Misalai 6 na tambayoyin makamashin lantarki
1. Ɗalibi yana kunna talabijin na tsawon awanni 6 a kowace rana. Ana haɗa talabijin ɗin da wutar lantarki mai ƙarfin Volt 220, don haka wutar lantarki da ke gudana a cikin talabijin ɗin ita ce 0,5 Ampere. Idan PLN ta saita kuɗin fito a Rp. 600,00/kWh, to farashin amfani da talabijin na tsawon wata 1 (kwanaki 30) shine….
A. Rp. 9.900,00
B. Rp. 11.880,00
C. Rp. 19.800,00
D. Rp. 23.760,00
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Lokacin amfani da talabijin = awanni 6 x 30 = awanni 180
Wutar lantarki (V) = Volts 220
Ƙarfin halin yanzu (I) = 0,5 Ampere
Kudin wutar lantarki = Rp. 600,00 / kWh
Tambaya: Kudin amfani da wutar lantarki ga talabijin na tsawon wata 1 (kwana 30)
Amsa:
Ikon talabijin:
P = VI = (220 Volt) (0,5 Ampere) = 110 Volt Ampere = 110 Watt
Makamashin lantarki = wutar lantarki x tazara lokaci
Wutar lantarki ta talabijin = Watt 110 x Sa'o'i 180 = Sa'o'i 19800 Watt = Sa'o'i 19,8 Watt = Sa'o'i 19,8 Watt = Sa'o'i 19,8 Watt = 19.8 kWh
Kudin amfani da wutar lantarki don talabijin na tsawon wata 1:
19,8 kWh x Rp. 600,00 / kWh = Rp. 11.880,00
Amsar da ta dace ita ce B.
2. A cikin gida, akwai fitilu 4 masu ƙarfin 20W, fitilu 2 masu ƙarfin 10W, da fitilu 3 masu ƙarfin 40W waɗanda ake kunna su na tsawon awanni 5 kowace rana. Idan farashin wutar lantarki a kowace kWh shine Rp 500,00, to farashin da dole ne a biya cikin wata 1 (kwana 30) shine...
A. Rp. 5.625,00
B. Rp. 7.500,00
C. Rp. 12.750,00
D. Rp. 16.500,00
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Fitilun Watt 4 masu watt 20 = Watt 4 x 20 = Watt 80
Fitilun Watt 2 masu watt 10 = Watt 2 x 10 = Watt 20
Fitilun Watt 3 masu watt 40 = Watt 3 x 40 = Watt 120
Jimlar ƙarfi (W) = Watts 80 + Watts 20 + Watts 120 = Watts 220
Tazarar lokaci (t) = awanni 5 x 30 = awanni 150
Farashin wutar lantarki a kowace kWh = Rp. 500,00
An tambaya: Kudin da dole ne a biya cikin wata 1
Amsa:
Makamashin lantarki = Ƙarfin lantarki x Tazarar lokaci = Watt 220 x Sa'o'i 150 = Sa'o'i 33000 Watt = Sa'o'i 33 Watt = Sa'o'i 33 Watt = Sa'o'i 33 Watt = 33 kWh
Kudaden da za a biya:
(33 kWh) (Rp 500,00/kWh) = Rp 16.500
Amsar da ta dace ita ce D.
3. Gidan Mista Budi yana amfani da kayan lantarki waɗanda suka ƙunshi fitilu 3 na 20 W kowannensu, fitilu 3 na 40 W kowannensu, waɗanda duk ana amfani da su na tsawon awanni 12 a rana. Ana amfani da famfon ruwa guda ɗaya mai 250 W na tsawon awanni 4 a rana, kuma ana amfani da ƙarfe mai 300 W na tsawon awanni 2 a rana. Idan kuɗin wutar lantarki shine Rp. 600,00 / kWh, kuɗin wutar lantarki da Mista Budi dole ne ya biya na wata 1 (kwana 30) shine…..
A. Rp. 57.680,00
B. Rp. 59,680.00
C. Rp. 64.820,00
D. Rp. 67.680,00
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Ƙarfin fitila = 3 (Watt 20) + 3 (Watt 40) = Watt 60 + Watt 120 = Watt 180 da lokacin amfani da fitila = awanni 12 x 30 = awanni 360
Ƙarfin famfon ruwa = Watts 250 da lokacin amfani da famfon ruwa = awanni 4 x 30 = awanni 120
Ƙarfin ƙarfe = Watts 300 da lokacin amfani da ƙarfe = Awa 2 x 30 = Awa 60
Kudin wutar lantarki Rp. 600,00 / kWh
Tambaya: Za a biya kuɗin wata ɗaya (kwana 30)
Amsa:
Makamashin lantarki = wutar lantarki x lokaci
Ƙarfin fitila = (Watt 180)(Awannin 360) = Awannin Watt 64.800 = Awannin Watt kilo 64,8
Makamashin famfon ruwa = (Watt 250)(awanni 120) = awannin Watt 30.000 = awannin Watt 30
Makamashin ƙarfe = (Watt 300)(awanni 60) = awannin Watt 18.000 = awannin Watt kilo 18
Jimlar makamashin lantarki da aka yi amfani da shi = 64,8 + 30 + 18 = 112,8 kilogiram na awa na Watt = 112,8 kilogiram na awa na Watt = 112,8 kWh.
Kudin da za a biya na wata ɗaya = (112,8 kWh)( Rp. 600,00 / kWh) = Rp. 67.680
Amsar da ta dace ita ce D.
4. Gida yana amfani da waɗannan kayan lantarki na yau da kullun...
Nawa ne makamashin lantarki da ake amfani da shi a cikin wata 1 (kwana 30)?
A. 146 kWh
B. 78 kWh
C. 52 kWh
D. 26 kWh
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Ƙarfin fitilar da ke ƙonewa = Watt 5 x 20 = Watt 100 da lokacin amfani da fitilar da ke ƙonewa = Awa 12 x 30 = Awa 360
Ƙarfin fitilar Neon = Watt 6 x 10 = Watt 60 da lokacin amfani da fitilar incandescent = awanni 10 x 30 = awanni 300
Wutar talabijin = Watt 1 x 80 = Watt 80 da lokacin amfani da talabijin = Awa 10 x 30 = Awa 300
Tambaya: Nawa ne makamashin lantarki da ake amfani da shi tsawon kwanaki 30?
Amsa:
Makamashin lantarki = wutar lantarki x tazara lokaci
Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na fitilar wutar lantarki = Watt 100 x awanni 360 = awanni 36.000 Watt = awanni 36 Watt = awanni 36 Watt = 36 kWh
Ƙarfin wutar lantarki na fitilar neon = Watt 60 x Sa'o'i 300 = Sa'o'i 18.000 Watt = Sa'o'i 18 Watt = 18 kWh
Wutar lantarki ta talabijin = Watt 80 x Sa'o'i 300 = Sa'o'i 24.000 Watt = Sa'o'i 24 Watt = 24 kWh
Jimlar makamashin lantarki = 36 kWh + 18 kWh + 24 kWh = 78 kWh
kWh = kilo Watt awa = kilo Watt awa
Amsar da ta dace ita ce B.
5. Kalli hoton na'urar lantarki da ke ƙasa! An rubuta wutar lantarki ta na'urar a cikin hoton kuma an yi amfani da na'urar na tsawon mintuna 30, sannan adadin wutar lantarki da aka yi amfani da shi shine…..
A. kilojoules 396
B. Kilogiram 540 na Joule
C. Kilogiram 600 na Juule
D. Kilogiram 900 na nauyi
Tattaunawa
An san cewa:
Ƙarfin wutar lantarki (P) = Watt 300 = Joules 300 / daƙiƙa
Tazarar lokaci (t) = minti 30 = daƙiƙa 30 (daƙiƙa 60) = daƙiƙa 1800
Tambaya: Nawa ne makamashin lantarki ake amfani da shi?
Amsa:
Matsakaicin ƙarfin Joules 300 a kowace daƙiƙa yana nufin ƙarfen yana amfani da Joules 300 na makamashi a kowace daƙiƙa. Idan aka yi amfani da shi na daƙiƙa 1800, ƙarfen yana amfani da Joules 540.000 na makamashin lantarki = kilojoules 540.
Amsar da ta dace ita ce B.
6. Iyali suna amfani da wutar lantarki na tsawon wata ɗaya (kwana 30) don kayan lantarki kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin tebur mai zuwa!
Wutar lantarki ta injin wanki, TV da AC ita ce…
Tattaunawa
Makamashin wutar lantarki na injin wanki = 12 kWh = awanni 12.000 Watts, lokacin amfani = awanni 2 x 30 = awanni 60
Wutar lantarki ta talabijin = 19,2 kWh = awanni 19.200 na Watts, lokacin amfani = awanni 8 x 30 = awanni 240
Makamashin wutar lantarki na AC = 72 kWh = awanni 72.000 na Watts, lokacin amfani = awanni 6 x 30 = awanni 180
Wutar lantarki = makamashin lantarki / lokaci
Ƙarfin injin wanki = awanni 12.000 Watt / awanni 60 = Watts 200
Wutar TV = awanni 19.200 na Watt / awanni 240 = Watts 80
Ƙarfin AC = awanni 72.000 Watt / awanni 180 = Watts 400
Amsar da ta dace ita ce B.
Tushen tambaya:
Tambayoyin Jarrabawar Ƙasa ta Kimiyya ta Makarantar Sakandare/Makarantar Sakandare ta Musulunci
