Kuongorora Network neWireshark
Kuongorora network yemakomputa inzira yakakosha yekutarisira nekugadzirisa zvivakwa zvemazuva ano zveIT. Nekuwedzera kwekusagadzikana kwezvivakwa zvenetwork, kudiwa kwezvishandiso zvekuongorora zvinovimbika uye zvinoshanda kuri kuramba kuchikurumidza. Chimwe chezvishandiso zvakakurumbira zvekuongorora network iWireshark, software ine simba uye inoshanda zvakasiyana-siyana. Chinyorwa chino chichakurukura Wireshark, maficha ayo, uye mashandisirwo ayo pakuongorora network.
Chii chinonzi Wireshark?
Wireshark isoftware yekuongorora mapaketi enetwork inovhura-source inobvumira vashandisi kutora nekuongorora traffic yenetwork zvakadzama. Yakagadzirwa naGerald Combs muna 1998, Wireshark yaimbozivikanwa seEthereal. NeWireshark, vashandisi vanogona kuona paketi yega yega yedata inopfuura nepanetiweki, zvichivabvumira kuongorora matambudziko ekushanda kwenetwork, kuona kutyorwa kwekuchengetedzwa, uye kunzwisisa mashandiro anoita maprotocol akasiyana-siyana enetwork.
Zvimiro zveWireshark uye Mabhenefiti
1. Kuongorora Kwakadzama:
Wireshark inogona kuongorora mazana ezvirongwa zvakasiyana zve network uye inogara ichivandudzwa nevekugadzira mapurogiramu ayo. Izvi zvinobvumira vashandisi kuziva nekuongorora data rese rinopinda ne network.
2. Kuunganidzwa kweData Rakananga:
Wireshark inogona kubata vanhu vari pa network yavo panguva chaiyo. Data rakabatwa rinogona kuchengetwa uye kuongororwa gare gare, zvichipa vashandisi mukana wekushandura zvinhu.
3. Kushandiswa Kwemushandisi Kwakanaka:
Kunyangwe ichipa ruzivo rwakanyanya uye rwakadzama, Wireshark's user interface yakagadzirirwa kuti ive nyore kushandisa ine zvinhu zvakaita semafirita anobvumira vashandisi kuparadzanisa uye kuongorora mapaketi chaiwo zviri nyore.
4. Sefa Yakasimba:
Wireshark ine hunyanzvi hwakasimba hwekusefa, zvichibvumira vashandisi kutarisa pane zvikamu zvakati wandei zve network traffic zvine chekuita nedambudziko riri kuferefetwa.
5. Nharaunda nezviwanikwa:
Sechishandiso chemahara, Wireshark inotsigirwa nenharaunda yakakura uye inoshanda inopa magwaro emahara, tutorials, uye rutsigiro.
Mashandiro Anoita Wireshark
Kuti ushandise Wireshark, danho rekutanga nderekuisa software iyi pakombuta yako. Kana yangoiswa, vashandisi vanogona kusarudza network interface yavanoda kutarisa uye votanga kutora data packets. Wireshark icharatidza data packets dzese dzakatorwa mutafura. Mutsara wega wega mutafura iyi unomiririra data packet imwe chete uye une ruzivo rwakakosha senge nguva, kwakabva, kwainoenda, protocol, uye ruzivo rupfupi nezve zviri mupaketi.
Matanho Ekutanga Ekushandisa Wireshark
1. Kuiswa:
Wireshark inogona kudhawunirodhwa mahara kubva pawebhusaiti yepamutemo yeWireshark (https://www.wireshark.org). Maitiro ekuisa ari nyore, uye anowanikwa pamapuratifomu akasiyana-siyana, anosanganisira Windows, macOS, neLinux.
2. Sarudza Interface:
Kana kuiswa kwacho kwapera, vhura Wireshark wobva wasarudza network interface yaunoda kushandisa pakutora mapaketi. Wireshark icharatidza runyorwa rwema interfaces aripo pamudziyo wako.
3. Kutanga Kutora:
Kana interface yasarudzwa, tinya bhatani rekuti “Start” kuti utange maitiro ekutora mapaketi. Kunyange zvazvo maitiro aya achiri kushanda, Wireshark inotora mapaketi ese edata anopfuura neinterface yakasarudzwa.
4. Kushandisa Mafirita:
Nekuunganidzwa kwedata rakawanda, kushandisa mafirita ndiyo nzira yakanakisisa yekubvisa traffic isina basa. Mafirita anogona kunyorwa nenzira iri nyore kana kushandisa mutauro wakaoma wekufirita.
5. Kuongorora Mapakeji:
Kana kutora mapaketi kwapera, Wireshark inobvumira vashandisi kudzvanya kaviri papaketi kuti vaone ruzivo rwakadzama. Hwindo reruzivo rwemapaketi rinopa ruzivo rwakadzama runofukidza zvikamu zvese zveOSI model.
Chidzidzo Chenyaya: Kugadzirisa Matambudziko neWireshark
Semuenzaniso unoshanda, ngatitii maneja wenetiweki ari kutarisana nedambudziko rekudhawunirodha mafaira zvishoma nezvishoma panetiweki yekambani. Kuti uzive chikonzero chikuru, Wireshark inogona kushandiswa:
1. Kubata Traffic:
Mutongi anotanga Wireshark osarudza interface ine chekuita nechikamu chenetwork chine dambudziko. Mushure mezvo, inotanga kubata traffic kwemaminitsi akati wandei.
2. Kushandisa Mafirita:
Nekushandisa sefa yakaita se `ip.addr == 192.168.1.100` (ine IP chaiyo inozivikanwa kuti ine chekuita nedambudziko), vatariri vanogona kutarisa ongororo pamakombiyuta ane dambudziko.
3. Ongorora Mapakeji:
Vatungamiriri vanoongorora mapaketi ane chekuita nemafaira kana mapuroteni ekudhawunirodha. Semuenzaniso, kana sevha ikashandisa FTP, vatungamiriri vanosefa mapaketi ne `ftp` uye vanoongorora kutevedzana kwemapaketi iwayo.
4. Kuziva Dambudziko:
Kana zvaongororwa, zvinogona kuwanikwa kuti kune maretransmission akawanda anoratidza dambudziko re network chaiyo kana dambudziko nenzira yeTCP.
Wireshark muNetwork Security
Kunze kwekugadzirisa matambudziko, Wireshark inobatsirawo zvikuru mukuchengetedzwa kwenetiweki. Semuenzaniso, kuona kurwiswa kweDoS kana kuedza kupinda munetiweki kunogona kuonekwa nemaitiro asina kujairika ekufambisa nepaketi dzine njodzi. Nekusefa traffic kuti ione kana paine zvinhu zvisina kujairika kana maprotocol asina kujairika, vatariri venetiweki vanogona kuona nekugadzirisa njodzi dzisati dzakuvadza system.
Mhedziso
Wireshark chishandiso chine simba chekuongorora network, chinokwanisa kubata nekuongorora traffic ye network zvakadzama. Nezvinhu zvakawanda zvakaita semafirita ane simba, interface iri nyore kushandisa, uye rutsigiro rwakakura munharaunda, Wireshark yakakodzera mabasa akasiyana-siyana, kubva pakugadzirisa matambudziko kusvika pakuchengetedza network. Kuziva Wireshark kunogona kubatsira zvikuru kune chero nyanzvi yeIT, zvichipa ruzivo rwakadzama pamusoro pekuti network yavo inoshanda sei uye kuti vangagadzirisa sei matambudziko api neapi anomuka.
