Mudziyo wekudhinda wemhando yepamusoro wemifananidzo
Munyika yekugadzira mifananidzo, kunaka kwekudhinda kazhinji ndiko "mutsetse wekupedzisa" unosarudza kana basa richitaridzika serehunyanzvi kana kuti risina ruzivo rwakakosha. Kuchinja mavara, ma gradients akatyoka, mitsetse mitete yakatyoka, kana magwaro madiki asina kujeka kunogona kukanganisa meseji yekuona yakagadzirwa zvakanaka. Nokudaro, kusarudza mudziyo wekudhinda wakakodzera—uye ecosystem yawo inotsigira—inhanho yakakosha kuma studio ekugadzira, dzimba dzekudhinda, mabrandi, uye vagadziri vega vega zvakafanana. Chinyorwa chino chinokurukura mhando dzemidziyo inopa mhando yepamusoro yekudhinda yemifananidzo, maficha ekufunga nezvawo, uye matipi ekuwana mhedzisiro yakaenderana uye yakanangwa.
1. Nzwisisa zvinodiwa: kubva pakuongorora kusvika pakugadzirwa kwakawanda
Usati wasarudza mudziyo, sarudza kuti unoda kushandiswa sei. Zvinodiwa pakudhinda mifananidzo zvinowanzoiswa muzvikamu zvitatu:
1) Kuongorora (kuyedza ruvara): dhinda mienzaniso kuti uve nechokwadi chekuti ruvara rwakarurama, ruzivo rwakadzama, uye maumbirwo arwo usati watanga kugadzirwa. Padanho rino, kururama uye kuenderana kwemavara ndizvo zvinonyanya kukosheswa.
2) Kudhinda mukati meimba: kudhinda zvinhu zvinodiwa zuva nezuva zvakaita semaposita madiki, zvinhu zvekushambadzira, kurongedza mhando, zvinamira, kana mapikicha ezvigadzirwa. Midziyo inofanira kuyera mhando, kumhanya, uye mutengo papepa rega rega.
3) Kugadzira zvinhu zvehunyanzvi/zvakakura: kudhinda mazana emashizha kusvika kuzviuru zvemapepa, kana ma media makuru akadai semabhana, kanivhasi, uye zviratidzo. Zvinoda michina yakasimba, inotarisira mavara akakura, uye inotsigira zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana.
Nekunzwisisa zvikamu izvi, unogona kuona kana printa ye inkjet ine pigment, printa ye laser ine mavara, printa ine format hombe, kana kunyange printa yedhijitari ndiyo yakakodzera.
2. Inkjet yepigment: sarudzo yepamusoro yeruzivo rwakadzama uye kururama kwemavara
Pakugadzira mifananidzo inoda kupatsanurwa kwakatsetseka, kupatsanurwa kwakafara, uye kugadzirwa kwemavara ari pedyo nechiratidziro chechidzitiro (nekugadziriswa kwakakodzera), maprinta einkjet ane pigment anowanzo kuve sarudzo inonyanya kufarirwa. Inki dzepigment dzinowanzo dzivirira kudzima kwemavara kupfuura inki dzedhayi, zvichiita kuti dzikwanise kushandiswa pamifananidzo yemhando yepamusoro, mifananidzo yekudhinda, uye zvinhu zvekuratidzira.
Mabhenefiti makuru e inkjet ye pigment:
- Magiraidhi akapfava emifananidzo, mapikicha, uye magadzirirwo ane mavara akasiyana-siyana.
- Ruzivo rwakanyanya rwemapepa makuru, runobatsira pamitsetse mitete uye magadzirirwo akanaka.
- Mhando yepamusoro pamifananidzo yakakosha yakadai sepepa reunyanzvi, kanivhasi, uye bepa rine mavara.
Zvinhu zvekucherechedza:
- Sisitimu yeinki (semuenzaniso, mavara 6, 8, 10, kana kunyange 12) inokanganisa gamut uye gradation. Kana nzira dzemavara dzakawanda, kuchinja kwemavara kunowedzera kupfava uye kupfuma kwekubereka.
- Iva nechokwadi chekuti ICC profile inotsigira musanganiswa weprinta-inki-pepa kuti uwane mavara akanyatsojeka.
3. Purinda yelaser ine mavara: inokurumidza, yakachenesesa, uye inoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekugadzira muhofisi
Kana uchida kudhinda zvinhu zvekuratidzira, mabhurocha ari nyore, mamockup anokurumidza, kana magwaro ane mifananidzo ane magwaro akawanda, printer yelaser ine mavara inogona kuva mhinduro. MaLaser anomhanya zvikuru, mavara akapinza, uye kugadzikana kwepepa, kunyanya kana ari pakati nepakati.
Mabhenefiti eprinta dze laser dzemavara:
- Inokurumidza uye inoshanda pakudhinda mapeji akawanda.
– Manyoro nemavector (mitsara, madhayagiramu) zvinotaridzika zvakanaka.
- Matambudziko mashoma akadai sema nozzles akavharika anowanzoitika ne inkjets kana asingawanzo shandiswa.
Miganho yayo:
- Pane dzimwe mhando, kupatsanurwa kwemifananidzo kunogona kusanyanya kupfava se inkjet, kunyanya munzvimbo dzine mumvuri kana ganda.
- Sarudzo dzezvenhau dzakasarudzika (unyanzvi hwakanaka) dzinowanzova shoma.
4. Printer yemhando huru (LFP): yemaposta, mabhana, uye mabasa makuru
Kune vanoda mifananidzo yakakura—maposta eA1/A0, zviratidzo zvemukati, kuratidzwa, uye kunyangwe kudhinda macanvas—maprinta makuru ndiwo anonyanya kushandiswa. Maprinta makuru anowanikwa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana dzeinki: dhayi, pigment, eco-solvent, solvent, latex, uye UV.
Gwaro rinokurumidza rekusarudza inki yeLFP:
– Pigment (yemvura): yakakodzera maposta emukati, mapikicha, uye hunyanzvi hwakanaka, zvichipa mhedzisiro yakajeka uye mavara akapfuma. Hazvina kukodzera kushandiswa panze pasina lamination.
– Zvinonyungudutsa/zvinonyungudutsa: zvakasimba pakushandisa vinyl uye panze, zvinodzivirira mamiriro ekunze, zvakakodzera kuratidzwa.
– Latex: inoomesa nekukurumidza, isingakuvadzi nharaunda, yakakodzera kushandiswa mukati/kunze.
– UV: inogona kudhinda zvakananga pazvinhu zvakasimba zvakaita se acrylic, huni, kana foam board, mhedzisiro yacho yakasimba uye inogara kwenguva refu.
Kunze kweinki, nyatsocherechedza upamhi hwekudhinda (24”, 44”, 60”), kugona kutenderedza-kutenderedza, uye rutsigiro rwekucheka kana uchigadzira zvinamati kana zvidimbu.
5. Muchina wekudhinda wedhijitari: mwero wemazuva ano wekugadzirwa kwekudhinda wemhando yepamusoro uye huwandu.
Kune vanodhinda kana mastudio anogadzira zvinhu zvekutengeserana zvakakura (makatalogi, mabhuku, mabhurocha epamusoro, kurongedza kwakareruka), michina yedhijitari inopa musanganiswa wemhando yepamusoro uye kushanda zvakanaka. Michina iyi ndiyo iri pamusoro pemhando yepamusoro: inokurumidza kupfuura ma inkjet edesktop, inogara yakafanana mumapepa akawanda, uye kazhinji ine sarudzo dzakabatanidzwa dzekupedzisa.
Mabhenefiti ekudhinda kwedhijitari:
- Kuenderana kwemavara pakati pemabhechi kunochengetedzwa zviri nani (nekushanda kwakakodzera).
- Inotsigira mhando dzakasiyana dzemapepa uye mapedhi.
- Yakakodzera kushanda nemazuva ekupedzisira akaomarara uye akawanda.
Zvisinei, mari yekudyara uye yekushandisa yakakwira, saka inowanzo shandiswa kumabhizinesi makuru ekudhinda kana ekudhinda mukati mekambani.
6. Zvinhu zvikuru zvemhando yekudhinda: kwete DPI resolution chete
Vanhu vazhinji vanonyanya kukoshesa manhamba eDPI, kunyangwe kunaka kwemifananidzo kunotsamirwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvine chekuita nazvo:
1) Kururama kwemavara uye kutonga mavara
Pasina calibration ye monitor uye ma ICC profiles, ma printout anogona kusiyana zvakanyanya nedhizaini. Sisitimu yakanaka yekugadzirisa mavara inoita kuti zvaunoona zvienderane zvakanyanya nezviri kudhindwa.
2) Rudzi rweinki uye huwandu hwenzira dzemavara
Inki dzeruvara dzine nzira dzakawanda (semuenzaniso, grey kana light cyan/magenta) dzinobatsira kuderedza tsanga uye kutsetsenura girasi.
3) Hunhu hwezvenhau (pepa/zvinhu zvakadhindwa)
Pepa rakaputirwa, risina kupenya, rinopenya, rine hunyanzvi hwakanaka, kana kuti rine kanivhasi zvese zvine hunhu hwakasiyana hwekupinza. Chinhu ichi chinokanganisa zvakanyanya kusiyana, kuwanda, uye kupinza.
4) Software yeRIP (yezvinodiwa nenyanzvi)
Pamabasa makuru uye akaomarara, RIP (Raster Image Processor) inobatsira kudzora mavara, kuongorora, kugadzira matendere, uye kushanda zvakanaka kwekugadzira.
5) Kugadziriswa kwemudziyo uye kugadzikana
Kuongororwa kwemunongedzo, kuchenesa musoro, tembiricha/hunyoro hwemukamuri, uye kuchengetwa kwezvinhu zvinokanganisa kuenderana kwemhedzisiro.
7. Zvishandiso zvinotsigira zvinowanzo kanganwika: ma calibrators nezvishandiso zvekuyera mavara
Kuti kudhinda kuve kwemhando yepamusoro, mudziyo wekudhinda unofanirwa "kubatanidzwa" nezvishandiso zvinotsigira:
– Monitor calibrator: inoita kuti skrini iratidze mavara chaiwo. Kana usina, uri kushanda nechiratidziro chinogona kunyengedza.
- Spectrophotometer: inobatsira kugadzira nekusimbisa ma profiles eICC, akakosha pakuongorora nekugadzira ma workflows.
– Chivako chemwenje (sarudzo): kuongorora mhedzisiro yekudhinda mumamiriro emwenje akajairwa, kuitira kuti kuongororwa kwemavara kuenderane.
Mari shoma mukugadzirisa zvinhu inowanzo kanganisa zvikuru kunaka kwechinhu uye inoderedza mari yekuedza-kukanganisa.
8. Mazano anoshanda ekusarudza michina yekudhinda yemhando yepamusoro yemifananidzo
Heano mamwe mazano anogona kubatsira:
1) Sarudza zvinhu zvikuru zvinobuda: mapikicha/unyanzvi hwakanaka, maposta, zvinhu zvemuhofisi, kana zviratidzo zvekunze. Izvi zvichakutungamira pakusarudza tekinoroji yeinki nerudzi rwemuchina.
2) Tarisa kuti ma profiles eICC anowanikwa here pamapepa aunowanzo shandisa.
3) Edza mienzaniso yakadhindwa pamagadzirirwo anomiririra basa rako: sanganisira mapikicha, magradients, mavara emhando, zvinyorwa zvidiki, uye zvinhu zvevector.
4) Verengai mutengo wekudhinda (inki/toner, bepa, kugadzirisa), kwete mutengo wemuchina chete.
5) Funga nezvebasa remushure mekutengesa: kuwanikwa kwezvikamu zvekuchengetedza, garandi, uye rutsigiro rwehunyanzvi zvinonyanya kusarudza nguva yekushanda.
6) Gadzirira mashandiro eruvara: gadzirisa monitor, gadzirisa nzvimbo yeruvara (semuenzaniso Adobe RGB yemifananidzo), uye shandisa proofing usati wagadzira.
Penutup
Kudhinda mifananidzo yemhando yepamusoro hakusi kungodhinda kunodhura chete kana kuti kudhindwa kweDPI yakakwira. Hunhu hwakanaka hunobva mukubatanidzwa kwakakodzera kwemhando yeprinta (pigment inkjet, laser, large format, kana digital press), inki system, print media, uye kurongeka kwemavara. Nekusarudza michina yakakodzera zvaunoda uye kugadzira workflow yakafanana, unogona kugadzira mifananidzo yakajeka, ine mavara anomiririra magadzirirwo ako sezvaunofungidzira - kungave kwekushandisa iwe pachako, portfolio yehunyanzvi, kana kugadzirwa kwebhizinesi.
Kana muchida, ndinogona kukubatsirai kukurudzira rudzi rwechishandiso chakakodzera zvichienderana nezvamunoda (saizi yekudhinda, rudzi rwemedia, vhoriyamu yemwedzi, uye bhajeti).
