Kimiyya

Fahimtar Ƙarfin Wutar Lantarki

Kamar yadda aka yi nazari a sashen aiki da makamashi, an bayyana iko a matsayin aikin da aka yi a cikin wani takamaiman lokaci. Aiki shine tsarin canza makamashi, don haka ana iya fahimtar iko a matsayin canjin makamashi a cikin wani takamaiman lokaci.

Ƙarfin lantarki shine canjin makamashin lantarki a cikin wani takamaiman lokaci. Tattaunawar da aka yi kan ƙarfin lantarki ta bayyana cewa canje-canje a cikin ƙarfin lantarki yana faruwa ne lokacin da cajin lantarki ya ratsa ta cikin bambancin ƙarfin lantarki.

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Resistor wani ɓangare ne a cikin da'irar lantarki wanda ke sarrafa adadin wutar lantarki . Resistor da ake amfani da su a da'irar lantarki yawanci suna da siffar silinda tare da waya a ƙarshen biyu. Ana nuna ƙimar juriyar resistor ta lambar launi kuma ana nuna ta a saman resistor ɗin.

Ana iya tantance ƙimar juriyar resistor ta hanyar fassara lambar launi ta resistor . Don fahimtar wannan, da farko bincika teburin da ke ƙasa, sannan a yi nazarin matsalar misali don tantance ƙimar juriyar resistor.

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Tsarin Juriya da Wutar Lantarki

A cikin labarin da ke kan dokar Ohm, an samo wata dabara da ke bayyana alaƙar da ke tsakanin ƙarfin lantarki (V), wutar lantarki (I) da juriyar lantarki (R). A lissafi, ana bayyana ta ta hanyar lissafi:

Wannan lissafi ya nuna cewa juriyar lantarki (R) tana daidai gwargwado kai tsaye ga ƙarfin lantarki (V) kuma tana daidai gwargwado ga ƙarfin lantarki (I). Yayin da ƙarfin lantarki ya fi girma, ƙarfin juriya ya fi girma. Akasin haka, girman ƙarfin lantarki, ƙarfin juriya ya fi girma. Wannan lissafi yana bayyana dokar Ohm ne kawai lokacin da juriya (R) ta kasance mai daidaito. Idan juriya ba ta da daidaito, wannan lissafi ba ya bayyana dokar Ohm amma yana bayyana juriyar mai gudanarwa.

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Misalan Tambayoyi 5 na Tambayoyin da Zasu Iya Yi Wa Lantarki

1. Ƙayyade ƙarfin lantarki a wani wuri 1 cm daga cajin q = 5,0 μC. Madaidaitan Coulomb (k) = 9 x 10⁹ Nm²C^-2, 1 μC = 10^-6 C.
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Nisa daga caji (r) = 1 cm = 1/100 m = 0,01 m = 10^-2 m
Cajin (q) = 5,0 μC = 5,0 x 10^-6 Coulomb
An tambaya: Ƙarfin wutar lantarki (V)
Amsa:

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Misalai 11 na matsalolin capacitor - da'irori masu layi da layi ɗaya

1. Uku capacitor an haɗa shi cikin jerin layi-daidai kamar yadda yake a hoton da ke ƙasa. Idan C₁ = 2 μF, C₂ = 4 μF, C₃ = 4 μF, to ƙarfin maye gurbin shine…
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Capacitor C₁ = 2 μF
Capacitor C₂ = 4 μF
Capacitor C₃ = 4 μF
An tambaya: Ƙarfin maye gurbin (C)

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Misali na Tambayoyin Makamashi Mai Yiwuwa na Lantarki

1. Ana hanzarta wutar lantarki daga hutawa ta hanyar bambancin wutar lantarki na volts 12. Menene canjin makamashin wutar lantarki?
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Loda 1 na'urar lantarki (e) = -1,60 x 10^-19 Coulomb
Bambancin yuwuwar lantarki = ƙarfin lantarki (V) = Volts 12
An tambaya: Canji a cikin makamashin lantarki (ΔEP)
Amsa:
ΔEP = q V = (-1,60 x 10^-19 C)(12 V) = -19,2 x 10^-19 Joule
Alamar korau tana nufin makamashin wutar lantarki yana raguwa. Idan aka kusa da farantin da aka caji mara kyau, ƙarfin wutar lantarki na electron yana da matuƙar ƙarfi. Bayan isa kusa da farantin da aka caji mai kyau, ƙarfin wutar lantarki na electron yana da ƙarancin ƙarfi.

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Misalai 4 na Matsalolin Juyawar Lantarki

1. Filin lantarki na 8000 N/C daidai da murabba'in saman tare da faɗin saman mita 10². Ƙayyade kwararar wutar lantarki wanda ke ratsa saman murabba'i!
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Filin wutar lantarki (E) = 8000 N/C
Faɗin saman (A) = 10 m²
θ = 0^o (layukan filin lantarki sun yi daidai da layukan da suka dace)
An tambaya: Fitowar wutar lantarki (Φ)
Amsa:

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Misalan Matsalolin Momentum guda 7 na Angular

Momentum na Kungular

1. Wani abu yana da lokacin inertia 2 kg m² kuma yana juyawa akan wani tsayayyen axis tare da saurin kusurwa 1 rad/s. Nawa ne? ƙarfin kusurwa wannan abu?
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Lokacin inertia (I) = 2 kg m²
Gudun kusurwa (ω) = 1 rad/s
An tambaya: Motsin kusurwa (L)
Amsa:
Tsarin ƙarfin kusurwa:

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Misalai 5 na tambayoyin makamashin motsi na juyawa

1. Abu yana da lokacin inertia na 1 kg m ² yana juyawa akan wani tsayayyen axis tare da saurin kusurwa na 2 rad/s. Menene kuzarin motsi na juyawa na abu?

Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Lokacin inertia (I) = 1 kg m²
Gudun kusurwa (ω) = 2 rad/s
An tambaya: Makamashin motsi na juyawa (EK)
Amsa:
Tsarin makamashin motsi na juyawa:

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Misalai 5 na dokar Newton ta biyu ta motsi na juyawa

1. Ana naɗe igiyar a gefen silinda mai rami sannan a ja ƙarshen igiyar da ƙarfi F don silinda ta juya a kan axis ɗinta. Idan lokacin salo shine 2 Nm kuma lokacin inertia silinda shine 1 kg m², ƙayyade hanzarin kusurwa na silinda!
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Lokacin ƙarfi (τ) = 2 Nm
Lokacin inertia (I) = 1 kg m²
An tambaya: Haɓaka kusurwar silinda!
Amsa:
Tsarin doka ta biyu ta Newton don motsi na juyawa:

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