Nā Kūlana Anesthesia no ke ʻoki holoholona
Pendahuluan
He mea nui ka anesthesia i kekahi hana ʻoki kino, ʻaʻole wale no nā kānaka akā no nā holoholona hoʻi. Pono nā kaʻina hana anesthesia e hōʻoia i ka holo mālie o ka hana a me ka liʻiliʻi o ka ʻeha a me ke kaumaha no ka holoholona. Pono e mālama pono ʻia kēia mau kaʻina hana e ke kauka holoholona a me kā lākou hui lapaʻau e hōʻoia i ka pono o ka holoholona i ka wā a ma hope o ke ʻoki kino.
Nā Pae i loko o ka Anesthesia Protocol
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā kaʻina hana anesthesia i kekahi mau pae: ka hoʻomākaukau mua ʻana o ka anesthesia, ka hoʻokomo ʻana, ka mālama ʻana, ka nānā ʻana, a me ka hoʻōla ʻana ma hope o ka anesthesia. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia pae nā pahuhopu a me nā kaʻina hana kikoʻī.
1. Hoʻomākaukau Ma mua o ka Anesthesia
Loiloi Lapaʻau
Ma mua o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka anesthesia, kauka holoholona pono e hana i kahi loiloi lapaʻau piha. Hoʻokomo pū kēia me hoʻokolokolo kino, ka lawe ʻana i ka mōʻaukala olakino, a me nā hoʻokolohua hoʻokolohua e like me nā hoʻokolohua koko a me ka mimi, inā pono. E kōkua kēia ʻikepili i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i kou kūlana olakino. nā holoholona a me nā kumu pilikia mea paha e ola ana.
wikiwiki
Pono e hoʻokē ʻai ʻia ka hapa nui o nā holoholona ma mua o ka anesthesia e pale aku i ka hanu ʻana o ka pulmonary i ka wā o ke ʻoki ʻana. ʻO nā ʻōlelo paipai maʻamau ma kahi o 8-12 mau hola no ka meaʻai paʻa a me 2-4 mau hola no ka wai, akā hiki ke loli kēia ma muli o ke ʻano a me ke kūlana. olakino holoholona.
Ka lāʻau lapaʻau mua
ʻO ka maʻamau, hāʻawi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau mua e hōʻemi i ka hopohopo, hoʻoulu i ka hoʻomaha, a hoʻemi i ka nui o nā lāʻau anesthetic e pono ai. ʻO kekahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia e komo pū me nā tranquilizers e like me acepromazine, nā opioids e like me morphine, a me nā anticholinergics e like me atropine e hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka bradycardia a me nā mea huna hanu nui.
2. Hoʻokomo ʻana o ka Anesthesia
ʻO ka hoʻokomo ʻana o ka anesthesia ke kahua e neʻe ai kahi holoholona mai ka ʻike piha i ka nalowale ʻana o ka ʻike i makemake ʻia. Hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia kēia ma o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i loko o ke kino a i ʻole ka hanu ʻana.
Hoʻokomo ʻana i loko o ke aʻa
Hoʻohana ke ʻano hoʻokomo intravenous i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me propofol, thiopental, a i ʻole ketamine, nona ka hoʻomaka wikiwiki. ʻO nā pono o kēia ʻano hana ʻo ia kona kaʻina hana wikiwiki a me ka maʻalahi o ka titration dosage.
Ka hanu ʻana
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā lāʻau hoʻomaʻemaʻe hanu e like me ka isoflurane a i ʻole sevoflurane ma o kahi pale maka a i ʻole ke keʻena hoʻokomo. Manaʻo pinepine ʻia kēia ʻano hana palekana no nā holoholona pilikia kiʻekiʻe no ka mea e ʻae ana i ka kaohi maikaʻi ʻana i ka hohonu o ka anesthesia.
3. Hoʻomau ʻana i ka Anesthesia
ʻO ka pahuhopu o ka mālama ʻana e mālama i kahi kūlana paʻa o ka anesthesia no ka holoholona i ka wā o ke ʻoki ʻana. ʻO ka anesthesia hanu ka ʻano mālama maʻamau no ka mea hāʻawi ia i ka mana maʻalahi o ka hohonu o ka anesthesia. Hoʻohana ʻia kahi mīkini anesthesia e ana i nā pae kinoea i hanu ʻia a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana a e hōʻoia i ka ea kūpono.
Pono paha nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe e like me nā analgesics (e.g., opioids) a me nā mea hoʻomaha ʻiʻo ma muli o ke ʻano o ke ʻoki kino.
4. Nānā ʻana i ka Anesthesia
He mea koʻikoʻi ka nānā mau ʻana no ka palekana o ka holoholona i ka wā o ka anesthesia. ʻO kekahi mau palena e pono e nānā ʻia:
Ka helu o ka puʻuwai a me ke mele: Hiki i kahi mea nānā puʻuwai a i ʻole ECG ke ʻike i ka bradycardia, tachycardia, a i ʻole arrhythmia.
Kaomi Koko: Hana ʻia nā ana koko e hōʻoia i ka lawa ʻana o ke kahe koko. ʻO nā mea hana maʻamau e komo pū me Doppler a me oscillometric.
Ka Hoʻopiha ʻOkikene a me ka CO2: Hoʻohana ʻia ka pulse oximetry e nānā i ka saturation oxygen, ʻoiai ke ana ʻana o ka capnography i nā pae CO2 i hoʻokuʻu ʻia.
Mahana Kino: He pilikia nui ka hypothermia i ka wā o ke ʻoki ʻana, no laila he mea nui ka nānā ʻana i ka mahana a hoʻohana pinepine ʻia nā pākeke hoʻomehana a i ʻole nā mea hoʻomehana wai.
5. Hoʻōla hou ʻana ma hope o ka anesthesia
ʻO ka ho'ōla hou ʻana ke kahua e ho'āla ʻia ai ka holoholona mai ka maʻi anesthesia. I loko o kēia kahua, hoʻomau ka nānā ʻana a hiki i ka wā e ʻike piha ai ka holoholona a hiki ke mālama i kona kūlana kino.
Hoʻokele ʻeha
He mea koʻikoʻi ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻeha ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana. Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia nā analgesics e like me opioids, NSAIDs, a i ʻole nā anesthetics kūloko inā pono.
Ka Nānā Koke ʻana
He mea nui ka nānā ʻana i ka wā e hoʻōla ai. E hōʻoia i ka noho ʻana o ka holoholona ma kahi mālie me ka nānā pono ʻana e ʻike i nā pilikia e like me ka hypothermia, ka hanu haʻahaʻa, a i ʻole ke kahe koko ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana.
Nā Manaʻo Kūikawā e pili ana i nā ʻAno
He ʻokoʻa nā pono o nā ʻano holoholona like ʻole i ka wā e pili ana i ka anesthesia. Eia kekahi mau manaʻo kikoʻī no nā ʻano holoholona like ʻole:
Nā ʻīlio a me nā pōpoki
ʻO nā ʻīlio a me nā pōpoki nā holoholona i hoʻomaʻamaʻa pinepine ʻia i nā keʻena lapaʻau holoholona. ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau hoʻomaha a me nā analgesic e like me ka mea i hoʻohana ʻia i nā kānaka. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau ʻokoʻa, e like me ka hoʻohana maʻamau o ka acepromazine i nā ʻīlio no ka premedication.
Nā Holoholona ʻĒ
No nā holoholona exotic e like me nā lāpaki, nā puaʻa guinea, a i ʻole nā mea kolo, pono e mālama pono ʻia ma muli o ko lākou ʻokoʻa kino a me ke kino. No ka laʻana, he kiʻekiʻe ka pilikia o nā lāpaki i ka hanu ʻana a koi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā. I kekahi manawa ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka anesthesia hanu i kēia mau holoholona, a ʻo nā ʻano injection pinepine kekahi koho ʻē aʻe.
Nā Holoholona Nui
Lio a me holoholona koi i nā protocols anesthetic kūikawā i hoʻopilikino ʻia i ko lākou nui a me ka metabolism. ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻokomo ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana a pili pinepine i ka hui pū ʻana o nā lāʻau like ʻole a me nā ʻano hana.
Nā pilikia a me kā lākou mālama ʻana
ʻAʻole kaʻawale ka anesthesia holoholona, e like me ka anesthesia kanaka, mai ka pilikia o nā pilikia e hiki ke hana, e like me:
Hypersensitivity: He hopena allergies i nā lāʻau anesthetic.
Kaumaha o ka hanu: ʻO ka emi ʻana o ka wikiwiki o ka hanu ʻana i hiki ke hana ma muli o ka nui o nā lāʻau hoʻomāmā.
Hypothermia: Hiki ke emi ka mahana o ke kino ma muli o nā hopena o ka anesthesia.
Pono ka hoʻomākaukau pono ʻana mai ka hui lapaʻau no ka mālama ʻana i kēia mau pilikia. ʻO ka hoʻolako ʻana i nā lāʻau pale, ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka ea lima, a me ka nānā pono ʻana he mea pono pinepine ia e hoʻoponopono ai i kēia mau kūlana pilikia.
Ka hopena
He mau kaʻina hana paʻakikī nā kaʻina hana anesthesia no ke ʻoki holoholona e pono ai ka nānā pono ʻana i kēlā me kēia pae, mai ka hoʻomākaukau mua ʻana o ka anesthesia a hiki i ka hoʻōla ʻana ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana. Pono ka palekana a me ka pono o nā holoholona e lilo i mea nui i kekahi kaʻina hana anesthesia. Me ka nānā pono a me nā kaʻina hana kūpono, hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia ka pilikia o nā pilikia a hiki ke holomua ke ʻoki ʻana.
