Nā ʻenehana mālama holoholona exotic
ʻO ka mālama ʻana i nā holoholona exotic he mea hoihoi pinepine ia ma muli o ko lākou ʻano kū hoʻokahi, nā kala, nā ʻano, a me ka waiwai hoʻonaʻauao. ʻO nā holoholona exotic—e like me nā reptile, amphibians, kekahi mau manu, nā mammals liʻiliʻi, ʻaʻole maʻamau, a me nā iʻa hoʻonaninani kūikawā—pono lākou i ka mālama kūikawā ma mua o nā holoholona maʻamau e like me nā pōpoki a me nā ʻīlio. ʻO kēia mau pono like ʻole e pili ana i ka mahana, ka haʻahaʻa, ke kukui, ka meaʻai, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, a me nā ʻano kānāwai. Me ka ʻike ʻole a me ka hoʻomākaukau kūpono, ʻo ka mālama ʻana i nā holoholona exotic e hoʻoweliweli i ke kaumaha mau, nā maʻi, a me ka hoʻoweliweli ʻana i ka mea nona. No laila, pono nā ʻano mālama e hoʻokau i ka pono o ka holoholona, ka palekana, a me ka mālama ʻana i nā lula.
1. Ke hoʻomaopopo nei i ka wehewehe a me nā ʻano o nā holoholona exotic
ʻO ka huaʻōlelo "holoholona exotic" e pili ana i nā holoholona ʻaʻole ia he mau holoholona home maʻamau, pinepine mai nā wahi noho hihiu kikoʻī, a he mau pono kūikawā ko lākou no ke kaiapuni. ʻO nā laʻana, ʻo ia hoʻi nā nahesa, nā moʻo, nā honu, nā rana, nā tarantulas, nā sugar gliders, nā porcupines, nā parrots ʻaʻole maoli, a me kekahi mau iʻa paʻakai. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia hui kahi biology ʻokoʻa: he ectothermic nā reptiles (e hilinaʻi ana i ka mahana ambient), ʻike nā amphibians i ka maikaʻi o ka wai a me ka makū, ʻoiai ʻo nā manu e pono ai ka hoʻoulu ʻana i ka noʻonoʻo a me ka hakahaka e lele ai. Pono e hoʻopilikino ʻia nā ʻano mālama i nā ʻano, ʻaʻole wale ke "ʻano holoholona."
2. Ke kānāwai a me nā loina: ʻO ka hana mua ma mua o ke kūʻai ʻana
Ma mua o ka hoʻoholo ʻana e mālama i kahi holoholona, he mea nui e nānā i nā lula ma kou wahi—inā paha e pili ana i nā ʻano i pale ʻia, nā ʻae ʻona, ka palapala hōʻoia hoʻoulu, a i ʻole nā pāpā lawe mai. Lawe ʻia nā holoholona exotic he nui mai ka hihiu me ke kānāwai ʻole, e alakaʻi ana i ka emi ʻana o nā heluna hihiu a me nā helu make kiʻekiʻe i ka wā o ke kālepa. Ma ke ʻano kūpono, e koho i nā holoholona i hānau ʻia ma ke pio, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi i nā wahi kanaka a olakino hoʻi. E hōʻoia i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā palapala maopopo o ke kumu, a pale i ke kūʻai ʻana i nā holoholona i ʻike ʻia he nāwaliwali, maloʻo, a i ʻole e hōʻike ana i nā hōʻailona o ke kaumaha nui.
3. E hoʻomākaukau i kahi pā a i ʻole kahi noho e hoʻohālike ana i ke ʻano
ʻO ke kī i ka mālama ʻana i nā holoholona exotic, ʻo ia ka hoʻolako ʻana i kahi noho hana e kūpono loa i ko lākou mau kūlana kūlohelohe. ʻAʻole wale ka hale manu he "wahi e noho ai," akā he ʻōnaehana kaiapuni. E noʻonoʻo i kēia mau ʻano:
– Ka nui a me ke ʻano o ka hakahaka: Pono nā mea kolo arboreal i kahi pā kiʻekiʻe no ka piʻi ʻana, ʻoiai nā holoholona honua e pono ai kahi papahele ākea. Pono nā manu i kahi pā i lawa ka nui e neʻe ai a hohola i ko lākou mau ʻēheu.
– Pākuʻi: E hoʻohana i kahi pākuʻi palekana—ʻaʻohe lepo, ʻaʻohe mea ʻawahia, a ʻaʻole hiki ke ʻai ʻia. No kekahi mau mea kolo, e pale i ke one maikaʻi, hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ka ʻōpū inā moni ʻia.
– Nā wahi peʻe: Pono nā holoholona exotic he nui i kahi "pahu peʻe" a i ʻole kahi pouli e palekana ai. Me ka ʻole o kahi malu, e hoʻonui ʻia ke kaumaha.
– Hoʻonaninani hana: ʻO nā lālā, nā pōhaku, nā mea kanu (maoli a palekana paha i hana ʻia), a me nā wahi piʻi e paipai i ke ʻano kūlohelohe, hoʻēmi i ka luhi, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ke ʻano o ke ola.
4. Nā hoʻonohonoho mahana, haʻahaʻa, a me nā kukui
He nui nā hemahema o ka mālama holoholona exotic i loaʻa mai ka mālama pono ʻole ʻana i ka mahana a me ka makū. ʻO nā mea kolo, no ka laʻana, pono lākou i kahi gradient thermal e koho ai ma waena o nā wahi mahana a me nā wahi anuanu e pili ana i nā pono metabolic. ʻO nā ʻano hana maʻamau:
– Ke kukui wela a i ʻole ka pale wela (me ka thermostat) e mālama i ka mahana paʻa.
– ʻO ka hygrometer a me ka thermometer e nānā pono i ka mahana a me ka makū.
– Ke kukui UVB no nā ʻano e pono ai ia (e laʻa me kekahi mau honu a me nā moʻo) e kōkua i ka hana ʻana o ka huaora D3 a me ka metabolism calcium.
– Ke kaʻina hana mau o ke ao a me ka pō e mālama i nā mele olaola.
ʻO nā hewa maʻamau ka wela nui ʻana o ka pā holoʻokoʻa me ka ʻole o kahi anuanu, a i ʻole ka haʻahaʻa loa o ka makū i nā ʻano ʻāina wela e pono ai ka ea pulu.
5. Nā ʻAno Hana a me nā ʻAno Hānai Kūpono
ʻOkoʻa nā ʻano ʻai holoholona exotic. He ʻai ʻiʻo kekahi mau mea kolo, he ʻai mea kanu kekahi, a he ʻai mea kanu kekahi. Pono kekahi mau manu i ka hui kaulike o nā hua, nā huaʻai, nā mea kanu, a me nā pellets. ʻO nā ʻano hana hānai kūpono:
– Nā ʻokoʻa o ka papa kuhikuhi e pale aku ai i nā hemahema meaʻai.
– Nā mea hoʻohui kalipuna a me nā wikamina inā pono, ʻoi aku hoʻi no nā mea kolo. Hiki i ka hemahema o ka kalipuna ke hoʻoulu i nā maʻi iwi metabolic.
– Ka papa hana hānai e like me ka makahiki: ʻAi pinepine nā moa ma mua o nā mākua.
– Wai maʻemaʻe: Inu kekahi mau holoholona mai nā mea hoʻokahe wai, aʻo kekahi poʻe inu mai nā ipu. Pono e hoʻololi mau ʻia ka wai e pale aku i ka bacteria a me ka fungus.
No nā holoholona ʻai pepeke, e hoʻohana i nā pepeke maikaʻi a hoʻomaʻamaʻa i ka hoʻopiha ʻana i ka ʻōpū (e hānai ana i nā pepeke i ka meaʻai momona ma mua o ka hānai ʻana) e hoʻonui i ko lākou waiwai meaʻai.
6. Ka Maʻemaʻe, ka Hoʻomaʻemaʻe, a me ka Kāohi ʻana i nā Maʻi
ʻO nā wahi lepo e lilo koke i wahi hānau no nā bacteria, nā parasites, a me nā fungi. ʻO nā ʻano hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi e komo pū me ka wehe ʻana i nā feces i kēlā me kēia lā, ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka wai, a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono mau. E hoʻohana i kahi disinfectant palekana no nā holoholona, e holoi pono, a e hōʻoia i ka maloʻo o ka hale manu ma mua o ka hoʻokuʻu hou ʻana i ka holoholona (inā he maʻalahi ke ʻano i nā kemika).
Eia kekahi, e hoʻokaʻawale i nā holoholona hou no ka liʻiliʻi he 30 mau lā (ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lōʻihi), ʻoiai inā he mau holoholona ʻē aʻe kāu. Kōkua ka hoʻokaʻawale i ka pale ʻana i ka laha ʻana o nā maʻi, e like me nā maʻi hanu i nā mea kolo a i ʻole nā mea palaualelo i nā amphibians.
7. Ka lawelawe ʻana a me ka hoʻokele ʻana i ke kaumaha
ʻAʻole makemake nā holoholona exotic a pau e lawelawe pinepine ʻia. Makemake ka nui o nā reptile a me nā amphibians e lawelawe ʻia me ka launa kino palena ʻole. ʻO nā ʻano hana lawelawe palekana:
– Kākoʻo maikaʻi i ke kino, ʻaʻole huki i ka huelo a i ʻole nā lālā.
– E hōʻalo i nā neʻe koke, nā walaʻau nui, a me ka lōʻihi o ka lawelawe ʻana.
– E holoi i kou mau lima ma mua a ma hope o ka lawelawe ʻana i nā holoholona i mea e pale ai i ka laha ʻana o nā pathogens zoonotic (e.g. Salmonella i loko o nā reptile).
– E hāʻawi i ka manawa hoʻololi ma hope o ka neʻe ʻana i nā hale manu a i ʻole ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana.
Hiki i ke kaumaha i nā holoholona exotic ke hōʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano he emi ʻana o ka makemake e ʻai, ka mae ʻana o ke kala, ka huhū, a i ʻole ka peʻe nui ʻana. Inā hoʻomau nā hōʻailona, e loiloi i ke kaiapuni a kūkākūkā me ke kauka holoholona.
8. Mālama Ola a me nā Nānā Hana Maʻamau
ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa, pono e mālama ʻia nā holoholona ʻē e ke kauka holoholona akamai. Hiki i nā nānā mau ke ʻike mua i nā pilikia, e like me nā parasite kūloko, nā ʻeha waha, nā pilikia hanu, a i ʻole nā pilikia ʻili. E mālama i kahi moʻolelo maʻalahi o ke kaumaha, ka pinepine o ka hānai ʻana, ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻōpū, a me nā loli o ke ʻano. He mea kōkua nui kēia ʻikepili i ka wā kūkākūkā.
ʻO nā hōʻailona e makaʻala ai: ka emi wikiwiki o ke kaumaha, ka hanu walaʻau, ka luhi lōʻihi, ka pehu ʻana, nā ʻeha pehu, a i ʻole ka maʻi kahe mau. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana wikiwiki, no ka mea, hūnā pinepine nā holoholona exotic i nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi a hiki i ka wā e ʻino ai ko lākou kūlana.
9. Mea nona a me ka palekana o ke kaiapuni
Loaʻa i kekahi mau holoholona exotic ka lāʻau make, nā maiuu ʻoi, a i ʻole kahi ʻano o ka nahu ʻana i ka wā e hoʻoweliweli ʻia ai. He mea nui hoʻi ka palekana o nā hale paʻa e pale aku i ka pakele ʻana, no ka mea, hiki i nā holoholona i pakele ke make i kahi kūpono ʻole a hoʻopilikia paha i ka ʻōnaehana ola kūloko. E hōʻoia i ka ea kūpono akā e pale i nā ala pakele. No kekahi mau ʻano, pono ka lawelawe ʻana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lako hana kūikawā a me ka mālama ʻana i nā kaʻina hana palekana. Pono hoʻi nā mea nona e hoʻomaopopo i nā pilikia o nā maʻi allergies, zoonoses, a me ka laha ʻana o nā maʻi ma waena o nā holoholona.
10. Hoʻopaʻa Lōʻihi a me ka Mākaukau Kumukūʻai
He nui nā holoholona exotic e ola lōʻihi ana. Hiki i kekahi mau honu ke ola no nā makahiki he ʻumi, a hiki i kekahi mau manu ke ola lōʻihi aku. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, pono e mākaukau nā mea nona no kahi kūpaʻa mālama lōʻihi, me ka wā e neʻe ai, hoʻololi i nā hana, a i ʻole nā kūlana kālā. ʻAʻole wale nā kumukūʻai i ke kūʻai ʻana i ka holoholona akā ʻo nā lako hoʻomehana/UVB, ka uila, ka meaʻai kūikawā, ka mālama olakino, a me nā hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā hale manu.
Pani
Pono ka mālama holoholona exotic i ka ʻike, ka hoʻopaʻi, a me ke aloha no kā lākou mau pono olaola kikoʻī. ʻO nā mea āpau mai nā koi kānāwai a hiki i ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i ka nohona, ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka mahana a me ka makū, ka meaʻai kaulike, ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, a me ka hoʻokele pilikia—ua pili pū nā mea āpau. ʻAʻole wale ka mālama ʻana i nā holoholona exotic he leʻaleʻa, akā he kuleana e hōʻoia i ko lākou olakino, palekana, a me ke olakino. Me ka noiʻi hohonu, ke kūkākūkā loea, a me ka hoʻohiki lōʻihi, hiki i ka mālama holoholona exotic ke lilo i ʻike hoʻonaʻauao a uku me ka ʻole o ka hoʻopilikia ʻana i ka olakino o nā holoholona.
