ʻEpekema

ʻAtikala E Pili Ana i nā Rula o nā Helu Koʻikoʻi

ʻO nā helu koʻikoʻi nā helu i loaʻa ma o nā ana ʻana i loaʻa nā helu koʻikoʻi paʻa (e heluhelu ʻia ma ka mea ana) a me hoʻokahi helu hope loa i manaʻo ʻia.

Manaʻo mākou e ana mākou i ka lōʻihi o kahi mea me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi lula (ʻO ka palena pololei o ka lula he 1 mm a i ʻole 0,1 cm) a hōʻike i ka hopena ma 3 mau helu koʻikoʻi, no ka laʻana 4,55 cm. Inā e ana ʻia ka lōʻihi o ka mea me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi caliper vernier (ʻO ka palena pololei o ka caliper vernier he 0,1 mm a i ʻole 0,01 cm) a hōʻike ʻia ka hopena ma 4 mau helu koʻikoʻi, no ka laʻana 4,485 cm a inā e ana ʻia me kahi ana wili micrometer (ʻO ka palena pololei o ka ana wili micrometer he 0,01 mm a i ʻole 0,001 cm) a hōʻike ʻia ka hopena ma 5 mau helu koʻikoʻi, no ka laʻana 3,4845 cm. Hōʻike kēia i ka helu o nā helu koʻikoʻi i hōʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he hopena ana e hōʻike ana i ka pololei o kahi ana. ʻOi aku ka nui o nā helu koʻikoʻi e hiki ke hōʻike ʻia, ʻoi aku ka pololei o ke ana. ʻOiaʻiʻo, ʻoi aku ka pololei o ke ana ʻana i ka lōʻihi o kahi mea me kahi ana wili micrometer ma mua o ka caliper vernier a me ka lula.

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Nā Mea Hana o nā Kānāwai o Kepler

Ke hoʻomanaʻo nei ʻoe i kāu holo kaʻa mua (ʻaʻole i kou wā pēpē)? I kou wā i loko o kahi kaʻa e neʻe ana, ʻike ʻoe me he mea lā e neʻe ana nā lāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​hale. I kēlā manawa, ua manaʻo paha ʻoe e neʻe ana nā lāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​hale, ʻoiai ʻoe a me ke kaʻa e noho mālie ana. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ʻoe a me ke kaʻa e neʻe ana, ʻoiai ʻo nā lāʻau a i ʻole nā ​​hale e noho mālie ana. ʻIke maoli mākou i kēia neʻe ʻike ʻia a i ʻole ka neʻe wahaheʻe i kēlā me kēia lā. I kēlā me kēia kakahiaka e "puka" ana ka lā ma ka ʻaoʻao hikina, a laila neʻe i ke komohana a "napoʻo" ma ka ʻaoʻao komohana i ke awakea. Pēlā nō, i ka pō, ʻike pinepine ʻoe i ka neʻe ʻana o ka mahina mai ka hikina a i ke komohana. Ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe a kānalua paha e neʻe ana ka lā a me ka mahina a puni ka honua, ʻoiai e noho mālie ana ka honua?

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Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i kahi mokulele e neʻe ana ma ke ala holo? Inā ʻaʻole, e hoʻokaʻawale i kekahi manawa e hele ai i ke kahua mokulele ma kou kūlanakauhale. E nānā i ka neʻe ʻana o ka mokulele i ka wā e kokoke ana e haʻalele a i ʻole e pae. Ke kokoke ana e haʻalele, hoʻomaka ka mokulele e neʻe pololei mai kahi kūlana paʻa a laila e wikiwiki kona neʻe ʻana a hiki i ka lele ʻana. I ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, i ka wā e pae ai, lohi mālie ka neʻe ʻana o ka mokulele, ka mea i wikiwiki loa i ka wā mua. ʻO ka neʻe ʻana o ka mokulele ma ke ala holo he laʻana o ka neʻe laina wikiwiki like ʻole ma ke kuhikuhi ākea. Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i kahi hua i hāʻule mai kona kumu a hāʻule i ka honua? ʻO ka neʻe ʻana o ka hua a i ʻole kekahi mea e hāʻule ana mai kahi kiʻekiʻe i ka honua he laʻana o ka neʻe laina wikiwiki like ʻole ma ke kuhikuhi kū pololei a ua kūkākūkā kikoʻī ʻia kēia ma ka hāʻule manuahi . Hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi i nā laʻana o ka neʻe laina wikiwiki like ʻole i ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā?

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Ua holo a holo paha ʻoe i kahi mokokaikala a kaʻa paha? Manaʻolana ʻaʻole 🙂 hehe… e noho ana i loko o ka nahele 😀 Inā neʻe ka mokokaikala a kaʻa paha e hoʻokele ʻia ana ma kahi laina pololei a paʻa kona wikiwiki, no ka laʻana 60 km/h a laila e neʻe ana ka mokokaikala a kaʻa paha ma kahi laina pololei ma kahi wikiwiki mau (GLB). Hana pū kekahi mau moku holo a mokulele paha i ka GLB. He mea maʻalahi ke nānā aku i nā mea e neʻe ana ma kahi laina pololei i ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā akā he paʻakikī ke nānā aku i nā mea e hana ana i ka GLB. Hiki iā ʻoe ke inoa i kahi laʻana o GLB āu i ʻike ai a i noʻonoʻo paha?

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Hiki ke hana ʻia ka hoʻohui vector ma ke ʻano kiʻi (me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kiʻi) a me ka loiloi (me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā helu ʻana).

Hoʻohui vector kiʻi

ʻO ka hoʻohui vector kiʻi ka hoʻohui vector i hana ʻia ma ke kahakiʻi ʻana i nā vectors e hoʻohui ʻia a me ka vector hopena, a laila ua loaʻa ka nui o ka vector hopena ma ke ana ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi lula.

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Ua maʻalahi a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi ko kākou ola i kēia lā me ke ola ʻana o nā kaʻa huila, nā lako hou e like me nā mīkini hana uila, nā mīkini wili, nā peʻahi, nā mīkini ʻoki mauʻu, nā mea pīpī pua a pēlā aku. ʻAʻole hiki i nā kaʻa huila e like me nā paikikala, nā mokokaikala, nā kaʻa a me nā mokulele ke neʻe inā ʻaʻohe o lākou huila a inā ʻaʻole e wili nā huila. ʻAʻole hiki i nā helikopter a i ʻole nā ​​mokulele ke lele inā ʻaʻole e wili kā lākou mau propeller. ʻAʻole hiki i nā moku ke holo inā ʻaʻole e wili kā lākou mau mīkini hana uila a i ʻole nā ​​propeller. I ka pō, lilo ka hale i pouli loa a ʻaʻohe leʻaleʻa inā ʻaʻole hana ka mīkini hana uila a i ʻole ka hale mana. Hana nā mea he nui i ka neʻe pōʻai i kēlā me kēia lā. Me ka ʻike ʻole, ʻo ka honua a mākou e noho nei, ka mahina e hoʻomālamalama iā mākou i ka pō, nā satelite hana e like me nā satelite kamaʻilio e hoʻouna ana i nā nalu electromagnetic no ke kīwī, lekiō, kelepona paʻalima, a me nā hoʻolaha pūnaewele, ke wili mau nei, ʻo ia hoʻi ke neʻe nei i loko o kahi pōʻai i nā manawa a pau.

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Mea Neʻe Pololei

ʻO ka neʻe ʻana he hanana a mākou e nānā mau nei i ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā. ʻO ka lālā o ka physics e aʻo ana i ka neʻe ʻana ua kapa ʻia ʻo mechanics. ʻO ka lālā o ka mechanics e kūkākūkā ana i ke ʻano o ka neʻe ʻana o kahi mea, me ka noʻonoʻo ʻole i ke kumu o ka neʻe ʻana, ua kapa ʻia ʻo kinematics . I ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe, ʻo ka lālā o ka mechanics e kūkākūkā ana i nā kumu o ka neʻe ʻana a wehewehe i ke kumu e neʻe ai nā mea e like me kā lākou hana ʻana ua kapa ʻia ʻo dynamics. Ma kēia kumuhana, ua manaʻo ʻia kēlā me kēia mea e neʻe ana me he mea lā he ʻāpana a he kiko paha (.). Ua manaʻo ʻia nā mea e neʻe ana he mau kiko e hoʻomaʻalahi i kā mākou loiloi. E noʻonoʻo inā neʻe kahi kiko ma kahi laina pololei, a laila e hana kona alahele i laina pololei.

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Mea Neʻe Hāʻule Manuahi

I ka wā kahiko, he kumuhana hoihoi loa ka neʻe ʻana o nā mea e hāʻule ana i ka honua i loko o ke akeakamai kūlohelohe. Ua ʻōlelo mua ke akeakamai ʻo Aristotle e hāʻule wikiwiki ana nā mea me ke kaumaha nui ma mua o nā mea māmā. Ua hoʻohuli ka manaʻo o Aristotle i nā manaʻo o ka poʻe i noho ma mua o Galileo, ka poʻe i manaʻoʻiʻo he hāʻule wikiwiki nā mea me ke kaumaha nui ma mua o nā mea māmā a ʻo ka wikiwiki o ka hāʻule ʻana o kahi mea e pili ana i kona kaumaha. Malia paha ma mua o ke aʻo ʻana i kēia kumuhana, ua manaʻo pū ʻoe i ka mea like.

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ʻO ka neʻe parabolic a i ʻole ka neʻe projectile kahi ʻano neʻe i hāʻawi mua ʻia ai kahi mea i ka wikiwiki mua a laila hoʻopili piha ʻia kona neʻe e ka ikaika o ke umekaumaha. ʻO ka neʻe projectile kahi neʻe ʻelua-dimensional, kahi hui pū ʻana o ka neʻe ʻana ākea a me ke kū, ʻaʻole like me ka neʻe pololei a i ʻole ka hāʻule manuahi, ʻo ia ka neʻe hoʻokahi-dimensional.

Ua wehewehe ʻo Galileo hiki ke hoʻomaopopo ʻia ka neʻe parabolic ma ka noʻonoʻo ʻana i nā ʻāpana kū pololei a me ka pae o ka neʻe ʻana. Hana wale ka wikiwiki o ka umekaumaha ma ke kuhikuhi kū pololei, ʻaʻole ma ke kuhikuhi pae. No laila, ʻo ka ʻāpana pae o ka neʻe projectile e nānā ʻia he neʻe linear like , a ʻo ka ʻāpana kū pololei o ka neʻe parabolic e nānā ʻia he hāʻule manuahi.

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Ke Kānāwai o Newton no ka Mea Umekaumaha

No ke aha e hāʻule ai a neʻe paha nā hua i ka ʻili o ka Honua ma hope o ka hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ʻana mai kona kumu? Ke ʻōlelo nei nā kānāwai o Newton inā neʻe kahi hua, pono e loaʻa kahi ikaika e hana ana ma luna. ʻO ka ikaika e hoʻoulu ai i kahi mea e hāʻule manuahi i ka ʻili o ka Honua ua kapa ʻia ʻo ka ikaika umekaumaha o ka Honua.

ʻO ka pilikia o ka hāʻule ʻana o nā mea e pili ana i ka umekaumaha, āu e aʻo nei i kēia manawa, ua noʻonoʻo mua ʻia a ua aʻo ʻia e ka ʻepekema Pelekane i hala aku nei ʻo Isaac Newton. Ua hoʻi nā hopohopo o Newton i Helene kahiko. Aia ʻelua mau pilikia nui a ka poʻe Helene i noiʻi ai ma mua loa o ka hānau ʻana o Newton.

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