Ukuphathwa Kobuhlungu Ngesikhathi Sokubeletha
Ukubeletha kuyinqubo yemvelo neyinkimbinkimbi eyenzeka kwabesifazane abakhulelwe ngesikhathi sokuzalwa komntwana. Nakuba okuhlangenwe nakho komama ngamunye okhulelwe kungase kuhluke, into eyodwa evamile ukuzwa ubuhlungu bokubeletha. Ubuhlungu bokubeletha buyinto eyenzeka ngokomzwelo nangokwemizwa engaqondakali. Nakuba kuyingxenye evamile yenqubo yokubeletha, ubuhlungu bokubeletha obungalawulwa kahle bungabangela ukuhlukumezeka, ukukhathala okukhulu, kanye nezinye izinkinga kumama nomntwana. Ngakho-ke, ukuqonda ukuphathwa kobuhlungu bokubeletha kubalulekile ekunciphiseni ukungakhululeki nokuthuthukisa ulwazi lokubeletha oluphelele.
Ukuphathwa kobuhlungu ngesikhathi sokubeletha kungahlukaniswa ngezigaba ezimbili ezibanzi: okungezona ezemithi kanye nezemithi. Zombili zinezinzuzo kanye nokungalungi kwazo, kuye ngesimo sikamama kanye nezinto azikhethayo.
Ukuphathwa Kobuhlungu Okungeyona Eyemithi
Izindlela ezingezona ezemithi zihlose ukunikeza induduzo ngaphandle kokusebenzisa imithi. Ngokuvamile ziyisinqumo sokuqala komama abaningi ngoba abanayo imiphumela emibi yemithi. Lezi zindlela zifaka phakathi amasu okuphumula , izindlela zokucabanga, kanye namasu angokomzimba nawendawo ezungezile.
1. Amasu Okuphumula Nokuphefumula: Enye yezindlela ezisetshenziswa kakhulu amasu okuphumula nokuphefumula. Ukuzivocavoca kokuphefumula kungasiza ekunciphiseni ukucindezeleka futhi kwandise ukulawula kukamama umzimba wakhe. Amasu anjengokuphefumula kancane, okungajulile, kanye nokubona ngeso lengqondo kusiza ukuphazamisa ubuhlungu futhi kunikeze umuzwa wokulawula.
2. Ukusekelwa Okungokomzwelo Nokwenyama: Ukuba khona komuntu ozalelwe naye, kungaba umyeni, i-doula, noma elinye ilungu lomndeni, kunganikeza ukwesekwa okungokomzwelo nangokomzimba. Ucwaningo lubonisa ukuthi ukwesekwa okuqhubekayo ngesikhathi sokubeletha kunganciphisa isidingo sokungenelela kwezokwelapha futhi kuthuthukise isipiliyoni sokubeletha.
3. Ukuhlikihla kanye nokushaya i-acupuncture: Lezi zindlela zingasiza ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu kanye nokucindezeleka kwemisipha. Ukuhlikihla umhlane ongezansi noma ezinye izindawo eziqinile ngesikhathi sokuquleka kunganciphisa ubuhlungu. Ukuhlikihla i-acupuncture, okuhlanganisa ukufaka izinaliti ezincane ezindaweni ezithile emzimbeni, kuye kwabonakala kusebenza kahle ekunciphiseni ubuhlungu bokubeletha.
4. Ukwelashwa ngamanzi: Ukucwilisa emanzini afudumele noma ukugeza kungasiza ekuphumzeni imisipha nokunciphisa ukucindezeleka ngesikhathi sokuqala kokubeletha. Izibhedlela eziningi manje zinikeza amabhavu akhethekile okubeletha ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nalesi sidingo.
5. Amasu Okucabanga: Lezi zindlela zifaka phakathi ukulalela umculo, ukuzindla, noma ngisho ne-hypnosis ukusiza omama ukuthi bazisuse ebuhlungwini. Lezi zindlela zihlose ukushintsha ukugxila ebuhlungwini kuye kokuthile okuzolisayo nokujabulisayo.
Ukuphathwa Kobuhlungu Kwemithi
Nakuba izindlela ezingezona ezemithi zingaba zisebenza kahle kakhulu, abanye omama bangadinga izindlela zemithi ukuze baphathe ubuhlungu babo. Le ndlela ihilela ukusetshenziswa kwemithi eyenzelwe ukunciphisa noma ukuqeda ubuhlungu. Ezinye izinketho ezivamile zifaka:
1. I-Epidural: Lena enye yezindlela eziphumelela kakhulu nezithandwayo zokuqeda ubuhlungu bokubeletha. Le nqubo ihilela ukunikeza umuthi wokubulala izinzwa wendawo ozungeze imizwa emgogodleni ukuze kuncishiswe ubuhlungu emzimbeni ongezansi. Nakuba isebenza kahle kakhulu, i-epidural ingaba nemiphumela emibi njengokwehlisa umfutho wegazi, okubangela ukuthuthumela, noma ukwandisa isigaba sesibili sokubeletha.
2. Ama-Systemic Analgesics: Lawa ama-painkiller anikezwa ngomjovo noma nge-IV. Asebenza kuwo wonke umzimba futhi anganikeza impumuzo ebuhlungwini obuphakathi kuya kobunzima. Kodwa-ke, ngoba le mithi ingena egazini, ingathinta nengane, ngakho-ke ukusetshenziswa kwayo kuvame ukuqashelwa eduze ngabasebenzi bezokwelapha.
3. Ukuphefumulela i-Nitrous Oxide: Le gesi, eyaziwa nangokuthi "igesi ehlekayo," ingasetshenziswa esigabeni sokuqala sokubeletha. Ukuphefumulela i-nitrous oxide kusiza ukunciphisa ubuhlungu nokukhathazeka ngaphandle kokuthinta ngokuphelele ingqondo kamama. Nakuba ingabuqedi ngokuphelele ubuhlungu, le ndlela isebenza kahle ngokwanele ukunikeza induduzo eyengeziwe ngaphandle kwemiphumela emibi ebalulekile.
4. Ama-Paracervical kanye nama-Pudendal Blocks: Lezi izinhlobo zemithi yokubulala izinzwa yendawo ejovwa eduze komlomo wesibeletho noma indawo ye-pudendal ukunciphisa ubuhlungu kuleyo ndawo. Ama-Paracervical blocks avame ukusetshenziswa ngesikhathi sokuqala sokubeletha, kuyilapho ama-pudendal blocks evame ukusetshenziswa ngaphambi nangesikhathi sokubeletha ukuze kuncishiswe ubuhlungu ezindaweni zesitho sangasese sowesifazane kanye ne-perineal.
5. I-Spine Anesthesia: Njenge-epidural, i-spinal anesthesia inikeza ukukhululeka kobuhlungu ngokushesha futhi ivame ukusetshenziselwa ukubeletha ngokuhlinzwa. Imiphumela emibi ihlanganisa ikhanda elibuhlungu ngemva kwe-anesthesia kanye nokwehla kwamandla omzimba.
Izici Ezithonya Izinketho Zokuphatha Ubuhlungu
Izinketho zokulawula ubuhlungu ngesikhathi sokubeletha zincike ezintweni ezahlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa okuthandwa ngumama, izimo zezokwelapha eziyisisekelo, kanye nentuthuko yokubeletha. Umama ngamunye unokubekezelela ubuhlungu okuhlukile, futhi okusebenza komunye umama kungase kungasebenzeli omunye.
1. Izimo Zezokwelapha Zomama Nezengane: Izimo ezithile, njengomfutho wegazi ophakeme noma i-preeclampsia, zingathinta izinketho zokulawula ubuhlungu. Isibonelo, ezimweni ze-preeclampsia, ukuphathwa komfutho wegazi kubalulekile, futhi izinketho ezifana ne-epidural zinganconywa.
2. Ukuqhubekela Phambili Kokubeletha: Isigaba sokubeletha okuso njengamanje sidlala indima ebalulekile ekulawuleni ubuhlungu. Ezigabeni zokuqala zokubeletha, izindlela ezingezona ezemithi zingase zisebenze kangcono, kanti ezigabeni zakamuva noma ngesikhathi sokubeletha okusebenzayo, izindlela zemithi zingase zibaluleke kakhulu.
3. Okuthandwayo Kumama: Okuthandwa ngumama kanye nezindinganiso zakhe kubalulekile ekunqumeni izinketho zokulawula ubuhlungu. Abanye omama bangase bakhethe indlela yemvelo futhi bagweme imithi, kanti abanye bangase bamukele ukwesekwa kwemithi.
4. Okuhlangenwe nakho Nokulungiselela: Omama abalungiselele kahle, kungaba ngezifundo zokubeletha noma izincwadi, bangase bazizwe beqiniseka kakhulu ekwenzeni izinqumo mayelana nokuphathwa kobuhlungu.
Isiphetho
Ukuphathwa kobuhlungu ngesikhathi sokubeletha kuyisici esibalulekile sohambo lokubeletha esingathinta impilo kanye nenhlalakahle kamama nomntwana. Izindlela ezingezona ezemithi kanye nezemithi ngayinye zinendima ehambisanayo. Ukusekelwa kochwepheshe bezempilo abaqeqeshiwe, ukulungiselela okuphelele, kanye nokubandakanyeka kukamama ekwenzeni izinqumo kuzosiza ekudaleni isipiliyoni sokubeletha esihle nesigculisayo. Ekugcineni, umgomo wokugcina ukuqinisekisa ukuthi umama uthola ukubeletha okuphephile, okukhululekile, nokunempilo, okuhlinzeka ngesisekelo esiqinile sempilo entsha ezayo.
