ʻEpekema

Nā Nīnau Hoʻohālike e Kūkākūkā ana i nā ʻĀpana o ka ʻŌnaehana Pale o ke Kino ʻO ka ʻōnaehana pale o ke kino, i ʻike nui ʻia ʻo ka ʻōnaehana pale, he ʻano hana olaola i hoʻohana ʻia e nā meaola e hakakā i ka maʻi a me nā maʻi. Mālama ka ʻōnaehana pale i ke kino mai nā ʻano pathogens like ʻole, me nā bacteria, nā virus, nā fungi, a me nā parasites. No ka hoʻomaopopo hou aku i kēia ʻōnaehana, eia kekahi mau nīnau hoʻohālike e kūkākūkā ana... E heluhelu hou aku

Nā Nīnau Laʻana a me ke Kūkākūkā: Ka Pane ʻana o ka Palekana a me ka ʻIke ʻana i ke Kino. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana pale kino kahi pūnaewele paʻakikī o nā ʻōpū, nā cell, a me nā molekala i loko o ke kino e hana pū ana e pale iā mākou mai ka maʻi a me ka maʻi. ʻO ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka pane ʻana o ka pale kino a pehea e ʻike ai ke kino i nā mea ʻē aʻe he mea nui ia i ka biology a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Ma kēia ʻatikala… E heluhelu hou aku

Nā Nīnau Laʻana e Kūkākūkā ana i ka Palekana Kūloko Kūikawā (Antigen-Antibody) ʻO ka ʻōnaehana pale kino kahi ʻano paʻakikī e pale ai i ke kino mai nā hoʻouka ʻana e nā pathogens, e like me ka bacteria, nā virus, a me nā parasites. ʻElua ʻano nui o ka pale palekana: ka pale kūʻokoʻa ʻole (kūlohelohe) a me ka pale kūikawā (adaptive). ʻO ka pale kūloko kūikawā, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo ka pane pale adaptive, pili i nā cell B, nā cell T, a me ka hana antibody e like me... E heluhelu hou aku

Nā Nīnau Hoʻohālikelike Pale Kaua Kūwaho ʻAʻole Kūikawā ʻO ka pale kaua kūwaho ʻaʻole kūikawā kekahi o nā ʻano hana pale o ke kino e pāʻani ana i kahi kuleana koʻikoʻi i ka pale ʻana i ke kino mai nā hoʻoweliweli pathogenic like ʻole. Ua kapa pinepine ʻia kēia ʻano hana pale he pale kūlohelohe, kahi e hana aunoa ai e pale i ke kino mai ka maʻi microbial me ka ʻole o ka koi ʻana i kekahi hoʻoulu kūikawā mua. Ma kēia ʻatikala, e kūkākūkā mākou i kekahi mau… E heluhelu hou aku

Nā Nīnau Hoʻohālike e Kūkākūkā ana i nā ʻŌnaehana Palekana o Waho a me Kūloko Hoʻolauna He mea koʻikoʻi ka ʻōnaehana pale aupuni i ka mālama ʻana i ke kūʻokoʻa a me ka pono o ka lāhui. Hiki ke puʻunaue ʻia kēia ʻōnaehana i ʻelua ʻano nui: nā ʻōnaehana pale o waho a me loko. Loaʻa i nā mea ʻelua nā kuleana a me nā hana e hōʻoia i ke kūpaʻa a me ka palekana o ka lāhui. E kūkākūkā kēia ʻatikala i nā hiʻohiʻona o… E heluhelu hou aku

Nā nīnau kūkākūkā hoʻohālike: Nā maʻi i ka hoʻololi a me ka lawe ʻana i nā mea ʻO ka hoʻololi a me ka lawe ʻana i nā mea i loko o ke kino he hana koʻikoʻi ia e hōʻoia ai i ka loaʻa ʻana o kā mākou mau cell i nā meaʻai e pono ai a me ka wehe pono ʻana i nā huahana ʻōpala. Pili kēia hana i nā ʻōnaehana kino like ʻole, me nā ʻōnaehana hanu, cardiovascular, a me excretory. Hiki i nā maʻi i kēia hana ke loaʻa nā hopena koʻikoʻi i ke olakino. Ma kēia ʻatikala… E heluhelu hou aku