Misali na Tambayoyin Hadarin Momentum na Impulse Momentum

Misalan Tambayoyi 12 na Tambayoyin Motsin Karo na Karo

1. SAna harba harsashin roba mai siffar ƙwallo mai nauyin gram 40 a kwance zuwa bango kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton. Idan an jefa ƙwallon a daidai wannan gudun, to canjin saurin ƙwallon shinedallah…

A. 2 Ns

B. 3 Ns

C. 4 Ns

D. 5 Ns

E. 6 Ns

Tattaunawa

An sani cewa :

Nauyi (m) = gram 40 = 0,04 kg

Saurin farko (v _o ) = – 50 m/s

Saurin ƙarshe (v _t ) = 50 m/s

Alkiblar motsin ƙwallon (alkiblar gudu) akasin haka ne, saboda haka saurin farko da saurin ƙarshe suna da alamomi daban-daban.

An tambaya : nawa ne canjin da aka samu a saurin ƙwallon?

Amsa :

Tsarin canza yanayin motsi:

Δp = m (v _t – v _o ) = (0,04)(50 – (-50)) = (0,04)(50 + 50)

Δp = (0,04)(100) = Ns 4

Amsar da ta dace ita ce C.

2. Ana jefa ƙwallon roba mai nauyin gram 75 a kwance har sai ta bugi bango kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton. Idan ƙwallon roba ta dawo da sauri iri ɗaya, to girman bugun da ya biyo baya shine...

A. 0

B. 1,5 Ns

C. 3,0 Ns

D. 3,7 Ns

E. 5,5 Ns

Tattaunawa

An sani cewa :

Nauyin ƙwallon (m) = gram 75 = 0,075 kg

Saurin farko (v _o ) = -20 m/s

Saurin ƙarshe (v _t ) = 20 m/s

Alkiblar motsin ƙwallon (alkiblar gudu) akasin haka ne, saboda haka saurin farko da saurin ƙarshe suna da alamomi daban-daban.

An tambaya : ƙwazo

Amsa :

Impulse = canjin motsi

I = Δp

I = m (v _t – v _o ) = 0,075 (20 – (-20)) = 0,075 (20 + 20) = 0,075 (40)

I = 3 N

Ns yana nufin Newton na biyu.

Amsar da ta dace ita ce C.

3. Abubuwa biyu masu nauyi iri ɗaya suna tafiya a layi madaidaiciya zuwa ga juna kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton!

Idan v ₂ ' shine gudun abu (2) bayan karo a dama tare da gudun ms 5 ^-1 , to girman gudun v ₁ ' (1) bayan karo shine…..

A. 7 ms^-1

B. 9 ms ⁻¹

C. 13 ms ⁻¹

D. 15 ms ⁻¹

E. 17 ms ⁻¹

Tattaunawa

An san cewa:

Nauyin dukkan abubuwa guda biyu iri ɗaya ne = m

Gudun abu 1 kafin karo (v ₁ ) = 8 m/s

Saurin abu na 2 kafin karo (v ₂ ) = 10 m/s

Saurin abu na 2 bayan karo (v ₂ ') = 5 m/s

Tambaya: Gudun abu 1 bayan karo (v ₁ ')

Amsa:

Wannan karo ne na roba mara cikawa. Ana ƙididdige v ₁ ta amfani da dokar kiyaye ƙarfin motsi:

m ₁ v ₁ + m ₂ v ₂ = m ₁ v ₁ '+ m ₂ v ₂ '

m (v ₁ + v ₂ ) = m (v ₁ '+ v ₂ ')

v ₁ + v ₂ = v ₁ ' + v ₂ '

8 + 10 = v ₁ ' + 5

18 = v ₁ ' + 5

v ₁ ' = 18-5

v ₁ ' = 13 m/s

Amsar da ta dace ita ce C.

 

4. Kwallaye biyu, kowannensu da nauyi m ₁ = 2 kg da m ₂ = 1 kg, suna birgima a cikin alkibla daban-daban tare da gudu v ₁ = 2 m s ^-1 da v ₂ = 4 m s ^-1 kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa. Kwallaye biyun sai suka yi karo kuma bayan karo suka manne tare. Saurin kwallaye biyu bayan karo shine…

A. 2 ms^-1

B. 1,2 ms ^-1

C. 1 ms ^-1

D. 0,5 ms ^-1

E. sifili

Tattaunawa

An sani cewa :

Nauyin ƙwallon 1 (m1 ₎ = 2 kg

Nauyin ƙwallon 2 (m2 ₎ = 1 kg

Gudun ƙwallon 1 kafin karo (v ₁ ) = 2 m/s

Gudun ƙwallon 2 kafin karo (v ₂ ) = -4 m/s

Saurin gudu yana da kyau da mara kyau domin alkiblar motsin ƙwallon akasin haka ne. Alamun kyau da mara kyau suna nuna alkiblar motsin ƙwallon.

Tambaya : Gudun ƙwallon bayan karo (v')

Amsa :

Wannan tambayar ta shafi karo tsakanin inelastic da inelastic. A karo tsakanin inelastic da inelastic, dokar kiyaye makamashin motsi ba ta aiki, kuma dokar kiyaye motsi kawai take aiki. Ana ƙididdige saurin ƙwallon bayan karo ta amfani da dabarar dokar kiyaye motsi.

m ₁ v ₁ + m ₂ v ₂ = (m ₁ + m ₂ ) v'

(2)(2) + (1)(-4) = (2 + 1) v'

4 – 4 = (3) v'

0 = (3) v'

v' = 0

Amsar da ta dace ita ce E.

5. Kwallaye biyu A da B suna da irin wannan nauyi suna tafiya zuwa ga juna tare da saurin 4 ms ^-1 da 6 ms ^-1 bi da bi kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton! Dukansu sai su yi karo da roba, kuma saurin abu B bayan karo shine 4 ms ^-1 a akasin motsinsa na asali. Saurin ƙwallo A nan da nan bayan karo shine...

A. 2 ms^-1

B. 2,5 ms ^-1

C. 4 ms ^-1

D. 5 ms ^-1

E. 6 ms ^-1

Tattaunawa

An sani cewa :

Nauyin ƙwallon A (m _A ) = m

Nauyin ƙwallon B (m _B ) = m

Gudun ƙwallon A kafin karo (v _A ) = 4 m/s

Gudun ƙwallon B kafin karo (v _B ) = 6 m/s

Gudun ƙwallon B bayan karo (v _B ') = 4 m/s

Tambaya : Saurin ƙwallon A bayan karo (v _A ')

Amsa :

Idan abubuwa biyu da suka yi karo da juna suna da nauyin iri ɗaya, to bayan karo, abubuwa biyu suna musayar gudu.

Gudun ƙwallon A kafin karo (v _A ) = gudun ƙwallon B bayan karo (v _B ') = 4 m/s

Gudun ƙwallon B kafin karo (v _B ) = gudun ƙwallon A bayan karo (v _A ') = 6 m/s

Idan ƙwallon A ta motsa zuwa hagu kafin karo, to bayan karo, ƙwallon A ta motsa zuwa dama. Haka nan, idan ƙwallon B ta motsa zuwa dama kafin karo, to bayan karo, ƙwallon B ta motsa zuwa hagu. Don haka, a cikin karo mai laushi, alkiblar motsin abubuwa kafin da bayan karo yana akasin haka.

Amsar da ta dace ita ce E.

6. Abubuwa A da B, kowannensu yana da nauyin kilogiram 4 da kilogiram 5, suna motsawa a akasin haka kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton. Sannan suka yi karo kuma bayan karo, abubuwa biyu suna juyawa alkibla tare da saurin A = 4 ms ^-1 da saurin B = 2 ms ^-1 . Saboda haka, saurin abu B kafin karo shine...

A. 6,0 ms^-1

B. 3,0 ms ^-1

C. 1,6 ms ^-1

D. 1,2 ms ^-1

E. 0,4 ms ^-1

Tattaunawa

An sani cewa :

Nauyin abu A (mA ₎ = 4 kg

Nauyin abu B (m _B ) = 5 kg

Gudun abu A kafin karo (v _A ) = 6 m/s

Saurin abu A bayan karo (v _A ') = 4 m/s

Gudun abu B bayan karo (v _B ') = -2 m/s

Alamun da suka dace da marasa kyau suna bayyana akasin alkiblar motsin ƙwallon.

Tambaya : Saurin abu B kafin karo (v _B )

Amsa :

Ba a bayyana nau'in karo a cikin wannan matsalar ba. Duk da haka, bisa ga yawan da aka sani, an kammala da cewa wannan matsalar tana da alaƙa da karo mai laushi ko karo mai laushi wanda ba shi da cikakkiyar daidaito. A cikin karo mai laushi, dokar kiyaye makamashin motsi ba ta aiki; dokar kiyaye kuzari kawai take aiki. Ana ƙididdige saurin abu B kafin karo ta amfani da dokar kiyaye kuzari.

m _A v _A + m _B v _B = m _A v _A ' + m _B v _B '

(4)(6) + (5)(-2) = (4)(4) + (5)(v _B ')

24 – 10 = 16 + 5(v _B ')

14 – 16 = 5 (v _B ')

-2 = 5 (v _B ')

v _B ' = -2/5

v _B ' = -0,4

Alamar mara kyau tana nufin cewa alkiblar motsin abu B bayan karo yana akasin alkiblar abu kafin karo.

Amsar da ta dace ita ce E.

7. Ana jefar da ƙwallon gram 200 daga tsayin santimita 80 ba tare da saurin farko ba. Bayan buga ƙasa, ƙwallon ta dawo da sauri na 1 ms ^-1 (g = 10 ms ^-2 ). Girman bugun da ke kan ƙwallon shine…

A. 1,6 Ns

B. 1,5 Ns

C. 1,0 Ns

D. 0,8 Ns

E. 0,6 Ns

Tattaunawa

An san cewa:

Nauyin ƙwallon = gram 200 = 0,2 kg

Tsawo = 80 cm = 0,80 m

Saurin ƙwallon kafin ya buga ƙasa = ….

Saurin ƙwallon bayan ya buga ƙasa / ƙwallon yana tsalle = 1 m/s

Saurin gudu saboda nauyi (g) = 10 m/s ²

Tambaya: Girman motsin rai (I)

Amsa:

Saurin ƙwallon kafin ya buga ƙasa

Da farko ƙididdige saurin ƙwallon kafin ya faɗi ƙasa, ta amfani da dabarar motsi na faɗuwa kyauta.

An san cewa:

Tsawo (h) = 80 cm = 0,8 m

Saurin gudu saboda nauyi (g) = 10 m/s ²

Tambaya: Saurin ƙarshe (v _t )

Amsa:

v _t ² = 2 gh = 2(10)(0,8) = 2(8) = 16

v _t = √ 16 = 4 m/s

Girman bugun zuciya (I)

An san cewa:

Nauyin ƙwallon (m) = gram 200 = 0,2 kg

Saurin ƙwallon kafin ya buga ƙasa (v _o ) = -4 m/s

Saurin ƙwallon bayan ya buga ƙasa / ƙwallon yana tsalle (v _t ) = 1 m/s

Alkiblar motsin ƙwallon ko kuma alkiblar saurin ƙwallon ya bambanta, don haka ɗaya gudun yana da kyau, ɗayan kuma gudun yana da rashin kyau.

An tambaya: Impulse (I)

Amsa:

Ka'idar motsin motsin rai (pulse-momentum) ta bayyana cewa motsin rai = canji a cikin motsin rai. A lissafi:

I = Δp

I = m (v _t – v _o )

I = (0,2)(1– (-4))

I = (0,2)(1 + 4)

I = (0,2)(5)

I = 1 N

Amsar da ta dace ita ce C.

8. Kalli hoton da ke ƙasa!

Abubuwa biyu masu nauyin iri ɗaya m ₁ = m ₂ = 0,5 kg ana sakin su a lokaci guda daga tsayi ɗaya tare da hanyar da ta yi santsi mai siffar radius na mita 1/5. Idan abubuwa biyu suka yi karo da juna daidai gwargwado, to saurin kowane abu bayan karo shine… (g = 10 m s ^-1 )

A. v'₁ = -1 ms^-1 ; v'₂ = 2 ms^-1

B. v' ₁ = +1 ms ^-1 ; v' ₂ = -2 ms ^-1

C. v' ₁ = -2 ms ^-1 ; v' ₂ = +2 ms ^-1

D. v' ₁ = -2 ms ^-1 ; v' ₂ = +3 ms ^-1

E. v' ₁ = +3 ms ^-1 ; v' ₂ = -2 ms ^-1

Tattaunawa

An san cewa:

Nauyin abu (m) = m ₁ = m ₂ = 0,5 kg

Tsawon farko (h ₁ ) = mita 1/5

Tsayin ƙarshe (h ₂ ) = 0 (tushen hanya)

Saurin farko na abu (v ₁ ) = 0 (da farko abu yana hutawa)

Gudun ƙarshe na abu (v ₂ ) = …. (gudun abu a ƙasan hanyar = gudun abu kafin karo)

Saurin gudu saboda nauyi (g) = 10 m/s

Tambaya: Saurin kowane abu bayan karo

Amsa:

Gudun abin kafin karo

Da farko, ƙididdige saurin abu kafin karo ta amfani da dabarar dokar kiyaye makamashin inji . Gudun abu kafin karo = saurin abu lokacin da ya isa ƙasan hanyar = saurin abu na ƙarshe.

Makamashin injina na farko = Makamashin injina na ƙarshe

Makamashin ƙarfin nauyi + Makamashin motsi = Makamashin ƙarfin nauyi + Makamashin motsi

MG ₁ + 1/2 mv ₁ ² = MG ₂ + 1/2 mv ₂ ²

MG ₁ + 0 = 0 + 1/2 mv ₂ ²

MG ₁ = 1/2 mv ₂ ²

gh ₁ = 1/2 v ₂ ²

2 gh ₁ = v ₂ ²

2(10)(1/5) = v ₂ ²

2(2) = v ₂ ²

4 = v ₂ ²

v ₂ = √4

v ₂ = 2 m/s

Gudun kowane abu kafin karo = 2 m//s.

Saurin abin bayan karo

Lissafin saurin abubuwan bayan karo ta amfani da dabarar karo mai laushi.

A cikin karo mai laushi, idan tarin abubuwa biyu iri ɗaya ne kuma motsinsu akasin haka ne, to lokacin da suka yi karo, abubuwa biyun suna musayar gudu. Misali, kafin karo, abu A yana motsawa a 2 m/s kuma abu B yana motsawa a -4 m/s. Bayan karo, abu A yana motsawa a 4 m/s kuma abu B yana motsawa a -2 m/s. Alamun korau da masu kyau suna nuna cewa abubuwa biyu suna cikin alkibla daban-daban.

A cikin wannan tambayar, alkiblar motsi kafin karo ita ce akasin haka kuma gudun abubuwa biyu kafin karo shine m2/s don haka saurin abubuwa biyu bayan karo shi ma m2/s ne, amma alamun sun bambanta, ɗaya tabbatacce ɗayan kuma mara kyau ne.

Amsar da ta dace ita ce C.

9. Kalli hoton da ke ƙasa!

Abu A mai nauyin kilogiram 2 da abu B mai nauyin kilogiram 3 ana fitar da su daga tsakiyar da'irar 1/4 a lokaci guda ba tare da saurin farko ba. Duk abubuwan biyu suna ratsawa ta saman lanƙwasa mai santsi kuma suna karo a wurin C cikin tsari mai laushi (g = 10 ms ^-2 ). Gudun abubuwa A da B nan da nan bayan karo shine…

A. -2 ms^-1 da kuma -2 ms^-1

B. -3 ms ^-1 da 7 ms ^-1

C. -4 ms ^-1 da 7 ms ^-1

D. 4 ms ^-1 da -3 ms ^-1

E. 7 ms ^-1 da 3 ms ^-1

Tattaunawa

An san cewa:

Nauyin abu A (m ₁ ) = 2 kg

Nauyin abu B (m2 ₎ = 3 kg

Tsawon farko (h ₁ ) = mita 5

Tsayin ƙarshe (h ₂ ) = 0 (tushen hanya)

Saurin farko na abu (v ₁ ) = 0 (da farko abu yana hutawa)

Gudun ƙarshe na abu (v ₂ ) = …. (gudun abu a ƙasan hanyar = gudun abu kafin karo)

Saurin gudu saboda nauyi (g) = 10 m/s

Tambaya: Saurin kowane abu bayan karo

Amsa:

Gudun abin kafin karo

Da farko, a ƙididdige saurin abin kafin karo ta amfani da dokar kiyaye makamashin inji . Gudun abin kafin karo = saurin abin lokacin da ya kai ƙasan hanyar.

Makamashin injina na farko = Makamashin injina na ƙarshe

Makamashin ƙarfin nauyi = Makamashin motsi

MG ₁ = 1/2 mv ₂ ²

gh ₁ = 1/2 v ₂ ²

2 gh ₁ = v ₂ ²

2(10)(5) = v ₂ ²

100 = v ₂ ²

v ₂ = √100

v ₂ = 10 m/s

Saurin kowane abu kafin karo = 10 m/s. Nauyin abin ba ya shafar saurin ƙarshe.

Saurin abin bayan karo

Abubuwa biyu suna da nau'i daban-daban kuma suna motsawa a alkibla daban-daban don haka ana ƙididdige saurin kowane abu bayan karo ta amfani da wannan lissafi:

Saurin kowane abu nan da nan bayan karo:

10. Kwallaye biyu kowannensu suna da nauyin m₁ = 2 kg da m₂ = 1 kg na birgima a akasin alkibla tare da saurin v₁ = 2 ms^-1 kuma v₂ = 4 ms^-1 kamar yadda yake a hoton da ke ƙasa. Sai ƙwallayen biyu suka yi karo sannan bayan sun yi karo suka manne tare. Kecepatan kwallaye biyu bayan karo sune…

A. 2 ms^-1
B. 1,2 ms^-1
C. 1 ms^-1
D. 0,5 ms^-1
E. sifili

Tattaunawa
An sani :
Nauyin ƙwallon 1 (m)₁) = 2 kg
Nauyin ƙwallon 2 (m)₂) = 1 kg
Saurin ƙwallo 1 kafin karo (v)₁) = 2 m/s
Saurin ƙwallo 2 kafin karo (v)₂) = -4 m/s
Saurin gudu yana da kyau da mara kyau domin alkiblar motsin ƙwallon akasin haka ne. Alamun kyau da mara kyau suna nuna alkiblar motsin ƙwallon.
An tambaya Saurin ƙwallon bayan karo (v')
Jawab :

Wannan tambayar tana da alaƙa da karo mara sassauƙaA cikin karo mai rauni, dokar kiyaye makamashin motsi ba ta aiki kuma tana aiki ne kawai dokar kiyaye yanayin motsiAna ƙididdige saurin ƙwallon bayan karo ta amfani da dabarar dokar kiyaye ƙarfin gudu.
m₁ v₁ +m₂ v₂ = (m₁ +m₂) v'
(2)(2) + (1)(-4) = (2 + 1) v'
4 – 4 = (3) v'
0 = (3) v'
v' = 0
Amsar da ta dace ita ce E.

11. Kwallaye biyu A da B suna da nauyi iri ɗaya kuma suna tafiya zuwa ga juna a gudun 4 m/s.^-1 kuma 6 ms^-1 kamar yadda yake a hoton! Sai biyun sukakaro mai laushi daidai, kuma saurin abu B bayan karo shine 4 ms^-1 a akasin yadda motsinsa na farko yake. Gudun ƙwallon A nan da nan bayan karo shine…

A. 2 ms^-1
B. 2,5 ms^-1
C. 4 ms^-1
D. 5 ms^-1
E. 6 ms^-1

Tattaunawa
An sani :
Nauyin ƙwallon A (m)_A) = m
Nauyin ƙwallon B (m)_B) = m
Gudun ƙwallon A kafin karo (v)_A) = 4 m/s
Gudun ƙwallon B kafin karo (v)_B) = 6 m/s
Saurin ƙwallon B bayan karo (v)_B') = 4 m/s
An tambaya : Saurin ƙwallon A bayan karo (v_A')
Jawab :
Idan abubuwa biyu da suka yi karo da juna suna da nauyin iri ɗaya, to bayan karo, abubuwa biyu za su yi musayar nauyinsu. gudun.
Gudun ƙwallon A kafin karo (v)_A) = saurin ƙwallon B bayan karo (v_B') = 4 m/s
Gudun ƙwallon B kafin karo (v)_B) = saurin ƙwallon A bayan karo (v_A') = 6 m/s
Idan ƙwallon A ta motsa zuwa hagu kafin karo, to bayan karo, ƙwallon A ta motsa zuwa dama. Haka nan, idan ƙwallon B ta motsa zuwa dama kafin karo, to bayan karo, ƙwallon B ta motsa zuwa hagu. Don haka, a cikin karo mai laushi, alkiblar motsin abubuwa kafin da bayan karo yana akasin haka.
Amsar da ta dace ita ce E.

12. Abubuwa A da B, kowannensu yana da nauyin kilogiram 4 da kilogiram 5, suna motsawa a akasin haka kamar yadda aka nuna a hoton. Sannan suka yi karo kuma bayan karo, abubuwa biyu suna juyawa alkibla tare da saurin A = 4 ms.^-1 da kuma gudun B = 2 ms^-1, to saurin abu B kafin karo shine...
A. 6,0 ms^-1
B. 3,0 ms^-1
C. 1,6 ms^-1
D. 1,2 ms^-1
E. 0,4 ms^-1
Tattaunawa
An sani :
Nauyin abu A (m)_A) = 4 kg
Nauyin abu B (m)_B) = 5 kg
Gudun abu A kafin karo (v)_A) = 6 m/s
Saurin abu A bayan karo (v)_A') = 4 m/s
Saurin abu B bayan karo (v)_B') = -2 m/s
Alamun da suka dace da marasa kyau suna bayyana akasin alkiblar motsin ƙwallon.
An tambaya : Saurin abu B kafin karo (v)_B)
Jawab :
Ba a yi bayanin nau'in karo a cikin wannan tambayar ba. Duk da haka, bisa ga yawan da aka sani, za a iya kammala da cewa wannan tambayar ta shafi karo mai laushi ko karo mai laushi wanda ba shi da cikakkiyar daidaito. karo na roba wanda ba shi da wani tasiri Dokar kiyaye kuzarin motsi ba ta aiki kuma dokar kiyaye kuzarin motsi ce kawai ke aiki. Ana ƙididdige saurin abu B kafin karo ta amfani da lissafin dokar kiyaye kuzarin motsi.
m_A v_A +m_B v_B = m_A v_A'+ m_B v_B'
(4) (6) + (5) (-2) = (4) (4) + (5) (v_B')
24 – 10 = 16 + 5(v_B')
14 – 16 = 5 (v_B')
-2 = 5 (v_B')
v_B' = -2/5
v_B' = -0,4
Alamar mara kyau tana nufin cewa alkiblar motsin abu B bayan karo yana akasin alkiblar abu kafin karo.
Amsar da ta dace ita ce E.

 

Tushen tambaya:

Tambayoyin Nazarin Fizik na Ƙasa ga Makarantar Sakandare ta Babbar Sakandare/Makarantar Sakandare ta Sana'a