Ana kiran karo tsakanin abubuwa karo mai laushi daidai idan ƙarfin motsi da kuzarin motsi na kowane abu kafin karo sun yi daidai da ƙarfin motsi da kuzarin motsi na kowane abu bayan karo. A wata ma'anar, karo mai laushi yana faruwa. dokar kiyaye yanayin motsi da kuma dokar kiyaye kuzarin motsi. Amfani da kalmar roba yana nuna cewa bayan karo, abubuwa biyu ba sa haɗuwa su zama ɗaya ko kuma su manne tare amma suna tsalle.
Ana kiyaye ƙarfin kowane abu:
Ana kiyaye kuzarin motsi na kowane abu:
Cacar roba mai kyau dole ne ta kasance shiru kuma ba ta haifar da zafi ba saboda gogayya tsakanin abubuwan da ke karo. Idan karo tsakanin abubuwa biyu yana haifar da sauti da zafi, to ba a kiyaye kuzarin motsi na abubuwan ba. Baya ga canzawa zuwa sauti da zafi, wasu kuzarin motsi ana canza su zuwa makamashin ciki. Misalin karo mai kyau mai laushi shine karo tsakanin barbashi na atomic da subatomic.
A cikin matsalar karo mai laushi, idan an san saurin farko amma ba a san saurin ƙarshe ba, ba za a iya magance matsalar ta amfani da daidaito 1.5 da 1.6 kawai ba. Saboda haka, ana sake sarrafa daidaito biyu da ke sama don samun wani daidaito wanda za a iya amfani da shi don tantance saurin ƙarshe.
Cire factor ½ sannan a yi amfani da lissafin 1.6.
Sarrafa lissafi 1.5
Raba lissafin 1.7 da lissafin 1.8 domin samun sakamakon ƙarshe.
Ana iya amfani da daidaito 1.5 da 1.9 don magance matsalolin karo mai laushi daidai. Haɗa daidaito 1.5 da 1.9 don samun daidaito biyu don tantance saurin ƙarshe na abubuwa biyu idan kawai an san yawansu da saurin farko.
Lokacin magance matsaloli ta amfani da lissafin da ke sama, yi amfani da alamar da ta dace don v.1 kuma v2Idan abu na 1 ya matsa zuwa dama to v1 tabbatacce idan abu na 2 ya koma hagu to v2 korau. Idan abubuwa biyu suna motsawa a akasin alkibla amma ba a bayyana alkiblar motsi ba to v1 kuma v2 dole ne a ba shi wata alama daban, misali v1 tabbatacce kuma v2 korau.
1. Nauyin dukkan abubuwa guda biyu iri ɗaya ne
Idan m1 = m2 sannan v1' = v2 kuma v2' = v1.
Me zai faru idan abubuwa biyu suka yi tafiya a akasin haka? Misali, idan kafin karo abu na 1 ya koma dama kuma abu na 2 ya koma hagu, to bayan karo abu na 1 ya koma hagu (v)1' = – v2) kuma abu na 2 yana motsawa zuwa dama (v2' = v1).
Me zai faru idan ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan ya kasance a wurin? Misali, idan kafin karo, abubuwa biyu suna nan (v)2 = 0) to bayan karo abu na 1 har yanzu yana nan (v1' = 0) da abu na 2 suna motsawa a daidai lokacin da farkon saurin abu na 1 (v2' = v1) Idan kafin karo, abu na 1 ya matsa zuwa dama, to bayan karo, abu na 2 ya matsa zuwa dama. Don haka abubuwa biyu suna musayar gudu.
Misalin matsalar.
1. Abubuwa biyu A (2 kg) da B (2 kg) suna tafiya a akasin haka tare da saurin 4 m/s da 2 m/s bi da bi. Idan abu A ya ci karo da abu B ta hanyar da ta dace, menene saurin ƙarshe na abu A da abu B?
Tattaunawa
An sani :
mA = 2 kg, mB = 2kg
vA = 4 m/s, vB = -2 m/s
An tambaya ku: vA'da kuma vB'
Jawab :
vA' = -2 m/s da vB' = 4 m/s
Bayan karo, abu A yana tafiya da sauri na 2 m/s, abu B kuma yana tafiya da sauri na 4 m/s, inda alkiblar motsin abubuwa biyu take akasin haka. Idan kafin karo, abu A yana tafiya zuwa dama, abu B kuma yana tafiya zuwa hagu, to bayan karo, abu A yana tafiya zuwa hagu, abu B kuma yana tafiya zuwa dama.
2. Abu A (2 kg) yana motsawa zuwa dama da gudun mita 2/s kuma ya yi karo da abu B (2 kg) wanda har yanzu yana nan. Idan abubuwa biyu suka yi karo da juna ta hanyar roba, menene saurin ƙarshe na abu A da abu B?
Tattaunawa
An sani :
mA = 2 kg, mB = 2kg
vA = 2 m/s, vB = 0m/s
An tambaya ku: vA'da kuma vB'
Jawab :
vA' = 0 da vB' = 2 m/s
Bayan karo, abu A yana nan a tsaye, abu B kuma yana tafiya zuwa dama da gudun mita 2/s.
2. Yawan abubuwa biyu sun bambanta
Idan abubuwa biyu suna da saurin farko da taro daban-daban (bambancin ƙarami ne), to ana sanin saurin ƙarshe ta amfani da lissafi 1.10 da 1.11.
Idan abu na 2 da farko yana tsaye (v)2 = 0) sannan lissafi 1.10 canje-canje ga lissafi 1.12 da lissafi 1.11 canje-canje ga lissafi 1.13.
Idan v2 = 0, m1 girma sosai, m2 ƙarami sosai sannan ta hanyar warware daidaito 1.12 da 1.13 mun sami v1' = v1 kuma v2' = 2v1Idan v2 = 0, m1 ƙanana sosai, m2 yana da girma sosai, don haka ta hanyar warware daidaito 1.12 da 1.13 mun sami v1' = -v1 kuma v2' = 0. Alamomi masu kyau da marasa kyau suna nuna akasin alkiblar motsi na abu.
Misalin matsalar.
1. Wani abu mai nauyin kilogiram 1 yana tafiya a gudun mita 20/s yana bugun bango daidai gwargwado. Menene saurin ƙarshe na abin da bangon?
Tattaunawa
An sani :
mA = 1 kg, vA = 20 m/s, mB = babba sosai kuma vB = 0
An tambaya ku: vA'da kuma vB'
Jawab :
vA' = -20 m/s
vB' = 0
Bayan karo, abu A yana tsalle da gudu na m20/s kuma abu B yana tsayawa. Idan kafin karo abin A ya matsa zuwa dama, to bayan karo abin A ya matsa zuwa hagu.
