Indawo

Indawo yase-Indonesia esekelwe ezindaweni zesikhathi: I-Indonesia yaziwa njengesizwe esikhulu kunazo zonke emhlabeni esinezindawo zasolwandle. Inwebeka izinkulungwane zamakhilomitha ukusuka entshonalanga kuya empumalanga, iwela i-equator, futhi izungezwe izilwandle ezimbili namazwekazi amabili. Enye yezindlela ezilula zokuqonda indawo enkulu yase-Indonesia ngokusebenzisa izindawo zayo zesikhathi. Izindawo zesikhathi aziwona nje amawashi; zona... Funda kabanzi

Umehluko Phakathi Kobumba Nomhlabathi Wesihlabathi Inhlabathi ingenye yezinto ezibaluleke kakhulu empilweni, isebenza njengendawo yokukhulisa izitshalo, indawo yokuhlala yezinto eziphilayo, futhi isekela imisebenzi eyahlukahlukene yabantu njengezolimo nokwakha. Phakathi kwezinhlobo ezahlukene zenhlabathi, ezimbili zezindawo okuxoxwa ngazo kakhulu ubumba nomhlabathi wesihlabathi. Zombili zinezici ezihlukile… Funda kabanzi

Uhlelo Lomnotho Lomhlaba kanye Nesimo Salo Sezwe Uhlelo lomnotho womhlaba luyinethiwekhi enkulu exhumanisa ukukhiqizwa, ukusatshalaliswa, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwezimpahla nezinsizakalo kuwo wonke amazwe. Le nethiwekhi ayizimele yodwa; ithonywa kakhulu yindawo—indawo, isimo sezulu, izinsiza zemvelo, ukuma komhlaba, ukufinyelela olwandle, ubuningi babantu, ngisho nengozi yezinhlekelele. Indawo yezwe inikeza isifunda ngasinye izinzuzo zaso zokuqhathanisa… Funda kabanzi

Ukuphathwa Kwezindawo Zokuhlala Kwezindawo I-watershed (DAS) yindawo yomhlaba ezungezwe yizintaba noma imimango, lapho amanzi emvula eqoqwa khona, amuncwe, futhi ekugcineni adluliselwe ngenethiwekhi yemifula aye endaweni eyodwa efana nechibi, ichibi, noma ulwandle. Ngokwesimo sentuthuko esimeme, i-watershed akuyona nje indawo yemvelo, kodwa uhlelo… Funda kabanzi

Ithonya Lokuhwebelana Komhlaba Ku-Jografi Yezombusazwe Ukuhwebelana komhlaba wonke kube ngenye yamandla amakhulu akha ukuguquguquka komhlaba wanamuhla. Akukhona nje ukwanda kokuhweba kwamazwe ngamazwe noma ukushintshana ngamasiko, kodwa kunalokho inqubo eyinkimbinkimbi exhumanisa izifunda emhlabeni wonke ngokuhamba kwezimpahla, abantu, ulwazi, imali, kanye nemibono. Kulesi simo, i-jografi yezombusazwe—igatsha lesayensi elifunda ubudlelwano phakathi… Funda kabanzi

Ithonya Lezenhlalo Ku-Geography Yesifunda I-Geography ivame ukuqondwa njengokutadisha ubuso bomhlaba, izimo zomhlaba, isimo sezulu, kanye nokusatshalaliswa kwezinsiza. Kodwa-ke, i-geography ayikaze "ingathathi hlangothi" ngempela kubantu. Imisebenzi yezenhlalo—izindlela zokuphila, izindinganiso, amasiko, amaphethini okuziphilisa, ngisho nezinhlelo zokukholelwa—ingabumba isikhala, ishintshe izindawo, futhi inqume ukuthi isifunda sithuthuka kanjani. Ngakho-ke, ubudlelwano... Funda kabanzi

Izici Zomhlabathi we-Podzolic Nokusetshenziswa Kwawo Umhlabathi we-Podzolic uhlobo lomhlabathi oluvame ukutholakala ezindaweni ezishisayo ezinomswakama, okuhlanganisa ne-Indonesia. Ekuhlukanisweni kwenhlabathi yase-Indonesia, igama elithi "umhlabathi we-podzolic" livame ukubhekisela ku-Red-Yellow Podzolic (PMK), ohlelweni lokuhlukanisa lwamazwe ngamazwe oluvame ukuhlotshaniswa ne-Ultisols (futhi ngaphansi kwezimo ezithile ingahlangana ne-Spodosols, yize... Funda kabanzi

Ayini Amaphethini Okugeleza Komfula Nezinhlobo Zawo? Imifula iyisici esibalulekile sendawo. Ngaphandle kokusebenza njengemithombo yamanzi, imizila yezokuthutha, kanye nokusekelwa kwe-ecosystem, imifula iphinde igcine ulwazi mayelana ne-geology kanye ne-topography yesifunda. Enye indlela "yokufunda" isimo sesifunda phakathi kwemifula ukubuka amaphethini okugeleza komfula. Kusukela... Funda kabanzi

Izici Ezithonya Amaphethini Esimo Sezulu Isimo sezulu yisimo somkhathi endaweni ethile nesikhathi esithile, esingashintsha phakathi namahora noma izinsuku. Okwamanje, iphethini yesimo sezulu ibhekisela ekuthambekeleni noma ukulandelana kwezinguquko zesimo sezulu eziphindaphindayo, njengezinkathi zemvula nezomile, izikhathi zemimoya enamandla, noma ukulandelana kwezinsuku ezishisayo nezomile. Ukuqonda izici ezithonya… Funda kabanzi

Izindlela Zokuhlaziya Isikhala Ezifundweni Zendawo Ukuhlaziywa kwendawo kuyisisekelo esibalulekile ezifundweni zezindawo ngoba kusiza ukuqonda ukuthi izinto zenzeka kanjani, zisakazeka kanjani, zihlobana kanjani, futhi zishintsha kanjani esikhaleni. Ngokungafani nokuhlaziywa kwezibalo "okuvamile", okuvame ukunganaki indawo kanye nokusondela kwezinto, ukuhlaziywa kwendawo kubeka indawo njengento eguquguqukayo ebalulekile. Ngale ndlela, i-geography iyakwazi ukuchaza hhayi nje kuphela... Funda kabanzi