Mabasa eMufemesi muFamasi yeChipatara
Pharmacy yechipatara inzvimbo yekubatsira varwere ine basa guru mukuona kuti kurapa kwevarwere kwakachengeteka, kunoshanda, uye kune musoro. Vatengesi vemishonga vane chinzvimbo chakakosha mupharmacy, vane basa rekutarisira mishonga uye kubatanidzwa zvakananga mumabasa epharmacy ekiriniki. Kuvandudzwa kwehutano hwemazuva ano kunoda kuti vatengesi vemishonga vashande kwete "seri kwezviitiko" chete vachitarisira mafambiro emishonga, asiwo kushanda pamwe chete navanachiremba, vanamukoti, nevamwe vashandi vehutano kuona kuti murwere wega wega anowana mushonga wakakodzera, muchiyero chakakodzera, uye nenzira chaiyo yekupa. Chinyorwa chino chinotsanangura zvizere mabasa evatengesi vemishonga mupharmacy yechipatara, kusanganisira nyaya dzekutarisira, dzekurapa, dzemhando yepamusoro, uye dzekuchengetedza kwemurwere.
1. Kutarisira Zvishandiso zveMishonga (Kutarisira Mishonga)
Rimwe remabasa makuru evanyanzvi vemishonga muzvipatara nderekutarisira mishonga kuti ive nechokwadi chekuti mishonga iripo uye kudzora mashandisirwo ayo. Kutarisira uku kunosanganisira mabasa akasiyana-siyana, kubva pakuronga nekutenga kusvika pakugamuchira, kuchengeta, kugovera, uye kushuma.
Munguva yekuronga, varapi vemishonga vanosarudza mishonga zvichienderana nefomulari yechipatara , maitiro ezvirwere, data rekushandiswa, uye bhajeti. Kuronga kwakakodzera kunodzivirira kupera kwemidziyo uye kuchengetwa kwezvinhu zvinogona kukonzera kupera kwesimba. Panguva yekutenga, varapi vemishonga vanoona kuti maitiro ekutenga anotevedzera mitemo, vanosarudza vatengesi vanovimbika, uye vanoisa pamberi mhando yechigadzirwa uye zviri pamutemo. Pavanogamuchira zvinhu, varapi vemishonga vanoongorora huwandu hwakakodzera, nhamba yebatch, zuva rekupera, mamiriro ekurongedza, uye magwaro anotsigira.
Kuchengeta kwakakoshawo. Vatengesi vemishonga vanoronga hurongwa hwekuchengetera hunosangana nezvinodiwa, zvinosanganisira kupatsanurwa kwemishonga yeLASA (inotaridzika-yakafanana-yakafanana), mishonga inochenjerera zvakanyanya , mishonga inodhaka uye inorwisa pfungwa, uye mishonga inoda kutonhora. Uyezve, urongwa uhwu hunotevera musimboti weFEFO (yapera nguva yekutanga, yekutanga kubuda) kuitira kuti mishonga iri pedyo nezuva rayo rekupera itange yatanga kushandiswa. Padanho rekugovera, vatengesi vemishonga vanoona kuti mishonga inoparadzirwa zvakachengeteka, zvakakodzera, uye yakanyorwa zvakanaka, kungave kuburikidza nehurongwa hwemayuniti, pasi, kana masevhisi emunhu mumwe nemumwe.
2. Mabasa Ekushandisa Mishonga Nekugovera Mishonga Zvakachengeteka
Varapi vemishonga muzvipatara vane basa rekunyora mishonga, kusanganisira kusimbisa, kugadzirira, uye kupa mishonga kuvarwere vasiri muchipatara nevari muchipatara. Kusimbisa mishonga kunosanganisira zvinopfuura kungoongorora kuwanikwa kwemishonga; kunoongororawo kukodzera kwekurapa: chiratidzo, chiyero, nzira yekupa mishonga, kuwanda kwayo, nguva, uye kusangana kwemishonga, allergies, uye kudzokororwa kwemishonga.
Kana mushonga wapihwa wakarurama, murapi wemishonga anova nechokwadi chekuti nzira yekupa mushonga inotevera zvinodiwa: kugadzirira mishonga, kunyora mazita akajeka, uye magwaro akarurama. Kana matambudziko angangoitika akaonekwa, murapi wemishonga anofanira kujekesa kana kupindira kuna chiremba anomupa mushonga. Basa iri rinobatsira zvikuru mukuderedza zvikanganiso zvemishonga, kunyanya pamishonga ine njodzi yakakura senge insulin, anticoagulants, chemotherapy, uye concentrated electrolytes.
3. Mabasa eMishonga yeMishonga yeKiriniki
Mumazuva ano, varapi vemishonga muzvipatara vane basa rakakura rekurapa. Varapi vemishonga vanoita basa rekutarisa kurapwa kwemishonga, kuona kuti varwere vanogamuchira mishonga inoenderana nemamiriro avo ekurapa, uye kutarisa mhinduro nemigumisiro.
Vatengesi vemishonga vanogona kutora chikamu mukushanya kwevarwere vari muchipatara nechikwata chekurapa. Munguva yekushanya uku, vatengesi vemishonga vanopa mazano pamusoro pekusarudza mishonga, kugadzirisa huwandu hwemishonga kune varwere vane dambudziko reitsvo kana chiropa, kurapwa nemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, kudzora marwadzo, uye kudzivirira migumisiro yakaipa. Mabasa aya anobatsira kuvandudza mhando yekurapa uye kukurumidzisa kuvandudzwa kwevarwere. Vatengesi vemishonga vanopawo mazano akakosha, semuenzaniso, kuvarwere vane zvirwere zvisingaperi zvakaita sechirwere cheshuga, BP, kana asthma, kuti vave nechokwadi chekuti mishonga inoshandiswa nguva dzose uye kuzadzisa zvinangwa zvekurapa.
4. Mabasa Eruzivo Rwezvinodhaka (PIO)
Rimwe basa rakakosha revanyanzvi vemishonga nderekupa ruzivo rwakarurama, rwemazuva ano, uye rwunobva pauchapupu. Vanachiremba, vanamukoti, nevarwere vanoda ruzivo rwemushonga maererano nemupimo, mashandisirwo awo, migumisiro, zvinopesana, kugara zvakanaka kwemupimo, uye kuenderana kwemushonga (semuenzaniso, maererano nemishonga inobayiwa jekiseni inosanganiswa).
Vatengesi vemishonga vanotarisira nzvimbo dzeruzivo rwemishonga kana kuita basa iri mumabasa avo ezuva nezuva. Kana vashandi vekurapa vaine mibvunzo nezvesarudzo dzekurapa, vatengesi vemishonga vanogona kutarisa zvinyorwa zvesainzi, nhungamiro dzekiriniki, kana magazini uye vopa mazano akavimbika. MaPIO anosanganisirawo dzidzo pamusoro pekushandiswa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya zvine hungwaru, njodzi dzekushandisa mishonga isina kunyorerwa nachiremba, uye machengeterwo emishonga kumba.
5. Dzidzo yeVarwere neKupa Mazano
Varapi vemishonga vane basa rekupa mazano kuvarwere kuti vave nechokwadi chekuti vanzwisisa mishonga yavari kutora. Kupa mazano kunowanzo sanganisira chinangwa chekurapa, chiyero uye nguva yekushandiswa, mirairo yekushandisa (musati madya/mushure mekudya), mashandisirwo emidziyo (semuenzaniso, mainhaler, insulin pens), uye zviratidzo zvekunyevera nezvemigumisiro yakaipa.
Dzidzo iyi inonyanya kukosha kuvarwere vari pamishonga yakaoma, vakwegura, avo vanotora mishonga yakawanda (polypharmacy), kana avo vari panjodzi yekusatevedzera mitemo zvakanaka. Nekupa mazano anoshanda, varapi vemishonga vanogona kubatsira kuvandudza kutevedzera mitemo, kudzivirira zvikanganiso zvemishonga, uye kuderedza mwero wekudzokera kuchipatara kana kudzokera kuchipatara.
6. Kudzora Hunhu, Kuchengetedzeka Kwevarwere, uye Kuchengetedzwa Kwemishonga
Vatengesi vemishonga vanoita basa guru muzvirongwa zvekuchengetedza varwere, kunyanya kuchengetedzwa kwemishonga. Vatengesi vemishonga vanobatanidzwa mukugadzira nekushandisa nzira dzekushanda dzakajairwa (SOPs) dzine chekuita nekuchengetedza, kuburitsa, uye kupa mishonga, pamwe nekuzivisa zviitiko zvekuchengetedza. Vatengesi vemishonga vanobatanidzwawo mukuona nekudzivirira zvikanganiso zvemishonga kuburikidza nekutarisa kaviri, kupatsanura mimwe mishonga, uye kuisa mazita ekunyevera.
Pamusoro pezvo, varapi vemishonga vanoita basa rekutarisa nekuzivisa nezvemaitiro emishonga asina kunaka (ADRs). Kana maitiro emishonga asina kunaka akaonekwa , varapi vemishonga vanonyora chiitiko chacho, voita ongororo yezvikonzero, uye vozvizivisa kune hurongwa hwakakodzera hwekuzivisa. Chiitiko ichi chakakosha pakuvandudza kuchengetedzeka kwekurapa muzvipatara uye kutsigira kutarisirwa kwemishonga munyika.
7. Kusanganisa mushonga usina utachiona uye usina utachiona
Mune zvimwe zvipatara, varapi vemishonga vane basa rekugadzira mishonga inosanganisa mishonga, isingasvibisi (semuenzaniso, hupfu nemafuta akasanganiswa) uye isina tsvina (semuenzaniso, kudya kunovaka muviri, mishonga inouraya utachiona, uye mimwe mishonga inobayiwa jekiseni). Kugadzira mishonga inosanganisa mishonga inosanganisa mishonga kunoda nzvimbo dzakagadzirwa, dzakadai semakamuri akachena uye makabati emvura anoyerera (LAFs/BSCs), kuitira kuti zvigadzirwa zvirambe zvisina tsvina uye zvakachengeteka.
Nyanzvi dzemishonga dzinoona kuti kuwedzera mishonga kunoitwa zvichienderana neGMP/mitemo yakakodzera, vachinyatsocherechedza kugadzikana, kuenderana, uye kunyatsoita mushonga. Izvi zvakakosha nekuti kunyangwe zvikanganiso zvidiki pakuwedzera mishonga, kunyanya pakurapa chemotherapy kana parenteral nutrition, zvinogona kuuraya varwere.
8. Chirongwa cheKutarisira Mafomulari uye Kudzora Mishonga Inorwisa Mabhakitiriya
Fomura yemuchipatara runyorwa rwemishonga inotenderwa kushandiswa muzvipatara zvichibva pakushanda kwayo, kuchengetedzeka, uye mutengo. Vatengesi vemishonga vanoshanda mukomiti ye pharmacy and therapeutics (PFT), iyo inoongorora mishonga iri mufomura, inosarudza zvinodiwa pakushandisa, uye inovandudza marongero.
Panyaya yekuwedzera kwekusakwanisa kurwisa mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, varapi vemishonga vanoitawo basa muzvirongwa zvekutarisira mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, izvo zvinodzora kushandiswa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya kudzivirira kushandiswa kwakanyanya kana kusina kukodzera. Varapi vemishonga vanobatsira mukusarudza mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya yakakodzera, kuongorora kudiwa kwekudzikisa kuwanda kwemishonga, kugadzirisa huwandu hwemishonga, uye kukurudzira kuongororwa kwemhando yemishonga kana zvichidikanwa.
9. Kutungamira, Kushuma, uye Kuvandudza Basa
Mabasa evafemista anosanganisira zvinhu zvekutonga uye zvekushuma, zvakaita sekunyora kushandiswa kwemishonga, mishumo yezvinodhaka nepfungwa, kuongororwa kwemasheya, uye kuongororwa kwemitengo yemishonga. Vafemista vanogadzirawo masevhisi, akadai sekushandisa tekinoroji yeruzivo rwemishonga, e-prescribing, masisitimu edosi yeyuniti, uye mapurogiramu ekutarisira mishonga anotungamirirwa nedata.
Vatengesi vemishonga vanoitawo basa mudzidzo nekutsvaga ruzivo. Muzvipatara zvekudzidzisa, vatengesi vemishonga vanopa mazano kune vanodzidzira basa, vanodzidzira basa kune vanotengesi vemishonga, uye matekiniki emishonga. Tsvagiridzo dzine chekuita nekushandiswa kwemishonga, kuongororwa kwekurapa, uye kuvandudzwa kwemhando yemishonga zvinobatsirawo mukuvandudza mabasa echipatara.
Mhedziso
Mabasa evafemisti mu pharmacy yezvipatara akafara uye ane hungwaru, anosanganisira manejimendi yemishonga, masevhisi emishonga yekurapa, masevhisi emishonga yekiriniki, ruzivo rwemishonga, mazano evarwere, kutarisa mhando nekuchengetedzeka, kuwedzera huwandu hwemishonga, uye mabasa mumakomiti ekudzora mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya nemapurogiramu. Kuburikidza nehunyanzvi hwehunyanzvi uye kushanda pamwe chete kwevashandi, vafemisti vanobatsira kuona kuti mishonga inoshandiswa zvine musoro, zvakachengeteka, uye zvinobudirira. Kuvapo kwevafemisti muchipatara inzira yakakosha yekuvandudza kuchengetedzeka kwevarwere uye mhando yese yebasa rehutano.
