kev ua tiav
Tom qab ua pwm lawm, cov khoom thermoplastic raug txias thiab ua kom zoo, yog tias tsim nyog. Cov txheej txheem no tshem tawm cov qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov chaw thiab ua kom cov duab kawg ntawm cov khoom zoo nkauj dua.
Cov Kauj Ruam rau Kev Ua Thermosetting
1. Kev Xaiv Cov Khoom Siv Raw
Cov khoom siv thermosetting feem ntau muaj xws li cov resin thiab cov khoom ua kom tawv. Cov resins xws li phenol-formaldehyde, urea-formaldehyde, thiab epoxy feem ntau siv ua ke nrog cov khoom ua kom tawv uas ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam tshuaj thaum lub sijhawm cua sov.
2. Sib tov Resin thiab Hardening Agent
Cov roj hmab no raug sib xyaw nrog cov tshuaj ua kom tawv hauv qhov sib piv kom raug kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev sib xyaw zoo. Cov txheej txheem sib tov no yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo kom tsis txhob muaj kev sib xyaw ua ntej lub sijhawm.
3. Kev Ua Duab
Tom qab sib tov tas, cov khoom sib tov no muab tso rau hauv pwm. Muaj ntau txoj kev siv los ua cov khoom siv thermosetting, suav nrog:
– Kev Siv Pwm Nias: Muab cov khoom sib tov tso rau hauv pwm, tom qab ntawd kaw pwm thiab ua kom sov. Lub zog nias ua rau cov khoom puv pwm tag.
- Kev Hloov Pwm: Zoo ib yam li kev nias pwm, tab sis cov khoom siv raug yaj ua ntej hauv chav ua ntej hloov mus rau pwm.
– Kev Txhaj Tshuaj Moulding: Txawm hais tias tsis tshua siv rau thermosetting, cov txheej txheem no kuj tso cai rau kev molding ntawm cov khoom nyuaj dua.
4. Kev Ua Kub thiab Kev Ua Kom Ruaj (Kev Kho)
Thaum cov khoom sib tov nyob hauv pwm lawm, nws yuav raug cua sov kom pib ua kom cov tshuaj kho. Thaum lub sijhawm no, cov resin yuav ua rau cov tshuaj tawv tawv sib txuas ua ke, ua rau cov khoom siv no khov kho. Lub sijhawm kho thiab qhov kub yuav nyob ntawm hom resin uas siv.
5. Kev txias thiab kev ua tiav
Tom qab ua tiav cov txheej txheem kho kom zoo lawm, cov pwm yuav txias thiab cov khoom kawg yuav raug tshem tawm ntawm cov pwm. Cov khoom no feem ntau tsis tas yuav ua kom tiav ntau, tab sis qee yam yuav tsum tau ua kom du lossis hloov kho me ntsis.
6. Kev Tshuaj Xyuas Zoo thiab Kev Ntsuas
Yuav kom paub tseeb tias cov khoom kawg ua tau raws li cov qauv zoo uas yuav tsum tau ua, cov khoom thermosetting feem ntau yuav tsum tau ua ntau yam kev sim. Cov kev sim no suav nrog kev sim lub zog, kev sim tiv taus cua sov, thiab lwm yam, nyob ntawm seb cov khoom siv li cas.
Kev Sib Piv ntawm Thermoplastic thiab Thermosetting
1. Kev Yooj Yim Hauv Kev Tsim Qauv thiab Kev Hloov Kho
- Cov thermoplastics muaj kev ywj pheej tsim qauv ntau dua thiab tuaj yeem rov ua dua tshiab, ua rau lawv yog qhov kev xaiv zoo rau cov khoom uas muaj lub neej luv dua thiab xav tau kev hloov kho ntau zaus.
- Kev siv thermosetting zoo dua rau cov ntawv thov uas xav tau cov khoom siv muaj zog thiab ruaj khov, xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab tsheb.
2. Cov Txheej Txheem Tsim Khoom thiab Cov Nqi
- Feem ntau cov Thermoplastics muaj cov txheej txheem tsim khoom yooj yim dua thiab sai dua, nrog rau cov nqi qis dua rau ib chav vim lawv cov khoom siv rov ua dua tshiab.
- Cov txheej txheem thermosetting nyuaj dua thiab kim dua vim tias nws xav tau cov khoom siv tshwj xeeb thiab qhov kub thiab txias kom raug rau cov txheej txheem kho.
3. Kev Siv Dua thiab Ib puag ncig
– Cov thermoplastics yooj yim dua rau kev rov ua dua tshiab vim tias lawv tuaj yeem yaj thiab rov yaj dua ua cov khoom tshiab. Qhov no ua rau lawv zoo rau ib puag ncig.
– Cov yas thermosetting tsis tuaj yeem rov ua dua tshiab tau tib yam, vim tias lawv dhau los ntawm cov txheej txheem kho uas xauv lawv rau hauv ib daim duab tshwj xeeb. Txawm hais tias nyuaj dua, ntau cov txheej txheem rov ua dua tshiab yas thermosetting tab tom raug tsim.
Xaus
Cov yas thermoplastic thiab thermosetting muaj cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb thiab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom sib txawv, txhua tus muaj nws tus kheej qhov zoo thiab qhov tsis zoo. Kev nkag siab txog lawv cov txheej txheem tsim khoom thiab cov khoom pab cov chaw tsim khoom xaiv hom yas zoo rau ib daim ntawv thov tshwj xeeb, txawm tias nws yog cov khoom siv niaj hnub uas feem ntau rov ua dua tshiab lossis cov khoom siv hauv kev lag luam uas xav tau lub zog siab thiab ruaj khov. Nrog rau kev nce qib thev naus laus zis thiab kev tsim kho tshiab, yav tom ntej ntawm kev tsim khoom yas yuav txuas ntxiv mus rau kev ua haujlwm zoo dua thiab kev ruaj khov ntawm ib puag ncig.
