Cov Qauv Kev Pabcuam Tshuaj Hauv Tsev Kho Mob
Cov qauv kev pabcuam tshuaj hauv tsev kho mob yog cov lus qhia rau qib zoo tsawg kawg nkaus uas cov chaw muag tshuaj yuav tsum ua tau thaum muab kev pabcuam tshuaj. Cov qauv no tseem ceeb heev vim tias cov chaw muag tshuaj pabcuam ntau dua li "cov neeg muab tshuaj" tab sis kuj yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lub cev kho mob, ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb, ua haujlwm tau zoo, thiab muaj laj thawj. Cov kev pabcuam tshuaj zoo cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm tus neeg mob, kev siv nyiaj tau zoo, thiab kev txhim kho cov txiaj ntsig kho mob thiab kev txaus siab ntawm tus neeg mob.
Kev Txhais thiab Scope ntawm Cov Kev Pabcuam Muag Tshuaj hauv Tsev Kho Mob
Cov kev pabcuam tshuaj hauv tsev kho mob suav nrog txhua yam haujlwm ntsig txog kev tswj cov tshuaj, cov khoom siv kho mob, thiab cov khoom siv kho mob siv tau, nrog rau cov kev pabcuam tshuaj rau cov neeg mob. Qhov no suav nrog kev npaj cov kev xav tau, kev yuav khoom, kev khaws cia, kev faib khoom, kev pabcuam sau ntawv yuav tshuaj, kev muab cov ntaub ntawv tshuaj, kev saib xyuas kev kho mob, thiab kev kawm thiab kev sab laj. Cov kws muag tshuaj hauv tsev kho mob kuj koom nrog cov kev pab cuam zoo, kev tswj hwm kev pheej hmoo , thiab kev ua ub no tiv thaiv kev ua yuam kev ntawm tshuaj.
Cov Hom Phiaj ntawm Cov Qauv Kev Pabcuam Tshuaj
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm cov qauv kev pabcuam tshuaj hauv tsev kho mob yog kom ntseeg tau tias cov kev pabcuam tshuaj raug siv tas li, sau tseg, thiab raws li cov ntsiab cai tshawb fawb thiab cov cai siv tau. Qhia meej dua, cov qauv lub hom phiaj yog:
1. Xyuas kom tus neeg mob muaj kev nyab xeeb los ntawm kev tswj cov tshuaj kom zoo, saib xyuas cov kev mob tshwm sim, thiab tiv thaiv kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj.
2. Ua kom kev kho mob zoo dua los ntawm kev xyuas kom cov neeg mob tau txais cov tshuaj kom raug, cov tshuaj noj kom raug, txoj kev siv kom raug, thiab thaum lub sijhawm raug.
3. Txhawb kom siv tshuaj yeeb kom muaj txiaj ntsig kom tsis txhob siv ntau dhau, siv tsis txaus, thiab siv tsis raws cai.
4. Txhim kho kev ua haujlwm ntawm tsev kho mob los ntawm kev tswj cov khoom muag zoo, kev xaiv tshuaj kom raug, thiab kev tswj tus nqi tshuaj.
5. Ua kom cov neeg mob txaus siab ntxiv los ntawm kev sib txuas lus meej, kev qhia ntawv, thiab kev pabcuam sai thiab tshaj lij.
Cov Cheebtsam Tseem Ceeb ntawm Cov Qauv Kev Pabcuam Tshuaj
Feem ntau, cov qauv kev pabcuam tshuaj hauv tsev kho mob tuaj yeem muab faib ua ob qho loj: cov qauv kev tswj hwm thiab cov qauv kev pabcuam tshuaj hauv tsev kho mob.
1. Cov Qauv rau Kev Tswj Xyuas Kev Npaj Tshuaj thiab Cov Khoom Siv Kho Mob
Kev tswj cov khoom muag tshuaj suav nrog cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm txij sab saud mus rau sab hauv qab.
a. Yuav tsum tau npaj
Kev npaj ua raws li cov ntaub ntawv siv, cov qauv kab mob, daim ntawv teev tshuaj hauv tsev kho mob, thiab xav txog cov kev pab cuam kho mob thiab cov peev nyiaj uas muaj. Kev npaj zoo tiv thaiv cov tshuaj kom tsis txhob muaj ntau dhau thiab zam kev khaws cov tshuaj uas muaj kev pheej hmoo tas sij hawm.
b. Kev Yuav Khoom
Kev yuav khoom yuav tsum ua kom pom tseeb, ua raws li cov cai, thiab xyuas kom meej tias cov khoom zoo. Kev xaiv cov neeg muab khoom yog raws li kev cai lij choj, kev lees paub zoo, kev xa khoom raws sijhawm, thiab lub peev xwm los muab cov khoom raws li cov lus qhia.
c. Kev txais tos thiab kev tshuaj xyuas
Txhua yam tshuaj uas tau txais yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas seb puas muaj pes tsawg, tus lej ntawm cov khoom, hnub tas sij hawm, qhov xwm txheej ntawm cov khoom ntim, thiab ua raws li cov ntaub ntawv yuav khoom. Cov kauj ruam no yog qhov tseem ceeb heev kom tiv thaiv kev nkag mus ntawm cov khoom puas tsuaj lossis tsis zoo.
d. Kev Khaws Cia
Kev khaws cia yuav tsum ua raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom ruaj khov: qhov kub hauv chav, cov saw txias, kev tiv thaiv ntawm lub teeb, thiab kev npaj tshwj xeeb rau cov tshuaj yeeb / tshuaj psychotropics. Yuav tsum siv cov ntsiab cai FEFO (First Expired First Out) thiab FIFO (First In First Out). Yuav tsum tau sau tseg kev saib xyuas qhov kub thiab av noo.
e. Kev faib khoom
Kev faib tshuaj rau cov chaw pabcuam (chav kho mob sab nraud, chav kho mob hauv tsev kho mob, chav kho mob ceev, chav saib xyuas mob hnyav, chav phais mob) yuav tsum ua haujlwm sai, raug, thiab taug qab tau. Cov txheej txheem faib khoom tuaj yeem suav nrog cov ntawv sau tshuaj rau ib tus neeg mob, cov koob tshuaj ib zaug, lossis cov khoom hauv pem teb uas tau saib xyuas nruj me ntsis. Lub hom phiaj yog kom ntseeg tau tias cov tshuaj mus txog cov neeg mob kom raug thiab muaj kev nyab xeeb.
f. Kev tswj thiab kev rhuav tshem
Cov tshuaj uas puas lawm/tas sij hawm yuav tsum tau muab cais, sau tseg, thiab rhuav tshem raws li cov txheej txheem. Kev tswj hwm kuj suav nrog kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom muag, kev tshaj tawm txog kev poob, thiab kev ntsuam xyuas kev siv tshuaj kom tiv thaiv kev siv tsis raug.
2. Cov Qauv Kev Pabcuam Tshuaj Kho Mob
Cov kws muag tshuaj hauv tsev kho mob tsa cov kws muag tshuaj ua cov neeg koom tes ntawm pab pawg kho mob hauv kev kho mob kom zoo dua.
a. Kev tshuaj xyuas cov tshuaj
Cov kws muag tshuaj ntsuam xyuas seb cov tshuaj puas tsim nyog: cov cim qhia, noj npaum li cas, cov lus qhia siv, tej zaum yuav ua xua, kev sib cuam tshuam, kev kho mob ob zaug, kev tsis pom zoo, thiab kev haum rau tus neeg mob tus mob (hnub nyoog, lub raum/siab ua haujlwm). Yog tias pom muaj teeb meem, cov kws muag tshuaj yuav nrog tus kws kho mob tham kom paub meej lossis kom tau cov lus qhia.
b. Kev faib tshuaj thiab kev npaj tshuaj
Kev npaj tshuaj yuav tsum ua raws li cov ntsiab cai ntawm "tus neeg mob yog, tshuaj yog, koob tshuaj yog, lub sijhawm yog, txoj kev yog, thiab cov ntaub ntawv yog." Rau kev npaj tshuaj tua kab mob (xws li qee yam kev txhaj tshuaj), yuav tsum siv cov txheej txheem aseptic, thiab cov chaw xws li chav huv lossis cua laminar yuav tsum ua tau raws li cov qauv, yog tias muaj.
c. Cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev kawm txog tshuaj yeeb
Cov kws muag tshuaj muab cov ntaub ntawv tseeb txog tshuaj rau cov kws kho mob, cov kws tu mob, thiab cov neeg mob. Kev kawm qhia txog kev siv tshuaj, cov kev mob tshwm sim, kev khaws cia, kev noj tshuaj raws li qhov tau teem tseg, thiab yuav ua li cas yog tias tsis nco qab noj tshuaj. Rau cov neeg mob uas mob ntev, kev qhia tswv yim pab tiv thaiv kev rov qab mob dua thiab txhim kho kev tswj kab mob.
d. Kev saib xyuas kev kho mob tshuaj
Cov kws muag tshuaj saib xyuas kev kho mob, cov kev mob tshwm sim, thiab cov teeb meem tsis zoo. Kev saib xyuas yuav suav nrog kev ntsuam xyuas hauv chaw kuaj mob, kev hloov kho koob tshuaj, thiab cov lus qhia rau kev hloov pauv kev kho mob.
e. Kev tshaj tawm txog cov kev mob tshwm sim thiab cov kev ua yuam kev ntawm kev siv tshuaj
Ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm tus qauv yog kev tshaj tawm thiab kev tshuaj xyuas ntawm Cov Xwm Txheej Tsis Zoo (AEs), Cov Tshuaj Tsis Zoo (ADRs), thiab cov xwm txheej ua yuam kev ntawm kev siv tshuaj. Kev tshaj tawm tsis yog lub hom phiaj los muab qhov txhaum, tab sis yog los txhim kho lub kaw lus kom tiv thaiv cov xwm txheej zoo sib xws los ntawm kev rov tshwm sim los ntawm kev ntsuas tiv thaiv.
f. Kev sib piv tshuaj
Thaum cov neeg mob raug tso cai nkag, raug xa mus rau lwm chav, thiab raug tso tawm, cov kws muag tshuaj yuav ua qhov kev sib piv kom ntseeg tau tias daim ntawv teev cov tshuaj ntawm tus neeg mob yog qhov tseeb thiab sib xws. Cov txheej txheem no tiv thaiv kev tsum tshuaj yam tsis tau xav txog, kev siv tshuaj ntau zaus, lossis kev sib cuam tshuam tsis zoo uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv kev kho mob.
Cov Kev Pabcuam thiab Cov Chaw Txhawb Nqa
Kev siv cov qauv kev pabcuam tshuaj yuav tsum muaj cov neeg ua haujlwm thiab cov chaw txaus. Cov tsev kho mob yuav tsum xyuas kom muaj cov kws muag tshuaj thiab cov kws tshaj lij tshuaj uas muaj peev xwm, kev faib ua haujlwm meej, thiab kev cob qhia tsis tu ncua. Ntxiv mus, cov chaw txhawb nqa xws li lub kaw lus qhia txog tshuaj, qhov chaw khaws khoom txaus, cov khoom siv saib xyuas qhov kub thiab txias, thiab cov txheej txheem ua haujlwm sau ntawv (SOPs) yuav tsum muaj thiab siv.
Kev siv tshuab kuj tseem ua lub luag haujlwm ntau ntxiv, piv txwv li kev siv Computerized Physician Order Entry (CPOE), kev tswj hwm tshuaj barcode, thiab cov txheej txheem sib xyaw ua ke los txo qhov yuam kev thiab ua kom muaj kev ua haujlwm zoo dua.
Cov Cim Qhia Txog Kev Zoo ntawm Kev Pabcuam Tshuaj
Yuav kom ntseeg tau tias cov qauv raug siv, cov tsev kho mob yuav tsum tsim cov ntsuas zoo, piv txwv li:
- Feem pua ntawm kev muaj cov tshuaj tseem ceeb/cov qauv tshuaj.
- Lub sijhawm tos rau cov kev pab kho mob sab nraud.
- Feem pua ntawm cov teeb meem kev siv tshuaj yuam kev uas tau tshaj tawm thiab tau ua raws li.
- Kev ua raws li cov kev cai ntawm kev siv cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj.
- Tus naj npawb ntawm kev kawm/kev sab laj rau cov neeg mob.
- Feem pua ntawm cov tshuaj tas sij hawm rau tag nrho cov khoom muag.
Cov ntaub ntawv qhia txog qhov ntsuas raug tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua ua lub hauv paus rau kev txhim kho zoo tas mus li.
Cov Teeb Meem thiab Kev Txhim Kho
Cov teeb meem uas tshwm sim hauv cov kev pabcuam tshuaj hauv tsev kho mob suav nrog cov peev txheej tib neeg tsawg, kev ua haujlwm ntau, kev hloov pauv cov tshuaj, kev txwv ntawm cov khoom siv, thiab kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua yuam kev vim yog kev sib txuas lus tsis zoo. Txhawm rau daws cov teeb meem no, cov tsev kho mob yuav tsum txhawb kev koom tes ntawm cov kws tshaj lij, txhim kho cov txheej txheem sau ntawv, nce kev siv thev naus laus zis, thiab tsim kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm tus neeg mob.
Kev kaw
Cov qauv kev pabcuam tshuaj hauv tsev kho mob yog lub hauv paus rau kev ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb, zoo, thiab kev saib xyuas tshuaj uas tsom mus rau tus neeg mob. Nrog kev tswj hwm tshuaj kom zoo, lub tsev muag tshuaj uas ua haujlwm tau zoo, thiab lub kaw lus zoo uas ntsuas tau, cov tsev kho mob tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev ua yuam kev ntawm cov tshuaj, ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo ntawm kev kho mob, thiab muab kev paub zoo dua rau tus neeg mob. Thaum kawg, lub tsev muag tshuaj hauv tsev kho mob tsis yog tsuas yog ib chav pabcuam xwb, tab sis yog lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau kev vam meej ntawm kev pabcuam kev kho mob tag nrho.
Yog tias koj xav tau, kuv tuaj yeem kho tsab xov xwm no kom haum rau qee txoj cai (piv txwv li, Tus Thawj Coj Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Txoj Cai hais txog kev pabcuam tshuaj hauv tsev kho mob), ntxiv cov ntaub ntawv teev cia, lossis tsim cov qauv kev kawm ntxiv nrog kev taw qhia-cov txheej txheem-kev sib tham-cov qauv xaus.
