Sisitimu yekudyara mupunga yeJajar Legowo: Kuvandudza kurimwa kwemupunga nehunyanzvi hwekurima hunovandudzwa
Pendauluan
Kurima ndeimwe yenzvimbo dzakakosha zvikuru muhupfumi hweIndonesia, mupunga uri chinhu chikuru uye chikafu chikuru chevanhu vazhinji. Hunyanzvi hwekugadzira mukurima huri kuramba huchichinja nekufamba kwenguva kuti huwedzere kugadzirwa uye kushanda zvakanaka kwevhu. Imwe nzira yekudyara mupunga iri kuwana mukurumbira uye yaratidza kushanda zvakanaka ndiyo nzira yekudyara mupunga yeJajar Legowo.
Muchinyorwa chino, tichakurukura zvakadzama kuti chirongwa chekudyara cheJajar Legowo chii, kuti nzira iyi inoshandiswa sei, uye mabhenefiti ayo nematambudziko ayo mukuwedzera goho rekurima mupunga.
Chii chinonzi Legowo Row Planting System?
Jajar Legowo inzira yekudyara mupunga inodzora nzvimbo pakati pemiti kuti chiedza chezuva chiwedzere uye zvive nyore kuchengetedza. Zita rekuti "Jajar Legowo" rinobva kuJavanese, uko "Jajar" zvinoreva mutsetse kana kuti mutsetse, uye "Legowo" ipfupiso ye "legi" (inotapira) uye "dowo" (refu).
Munzira iyi, zvirimwa zvemupunga zvinodyarwa mumitsara (jajar) zvakakamurwa nechikamu chimwe chete chisina chinhu. Iyi nzira inobvumira chirimwa chimwe nechimwe nzvimbo yakawanda uye chiedza chezuva, ukuwo zvichiita kuti kudzivirira zvipembenene nekuberekesa zvive nyore.
Nheyo dzekutanga dzeLegowo Row Planting System
Sisitimu iyi inowanzo shandiswa mumhando dzakasiyana-siyana, zvichienderana nezvinodiwa uye mamiriro evhu. Mhando dzakajairika ndeidzi:
1. Legowo 2:1 : Mitsetse miviri yezvirimwa zvemupunga ichiteverwa nemutsara mumwe usina chinhu.
2. Legowo 3:1 : Mitsetse mitatu yezvirimwa zvemupunga ichiteverwa nemutsara mumwe usina chinhu.
3. Legowo 4:1 : Mitsetse mina yezvirimwa zvemupunga ichiteverwa nemutsara mumwe usina chinhu.
Kusiyana kwehurongwa uhwu kuri mukupatsanurana kwezvirimwa. Semuenzaniso, muLegowo 2:1, mitsara yakakamurwa pedyo (20 cm x 20 cm kana 25 cm x 25 cm), uye nzvimbo dzisina chinhu dzakaiswa dzakafara kupfuura mitsara (semuenzaniso, 40 cm). Izvi zvinoita kuti chiedza chezuva chinyatsopinda zvakanaka uye zvinoita kuti mabasa ekuchengetedza ave nyore sekufafaza nekuisa fetiraiza.
Maitiro Ekushandisa Sisitimu yeLegowo
Aya ndiwo matanho akajairika ekushandisa nzira yekudyara yeJajar Legowo:
1. Kugadzirira Ivhu: Ivhu rinofanira kurimwa zvakanaka, kurimwa, uye kuenzaniswa. Ita shuwa kuti nzira yekudiridza iri kushanda zvakanaka kuti mvura ifambe zvakanaka.
2. Kugadzira Mitsetse Yemitsara: Uchishandisa tambo kana zvimwe zvishandiso, gadzira mitsetse yekudyara zvichienderana neLegowo model yakasarudzwa (semuenzaniso, 2:1 kana 3:1).
3. Kudyara Mbeu: Dyara mbeu dzemupunga panzvimbo dzakatarwa muvhu. Iva nechokwadi chekuti nzvimbo yacho inoenderana nepatani yaunoda. Semuenzaniso, papatani yeLegowo ye2:1, mitsara miviri yakadyarwa inoteverwa nemutsara mumwe usina chinhu.
4. Kugadzirisa: Ita basa rekugadzirisa zvinhu zvakaita sekuisa fetereza, kudzora zvipembenene, uye kudiridza nguva dzose. Kugadzirisa kuri nyore nekuti mukana wekupinda muzvirimwa wakasununguka.
Mabhenefiti eLegowo Row Planting System
1. Kuwedzera kweGoho reGoho: Kana zvirimwa zvikavhenekerwa zviri nani nezuva nenzvimbo yekufamba, photosynthesis yezvirimwa ichawedzera, zvichikonzera kuti pave nezvirimwa zvakawanda uye tsanga.
2. Kudzora Zvipembenene neZvirwere: Nzira dzakachena dzinobatsira kutarisa nekudzora zvipembenene nezvirwere. Kupfapfaidza nekushandisa mishonga yezvipembenene kunogona kuitwa zvinobudirira.
3. Kushanda zvakanaka kwefodya: Kana fertilization ikashandiswa zviri nani, fodya inogona kuiswa zvakaenzana uye zvinobudirira, zvichiita kuti zvirimwa zviwane zvinovaka muviri zvakakodzera panguva yakakodzera.
4. Kuchengetedza Mvura: Kudyara uchishandisa nzira yejajar legowo kunoita kuti pave nekudzora kuri nani kudiridza. Mvura inogona kuparadzirwa zvakanaka uye kudzivirira kuzara kwemvura kunogona kukanganisa zvirimwa.
5. Zviri Nyore Kuchengeta uye Kukohwa: Kana paine mukana wakajeka, maitiro ekugadzirisa nekukohwa anova nyore, nekukurumidza, uye haakuvadzi zvirimwa zvemupunga.
Matambudziko mukushandisa Legowo System
Kunyangwe paine mabhenefiti akawanda, kune matambudziko akati wandei anotarisana nawo pakushandisa hurongwa uhwu, akadai se:
1. Ruzivo neKugarisana nevamwe: Varimi vazhinji havazivi nzira iyi saka vanofanirwa kupihwa kudzidziswa kwakakwana uye kupiwa mazano.
2. Mari Yekutanga: Kudyara kwekutanga uchishandisa nzira iyi kunogona kutora nguva yakawanda uye mari yakawanda kuronga daro rekudyara uye kugadzirira ivhu.
3. Kuvimba Nemamiriro Evhu: Haasi marudzi ese evhu akakodzera hurongwa hweJajar Legowo. Mamiriro evhu, mamiriro ekunze, uye mamiriro ekunze zvinopesvedzera zvakanyanya kubudirira kwenzira iyi.
4. Njodzi Yekukundikana Kwezvirimwa: Kufanana nedzimwe nzira dzekurima, nzira yeJajar Legowo haina njodzi yekukundikana kwezvirimwa nekuda kwemamiriro ekunze akaipisisa, kurwiswa kwezvipembenene, kana zvirwere.
Nyaya Yechidzidzo: Kuitwa kweJajar Legowo muPandeglang Rice Minda
Semuenzaniso wakabudirira, kuiswa kweJajar Legowo system muPandeglang Regency, Banten, kwakaratidza mhedzisiro yakanaka. Nerutsigiro kubva kuhurumende yemuno nemasangano akati wandei ekutsvagisa kurima, varimi vekuPandeglang vakabudirira kuwedzera goho ravo remupunga ne20-30% pahekita mumwaka mumwe chete wekudyara.
Mushumo wakabva kuDhipatimendi reKurima remunharaunda iyi wakataura kuti pamusoro pekuwedzera kwekurima, varimi vakaonawo zviri nyore kuchengetedza nekudzivirira zvipembenene. Nekusvika kwakakodzera uye kudzidziswa, hurongwa uhwu hwakabudirira kushandura mafungiro nemaitiro ekushanda kwevarimi munharaunda iyi.
Mhedziso
Sisitimu yekudyara yeJajar Legowo inogona kushandiswa zvakanyanya mukuwedzera kurimwa kwemupunga uye kuwedzera kushanda zvakanaka kwekushandiswa kweminda yekurima. Nekubatsira kwayo kwakajeka maererano nekuwedzera kwegoho, nyore kuchengetedza, uye kudzora zvipembenene nezvirwere, sisitimu iyi inofanirwa kushandiswa nevanhu vakawanda.
Zvisinei, kuti hurongwa uhwu hubudirire hunoda rutsigiro kubva kumapato akasiyana-siyana, kusanganisira hurumende, masangano ekutsvagisa, nevarimi pachavo. Kudzidziswa nekusvika kune vamwe vanhu kwakakosha kuti nzira iyi ishandiswe zvakanaka uye zvakanangana.
Kuburikidza nenzira yakazara uye kushanda pamwe chete, hapana mubvunzo kuti hurongwa hwekudyara hweJajar Legowo hunogona kuva chimwe chezvinhu zvikuru zvinoita kuti nyika ive nekuchengetedzwa kwechikafu uye kuvandudza kugara zvakanaka kwevarimi vekuIndonesia.
