Cov Tshuaj Narcotics thiab Psychotropic hauv Tsev Kho Mob
Cov tshuaj yeeb thiab cov tshuaj psychotropic yog cov tshuaj tseem ceeb hauv kev kho mob niaj hnub no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog hauv tsev kho mob. Ob qho tib si muaj cov txiaj ntsig zoo hauv kev kho mob, suav nrog kev kho mob mob hnyav, qaug dab peg, kev ntxhov siab hnyav, thiab txawm tias muab tshuaj loog thaum phais. Txawm li cas los xij, vim lawv muaj peev xwm vam khom, siv tsis raug, thiab muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim loj, lawv siv, khaws cia, thiab kaw cia hauv tsev kho mob yuav tsum tau saib xyuas nruj thiab ua raws li cov cai.
Kev nkag siab dav dav thiab qhov sib txawv
Feem ntau, cov tshuaj narcotics yog cov tshuaj uas ua haujlwm rau lub paj hlwb hauv nruab nrab, ua rau tsis nco qab, txo qhov mob, thiab muaj peev xwm vam khom. Hauv kev kho mob hauv tsev kho mob, cov tshuaj narcotics feem ntau siv ua cov tshuaj loog muaj zog lossis ua ib feem ntawm kev siv tshuaj loog. Lub caij no, cov tshuaj psychotropic yog cov tshuaj uas kuj cuam tshuam rau lub paj hlwb hauv nruab nrab, tab sis feem ntau cuam tshuam nrog kev hloov pauv hauv kev ua ub no ntawm lub hlwb thiab tus cwj pwm, xws li sedative, anti-anxiety, anti-psychotic, lossis stimulant effects. Psychotropics kuj muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev siv tsis raug thiab tuaj yeem ua rau vam khom, txawm hais tias lawv cov teebmeem txawv ntawm cov tshuaj narcotics.
Qhov txawv tseem ceeb ntawm ob hom no pom tau hauv lawv cov cim qhia tseem ceeb hauv kev kho mob: cov tshuaj narcotics feem ntau siv rau kev mob, thaum cov tshuaj psychotropics feem ntau siv rau kev puas siab puas ntsws, kev pw tsaug zog tsis taus, kev ua kom tsaug zog, lossis qee yam mob hlwb. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv tsev kho mob, ob pawg tshuaj no feem ntau sib tshooj hauv cov ntsiab lus ntawm kev siv tshuaj loog, kev saib xyuas mob hnyav, thiab kev tswj hwm cov mob hnyav.
Lub luag haujlwm kho mob hauv tsev kho mob
Nyob rau theem tsev kho mob , cov tshuaj narcotics thiab cov tshuaj psychotropic ua lub luag haujlwm dav. Piv txwv li, rau cov neeg mob tom qab phais, qhov mob nruab nrab mus rau qhov mob hnyav feem ntau xav tau cov tshuaj narcotic analgesics los pab lawv ua pa zoo dua, txav mus sai dua, thiab txo qhov kev ntxhov siab ntawm lub cev. Rau cov neeg mob raug mob, qhov mob hnyav los ntawm kev raug mob tuaj yeem ua rau lub cev tsis ruaj khov, ua rau kev siv tshuaj zoo yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj hwm txoj sia.
Hauv kev siv tshuaj loog, ob qho tshuaj narcotics thiab tshuaj psychotropic feem ntau siv ua ib feem ntawm cov txheej txheem tshuaj loog, kev siv tshuaj loog, lossis kev siv tshuaj loog rau cov neeg mob uas xav tau kev ua pa hauv chav kho mob hnyav (ICU). Ntxiv mus, hauv chav kho mob ceev, qee cov tshuaj siv los kho kev ntxhov siab hnyav, kev chim siab, lossis kev ntshai uas hem kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg mob thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm.
Txawm li cas los xij, cov txiaj ntsig tseem ceeb no yuav tsum tau ntsuas kom zoo zoo. Kev noj tshuaj, txoj kev siv, lub sijhawm kho mob, thiab txawm tias cov kab mob ntawm tus neeg mob (piv txwv li, kev ua pa tsis taus, teeb meem siab, lossis keeb kwm siv tshuaj yeeb tsis raug) yog cov yam tseem ceeb hauv kev txiav txim siab hauv kev kho mob.
Piv txwv ntawm kev siv thiab cov cim qhia
Qee cov tshuaj yeeb uas siv ntau hauv tsev kho mob (nyob ntawm cov cai ntawm daim ntawv qhia tshuaj thiab cov cai hauv zos) suav nrog morphine, fentanyl, pethidine, thiab oxycodone. Lawv cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog mob hnyav, mob qog noj ntshav, mob tom qab phais, thiab ua ib qho tshuaj loog ntxiv.
Lub caij no, cov tshuaj psychotropic uas feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv tsev kho mob suav nrog benzodiazepines (piv txwv li, diazepam lossis midazolam) rau kev ua kom tsaug zog, tiv thaiv kev ntxhov siab, thiab tiv thaiv kev qaug dab peg; nrog rau lwm cov tshuaj uas tuaj yeem siv rau kev puas siab puas ntsws, kev ntxhov siab, lossis cov mob tshwj xeeb raws li qhov xav tau kev kho mob. Piv txwv li, rau cov neeg mob uas muaj qaug dab peg ntev, benzodiazepines tuaj yeem yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev kho mob thawj zaug.
Hauv txhua yam kev siv no, cov ntsiab cai tseem ceeb yog kev qhia kom raug, tus neeg mob raug, tshuaj raug, koob tshuaj raug, thiab kev saib xyuas kom raug. Kev ua yuam kev hauv ib qho ntawm cov no tuaj yeem ua rau ua pa nyuaj, tsis nco qab, muaj teeb meem ntawm lub plawv, thiab txawm tias tuag taus - tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias cov tshuaj raug muab tsis muaj kev saib xyuas txaus.
Kev pheej hmoo thiab cov teebmeem sab uas yuav tsum tau kwv yees
Cov tshuaj yeeb dej cawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phiv xws li xeev siab, cem quav, khaus, tso zis tsis tu ncua, thiab, qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws, ua pa nyuaj. Qhov kev pheej hmoo nce ntxiv rau cov neeg laus, cov neeg uas muaj kab mob ntsws ntev, cov neeg pw tsaug zog tsis taus xws li pw tsaug zog apnea, lossis thaum cov tshuaj yeeb dej cawv sib xyaw nrog lwm cov tshuaj loog.
Cov tshuaj psychotropic, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tshuaj sedative-hypnotics, tuaj yeem ua rau tsaug zog ntau dhau, txo qis kev sib koom tes, delirium (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg laus), vam khom, thiab muaj feem yuav ntog. Kev siv rau cov neeg mob uas muaj teeb meem siab lossis lub raum ua haujlwm yuav tsum tau ceev faj tshwj xeeb vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov tshuaj ua haujlwm ntev dua.
Ntxiv rau cov kev mob tshwm sim hauv kev kho mob, lwm qhov kev pheej hmoo tseem ceeb yog kev hloov pauv (kev hloov pauv cov tshuaj mus siv tsis raug), uas tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov chaw kho mob uas cov txheej txheem kev ruaj ntseg tsis muaj zog. Yog li ntawd, cov tsev kho mob feem ntau siv cov txheej txheem nruj rau cov tshuaj no.
Kev tswj hwm hauv kev teeb tsa tsev kho mob
Kev tswj hwm cov tshuaj yeeb thiab cov tshuaj psychotropic hauv tsev kho mob feem ntau yog lub luag haujlwm ntawm Tsev Kho Mob Pharmacy Unit (IFRS), ua ke nrog cov chaw pabcuam (ER, chav kho mob, chav saib xyuas mob hnyav, chav kho mob, thiab lwm yam). Kev tswj hwm suav nrog kev npaj cov kev xav tau, kev yuav khoom, kev txais, kev khaws cia, kev faib tawm, kev siv, thiab kev rhuav tshem cov tshuaj uas tas sij hawm lossis puas lawm.
1. Kev npaj thiab kev yuav khoom
Cov tsev kho mob npaj cov kev xav tau raws li cov qauv kab mob, tus lej ntawm cov neeg mob, cov qauv siv, thiab qhov muaj lwm txoj kev kho mob. Kev yuav khoom yog ua los ntawm cov channel raug cai kom ntseeg tau tias zoo thiab raug cai.
2. Penyimpanan
Cov tshuaj yeeb thiab cov tshuaj psychotropic yuav tsum tau khaws cia rau hauv cov chaw xauv uas muaj kev txwv tsis pub nkag, feem ntau siv cov txee tshwj xeeb lossis chav cia khoom uas muaj ob chav tswj. Hauv qee lub tsev kho mob, qee chav siv "cov txee tshuaj tswj" lossis cov txheej txheem kev ruaj ntseg ntxiv.
3. Kev faib khoom
Kev muab tshuaj ntawm lub tsev muag tshuaj mus rau chav saib xyuas neeg mob yog ua raws li cov txheej txheem sau ntawv, feem ntau yog muaj daim ntawv thov thiab pov thawj xa khoom tuaj nrog. Qhov no ua kom ntseeg tau tias tus nqi muab tshuaj raug sau tseg thiab taug qab tau.
4. Kev sau thiab kev tshaj tawm
Ib qho ntawm cov cim tseem ceeb ntawm lub kaw lus tswj cov tshuaj no yog qhov yuav tsum tau ua cov ntaub ntawv nruj: tus nqi ntawm cov tshuaj tau txais thiab muab faib, cov khoom kawg, tus neeg mob lub npe, tus kws kho mob sau ntawv, thiab cov neeg ua haujlwm uas tau muab thiab tau txais cov tshuaj. Kev tshuaj xyuas sab hauv raug ua tsis tu ncua kom pom qhov tsis sib xws ntawm cov khoom.
5. Kev puas tsuaj
Cov tshuaj uas puas lawm los yog tas sij hawm lawm tsis tuaj yeem pov tseg yam tsis saib xyuas. Cov txheej txheem rhuav tshem feem ntau yuav tsum muaj daim ntawv qhia, cov neeg ua tim khawv, thiab ua raws li cov cai lij choj.
Kev coj ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev sau ntawv thiab kev faib tshuaj
Yuav kom muaj kev nyab xeeb, kev sau tshuaj yeeb thiab tshuaj psychotropic hauv tsev kho mob yuav tsum ua raws li cov lus qhia kho mob thiab cov qauv kev saib xyuas . Cov kws kho mob sau cov ntawv sau tshuaj raws li cov cim qhia, xav txog kev tsis pom zoo, kev sib cuam tshuam ntawm cov tshuaj, thiab tsim cov hom phiaj kho (piv txwv li, lub hom phiaj ntsuas qhov mob). Cov kws muag tshuaj tshuaj xyuas cov ntawv sau tshuaj kom paub tseeb tias muaj cov tshuaj ntau npaum li cas, hom tshuaj npaum li cas, txoj kev siv tshuaj, thiab kev sib cuam tshuam.
Cov kws tu mob, ua cov thawj coj ntawm kev muab tshuaj, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua kom ntseeg tau tias "tus neeg mob yog, cov tshuaj yog, koob tshuaj yog, lub sijhawm yog, txoj kev yog, thiab cov ntaub ntawv raug." Kev saib xyuas tus neeg mob tom qab muab tshuaj yog qhov tseem ceeb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov neeg mob uas muab tshuaj rau hauv cov hlab ntsha lossis cov neeg mob uas muaj kev pheej hmoo siab. Yog tias muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim loj xws li kev ua pa qeeb lossis kev tsis nco qab, kev ua haujlwm sai thiab kev xa mus rau sab hauv zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb.
Kev tiv thaiv kev tsim txom thiab kev coj noj coj ua ntawm kev nyab xeeb
Kev tiv thaiv kev siv tsis raug tsis yog tsuas yog hais txog kev xauv lub txee xwb, tab sis kuj yog hais txog kev coj noj coj ua ntawm kev nyab xeeb ntawm tus neeg mob thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo. Cov tsev kho mob yuav tsum tau siv kev cob qhia tsis tu ncua rau cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob, kev tshuaj xyuas cov khoom muag thiab kev siv, kev tshaj tawm cov xwm txheej yam tsis muaj kev liam, thiab cov txheej txheem uas txo qis cov cib fim rau kev hloov pauv cov ntaub ntawv. Kev siv cov ntaub ntawv kho mob hluav taws xob thiab cov txheej txheem tshuaj sib xyaw ua ke kuj pab taug qab kev siv tshuaj kom raug.
Ntawm sab neeg mob, kev kawm kuj tseem ceeb heev. Cov neeg mob thiab lawv tsev neeg yuav tsum nkag siab tias cov tshuaj no yog siv rau kev kho mob raws li txoj cai nruj, yuav tsum tsis txhob muab faib rau lwm tus, thiab yuav tsum qhia rau cov kws kho mob txog kev ua xua, teeb meem ua pa, lossis kev siv lwm yam tshuaj uas yuav cuam tshuam.
Kev kaw
Cov tshuaj yeeb thiab cov tshuaj psychotropic yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob hauv tsev kho mob—pab cov neeg mob tswj kev mob hnyav, qaug dab peg, thiab ntxhov siab heev, nrog rau kev txhawb nqa kev siv tshuaj loog thiab kev saib xyuas mob hnyav. Txawm hais tias lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo, muaj kev pheej hmoo loj ntawm cov kev mob tshwm sim loj thiab muaj peev xwm siv tsis raug, yog li lawv cov kev tswj hwm yuav tsum ua raws li cov ntsiab cai ceev faj, cov cai, thiab cov qauv kev pabcuam nruj. Nrog kev npaj kom zoo, kev khaws cia kom ruaj ntseg, kev khaws cov ntaub ntawv kom raug, thiab kev koom tes ntawm cov kws kho mob, cov kws muag tshuaj, thiab cov kws tu mob, cov tsev kho mob tuaj yeem ua kom ntseeg tau tias kev siv cov tshuaj no kom raug, muaj kev nyab xeeb, thiab muaj lub luag haujlwm rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm cov neeg mob thiab zej zog.
