Fomura yeZvipatara muMabasa eMishonga
Kutenga mishonga yemuchipatara ndeimwe yenzira dzakakosha pakupa mishonga yemhando yepamusoro, yakachengeteka, uye inoshanda. Kuzvipatara, kutenga mishonga yemuchipatara hakusi kungori runyorwa rwemishonga inowanikwa mu pharmacy, asi inzira yakarongwa, ine humbowo hwekutarisira mishonga inoenderana nezvinodiwa zvekiriniki uye marongero emari. Kuburikidza nekutenga mishonga yemuchipatara, zvipatara zvinogona kuona kuti mishonga inoshandiswa nevarwere inoshanda zvakanaka, ine ruzivo rwakajeka rwekuchengetedzwa, uye inowanikwa zvine chokwadi. Uyezve, kutenga mishonga yemuchipatara kunobatsirawo kudzora mitengo pasina kukanganisa kunaka kwekurapa.
Tsanangudzo uye Chinangwa cheFormulary
Kazhinji, fomura yemuchipatara irunyorwa rwemishonga yakasarudzwa uye ruzivo rwekushandiswa kwayo rwunounganidzwa uye rwunotenderwa kushandiswa muchipatara. Runyorwa urwu runowanzo sanganisira zita remushonga, chimiro chemushonga, simba (mushonga), nzira yekushandiswa, chiratidzo chekutanga, zvimwe zvirambidzo, uye zvinyorwa zvakakosha zvakaita seyambiro nezvemigumisiro kana zvinodiwa zvekutarisa.
Chinangwa chikuru cheformulary ndechekuenzanisa kurapwa kwemishonga kuti kuenderane nemirairo yekiriniki uye humbowo hwesainzi hwazvino. Kuenzanisa uku kunobatsira kuderedza kusiyana kusingakoshi mukurapa, kuderedza njodzi yekukanganisa kwemishonga, uye kuvandudza kuenderera mberi kwekurapwa, kunyanya kana varwere vachitama kubva kune imwe wadhi kuenda kune imwe kana kuti vachirapwa nechikwata chekurapa chakasiyana. Uyezve, formulary ine chinangwawo chekuona kuti mushonga unoshandiswa zvine musoro, kureva, chiratidzo chakakodzera, murwere akakodzera, mushonga wakakodzera, dose rakakodzera, nguva yakakodzera, uye nguva yakakodzera.
Basa reMafomulari muMabasa eMishonga
Mumabasa emishonga yemuchipatara, fomura inoshanda se "compass" inotungamira maitiro ese ekutarisira mishonga, kubva pakusarudza nekuronga zvinodiwa, kutenga, kuchengetedza, uye kugovera, kusvika pakutarisa mashandisirwo uye kuongorora mhedzisiro yekurapa. Nefomura, pharmacy inogona kunyatsoongorora zvinodiwa mumasheya uye kuderedza njodzi yekupera kwehuwandu hwezvinhu zvirimo kana huwandu hwezvinhu zvakawandisa.
Mafomulari anovandudzawo kushanda zvakanaka kwecheni yekugovera. Kana kusarudzwa kwemishonga kuchingogumira pazvinhu zvinobvumiranwa, zvipatara zvinogona kutaurirana zviri nani nevatengesi, kusanganisira kushandisa kutenga mishonga yakawanda inoshandiswa nguva dzose. Mugumisiro wacho unova kudzora mitengo kwakanaka uye kugoverwa kwebhajeti kwakanangana.
Kune varapi vemishonga, fomura inoshanda sehwaro hwekupa mazano ekurapa kuna vanachiremba nevamwe vashandi vehutano. Kana mushonga ukakumbirwa kunze kwefomura, varapi vemishonga vanogona kuongorora zvikonzero zvekushandiswa kwawo, kuenzanisa dzimwe nzira dziripo, uye kufunga nezvemhedzisiro yekiriniki neyehupfumi pamurwere nechipatara.
Maitiro Ekugadzirira Fomura
Kugadzirwa kwemishonga yemhando yeforoma hakuitwi nemunhu mumwe chete, asi kuburikidza nenzira yesangano inosanganisira mabasa akasiyana-siyana. Kazhinji, zvipatara zvinogadzira Komiti yeMishonga neKurapa (PKT) kana Chikwata cheMishonga neKurapa, inoumbwa nevanachiremba vanobva kuhunyanzvi hwakasiyana-siyana, varapi vemishonga, vanamukoti, nevashandi vekutarisira. PKT ine basa rekuongorora nekusarudza kuti ndeipi mishonga inofanira kuiswa muforoma uye kugadzira marongero ekushandiswa kwayo.
Pakuongorora mushonga, KFT inotarisa zvinhu zvakakosha zvakati wandei. Chekutanga, kushanda zvakanaka uye mabhenefiti ekiriniki zvakavakirwa pauchapupu hwesainzi. Chechipiri, kuchengetedzeka, kusanganisira mhedzisiro yakaipa, kusangana kwemishonga, zvinopesana, uye zvinodiwa zvekutarisa. Chechitatu, zvinhu zvezvehupfumi, kureva kuenzanisa mitengo nemabhenefiti, kusanganisira mutengo wese wekutarisira, kwete mutengo wega wega wemushonga. Chechina, kuwanikwa kwemushonga uye mhando, kusanganisira kugadzikana, kuchengetwa, uye kuvimbiswa kwekuwanikwa.
Ongororo iyi inowanzoshandisa nzira yakarongeka yekuongorora mishonga. Mishonga mitsva inowanzo tumirwa kuburikidza nefomu rekunyorera, pamwe chete nehumbowo hunotsigira hwakadai sezvakanyorwa mumagazini, nhungamiro dzekurapa, uye kuenzanisa nemishonga iripo. Mhedzisiro yekuongorora inokurukurwa mumusangano weKFT, ichiteverwa nechisarudzo: kugamuchirwa, kurambwa, kana kugamuchirwa nemiganhu.
Mutemo weKurambidza uye Kushandisa Mishonga
Haisi mishonga yese inogona kushandiswa pasina kunyorerwa chiremba, kunyanya mishonga inorapwa nekukurumidza, mimwe mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, mishonga yechemotherapy, kana mishonga inodhura zvikuru. Kune aya mapoka, maformularies anowanzo tevedzera mitemo inorambidza. Semuenzaniso, mimwe mishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya inogona kungopihwa mushure mekubvunza chiremba chaiye kana kana paine kurudziro kubva kuchikwata chevanorapa mabhakitiriya. Mitemo iyi inovavarira kudzivirira kusakwanisa kurwisa mabhakitiriya, kuderedza migumisiro yakakomba, uye kudzivirira kushandiswa zvisina kukodzera.
Pamusoro pezvirambidzo, maformularies anowanzo sanganisira zvinhu zvinoshandiswa, zvakaita sezvinodiwa nemurwere, zvinangwa zvekurapa, zviyero zvekutarisa (semuenzaniso, mashandiro eitsvo, mazinga e electrolyte, INR, kana mazinga chaiwo emushonga), uye mitemo yekushandura nzira yekupa mushonga (semuenzaniso, kubva pakupinda mutsinga kuenda pamuromo) kana mamiriro emurwere achibvumira. Izvi zvinosimbisa tsika yekushandisa mushonga zvakachengeteka uye zvine musoro.
Kuchengetedzwa kweMurwere neFomulary
Kuchengetedzeka kwevarwere ndicho chinhu chikuru chinotariswa pakurapa kwemishonga kwemazuva ano. Mafomulari anoita basa guru mukuderedza njodzi yekukanganisa kwemishonga nekuenzanisa mafomu emushonga, huwandu hwawo, uye sarudzo dzekurapa. Semuenzaniso, kuderedza kusiyana kwesimba re insulin kana ma electrolyte akawandisa kunogona kuderedza njodzi yekusashandiswa zvakanaka kwemushonga. Mafomulari anogonawo kugadzira nzira dzakatarwa dzekudzikisa, kunyora mazita, uye kuchengetera mishonga chaiyo.
Muzvipatara zvakawanda, maformularies anobatanidzwa nema electronic prescribing systems (Computerized Physician Order Entry/CPOE) uye rutsigiro rwekusarudza kwekiriniki. Kubatanidzwa uku kunogonesa otomatiki alerts ye allergies, kudzokororwa kwekurapwa, kusangana kwemishonga, dosing muvarwere vane itsvo kana hepatic impairment, uye yambiro yemishonga inoda kuongororwa kwakakosha. Saka, formulary haisi gwaro risingachinji chete, asi chishandiso chinoshanda chekudzivirira kuchengetedzeka.
Fomura, Mari, uye Kudzora Hunhu
Munguva yekushandiswa kwemari yehutano inoda kushanda zvakanaka, maformularies anoshanda sechishandiso chekudzora mhando uye kudzora mari. Zvipatara zvinofanirwa kuyera zvinodiwa mukiriniki nezvishoma zvebhajeti uye zvirongwa zvekubhadhara. Maformularies anobatsira kuona kuti kushandiswa kwemishonga kunodhura uye kudzivirira kutambisa mari kunokonzerwa nekusarudza mishonga inodhura pasina mabhenefiti akajeka ekiriniki.
Mafomulari anogonawo kuenderana nemirairo yenyika uye marongero einishuwarenzi, akadai serunyorwa rwemishonga inokosha kana kuti mafomulari ari muhurongwa hweinishuwarenzi yehutano. Kurongeka uku kunoderedza kurambwa kwezvikumbiro, kunorerutsa maitiro ekutonga, uye kunodzivirira mitoro isingakoshi yemitengo kune varwere.
Kubva pamaonero emhando yepamusoro, fomura inogona kushanda sehwaro hwekuongorora kushandiswa kwemishonga (DUE). Nyanzvi dzemishonga, pamwe chete neKFT, vanogona kutarisa kutevedzera kwachiremba wemishonga, kuongorora kushandiswa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, kuongorora kushandiswa kwemishonga ine njodzi huru, uye kuongorora mhedzisiro yekiriniki. Mhedzisiro iyi yekuongorora inoshandiswa pakuvandudza mitemo, kudzidzisa vanachiremba, uye kugadzirisa fomura.
Matambudziko Ekushandisa Fomura
Pasinei nemabhenefiti ayo makuru, kushandisa mushonga weforomasi hakusi nyore nguva dzose. Dambudziko rimwe nderekurambwa nevamwe vanachiremba vanofunga kuti nzira dzavo dzekurapa dzakaganhurirwa. Rimwe dambudziko nderekuchinja kuri kuita sainzi yekurapa, inoda kugadziriswa nguva nenguva kuti irambe ichishanda. Kuwanikwa kwemishonga, kuchinja kwemitengo, uye kukanganiswa kwekutengesa zvinogonawo kumanikidza zvipatara kugadzirisa kusarudzwa kwemishonga.
Uyezve, kutevedzera mitemo yemushonga weforoma kunoda kutaurirana kwakasimba pakati penyanzvi. Kana mitemo yekurambidza mishonga isinganzwisiswi zvakajeka, kunonoka kurapwa kana kushandiswa kwemishonga zvisina kunaka kunogona kuitika. Saka, zvipatara zvinofanirwa kupa nzira yakajeka uye nekukurumidza yekukumbira mishonga isiri yeforoma ukuwo murwere achichengetedza kuchengetedzeka.
Nzira yekusimbisa Fomura
Kuti maformularies ashande zvakanaka, zvipatara zvinofanirwa kushandisa nzira dzakasiyana-siyana. Chekutanga, kusimbisa basa reClinical Formulary (KFT) kuburikidza nemisangano yenguva dzose, hurongwa hwekuongorora mishonga hwakajeka, uye kunyora kwakakodzera zvisarudzo. Chechipiri, kupa dzidzo inoramba ichienderera mberi kuna vanachiremba, vanamukoti, uye varapi vemishonga maererano nekuchinja maformularies, chikonzero chekusarudzwa kwemishonga, uye marongero ekushandiswa kwayo. Chechitatu, kubatanidza maformularies muhurongwa hweruzivo rwechipatara kuti zvive nyore kuwana nekushandisa mumabasa ezuva nezuva.
Chechina, ongorora nguva nenguva uchishandisa zviratidzo zvakaita sekutevedzera mitemo yemushonga, zvikanganiso zvine chekuita nemishonga chaiyo, maitiro ekurapwa kwemishonga inorwisa mabhakitiriya, uye mitengo yemishonga pamurwere mumwe nemumwe kana kuongororwa kwese. Chechina, batanidza varwere kuburikidza nekupa mazano nekudzidzisa mishonga, kunyanya panguva yekuchinja kwekutarisira (semuenzaniso, kubva pakuchengetwa kwemurwere ari muchipatara kuenda kuchipatara chekunze) kuti uve nechokwadi chekurapa kwakachengeteka uye kwakaringana.
Penutup
Mafomula emuchipatara ihwaro hwakakosha hwekuchengetedzwa kwemishonga kwemazuva ano, kwakanangana nekuchengetedzeka kwemurwere. Nekugadzira runyorwa rwemishonga rwakavakirwa pauchapupu, kubatanidza mapoka ehunyanzvi hwakasiyana-siyana, uye kushandisa mitemo yakajeka yekushandisa mishonga, zvipatara zvinogona kuvandudza mhando yekurapa, kuderedza njodzi yekukanganisa, uye kudzora mitengo zvinobudirira. Matambudziko ekushandisa aripo, asi anogona kukundwa kuburikidza nekutaurirana kunobudirira, kugadziridzwa nguva dzose, kubatanidzwa kwetekinoroji, uye kuongororwa kuri kuenderera mberi. Pakupedzisira, mafomula haasi zvipingamupinyi, asi maturusi ehurongwa ekuona kuti murwere wese anowana kurapwa kwemishonga kwakakodzera, kwakachengeteka, uye kunobatsira.
