Midziyo yeKuongorora Metal muArchaeology
Midziyo yekuona simbi yakachinja zvakanyanya nyaya dzekuchera matongo, ichipa vanochera matongo chishandiso chine simba chekuwana nekuchera zvinhu zvesimbi zvakavigwa pasi pevhu. Kubatanidzwa kwevanochera simbi mukutsvagisa kwekuchera matongo kwakasimudzira zvakanyanya kushanda, kururama, uye huwandu hwekuchera, zvichipa ruzivo rwakakosha uye zvichiita kuti zviwanikwe zvaisambofungidzirwa. Chinyorwa chino chinotarisa nhoroondo, tekinoroji, uye mashandisirwo ezvinochera simbi mukuchera matongo, pamwe nepfungwa dzetsika nematambudziko ane chekuita nekushandiswa kwazvo.
Nhoroondo Pfupi yeVanoongorora Metal muArcheology
Kugadzirwa kwesimbi inoongorora simbi kunogona kuteverwa kumashure kusvika kumagumo kwezana remakore rechi19 nekutanga kwezana remakore rechi20, nemamodeli ekutanga ari ekare uye ainyanya kushandiswa pakutsvaga zvimbambaira. Zvisinei, mukana wavo wekutsvaga matongo wakakurumidza kuzivikanwa. Muma1960 nema1970, michina inoongorora simbi yakava yakanyanyisa uye yakatanga kushandiswa nevatsvaki vepfuma vasina ruzivo. Kukosha kwayo pakuongorora matongo kwakakurumidza kuonekwa, uye nyanzvi dzekuchera matongo dzakatanga kuabatanidza mumaitiro avo.
Tekinoroji iri kushanda pakuongorora simbi
Zvishandiso zvesimbi zvinoshanda nepfungwa ye electromagnetic induction. Zvinosanganisira transmitter coil, iyo inogadzira magnetic field, uye receiver coil, iyo inoona chero shanduko mumunda wemagineti inokonzerwa nekuvapo kwezvinhu zvesimbi. Kana magnetic field ikapinda pasi yosangana nechinhu chesimbi, inokonzera second magnetic field yakakomberedza chinhu chacho. Receiver coil inotora shanduko idzi, ichiburitsa chiratidzo chinonzwika kana chiratidzo chekuona.
Mhando dzakasiyana dzezvinhu zvinoongorora simbi zvinoshandiswa mukuchera matongo, imwe neimwe yakakodzera mamiriro akasiyana nezvinangwa:
1. Zvishandiso zvekuongorora zveVery Low Frequency (VLF):
Idzi ndidzo mhando dzinonyanya kuzivikanwa dzesimbi dzinoona zvinhu. Dzinoshanda pamitsetse miviri, transmitter nereceiver, uye dzinonzwa zvakanyanya zvinhu zvidiki zvesimbi. VLF detectors dzinoshanda pakusiyanisa mhando dzakasiyana dzesimbi.
2. Zvishandiso zveKuongorora Pulse Induction (PI):
Zvishandiso izvi zvinoona zvinhu zvakanaka paivhu rine zvicherwa zvakawanda uye pakutsvaga pasi pemvura. Zvinoshandisa coil imwe chete inochinjana pakati pekutumira nekugamuchira pulses, zvichiita kuti dzisanyanya kukanganiswa nezvicherwa.
3. Radar Inopinda Muvhu (GPR):
Kunyange zvazvo isiri nzira yekuongorora simbi yechinyakare, GPR inowanzoshandiswa pamwe chete nemidziyo yekuongorora simbi mukuchera matongo. Inoshandisa radar pulses kuona zvinhu zviri pasi pevhu uye inogona kupa mifananidzo yakadzama yezvinhu zvakavigwa, kusanganisira zvinhu zvisiri zvesimbi uye stratigraphic layers.
Kushandiswa kweMetal Detectors muArchaeology
Kuongorora Nzvimbo uye Kuchera
Imwe yenzira huru dzinoshandiswa nemidziyo yekuongorora simbi mukuchera matongo ndeyekuongorora nzvimbo dzinogona kucherwa. Vasati vachera, michina yekuongorora simbi inogona kukurumidza uye isingapindi munzvimbo dzakakura kuti iwane nzvimbo dzine zvinhu zvesimbi. Ongororo iyi yekutanga inobatsira vanochera matongo kuti vatarise simba ravo nezvinhu zvavo panzvimbo dzakanaka, zvichideredza kukanganiswa kwenzvimbo yacho.
Kugadzira Mepu uye Kugadzirisa Zvakawanikwa
Zvishandiso zvesimbi zvinoitawo basa guru mukuona kugoverwa kwezvinhu zvakawanikwa munzvimbo yacho. Nekunyora nzvimbo chaidzo dzezvinhu zvakawanikwa, vanochera matongo vanogona kuongorora maitiro emabasa evanhu, nzira dzekutengeserana, uye masangano ekugara. Ruzivo urwu rwakakosha pakuvakazve nhoroondo dzekare uye kunzwisisa kukosha kwetsika kwezvakawanikwa.
Kuvandudza Nzira Dzechinyakare
Kusanganisa nzira dzekuongorora simbi nenzira dzechinyakare dzekuchera kunowedzera kunzwisisa kwekuongorora kwezvakacherwa mumatongo. Zvishandiso zvekuongorora zvinoona nzvimbo chaiyo yezvigadzirwa zvesimbi, zvichibvumira kunyatsoongorora panguva yekuchera. Izvi zvinoderedza njodzi yekukuvadza zvinhu zvisina kusimba uye zvinoita kuti kunyange zvinhu zvidiki zviwanikwe uye zvichengetedzwe.
Mafungiro Etsika uye Zvinetso
Kunyange zvazvo michina yekuongorora simbi ichipa mabhenefiti akawanda, kushandiswa kwayo mukuongorora matongo kunounza matambudziko akati wandei etsika uye anoshanda. Chimwe chinhu chinonyanya kushungurudza ndechekuti panogona kubiwa zvinhu zvakawanda. Kufarirwa kwekuongorora simbi pakati pevanoda zvinhu zvesimbi kwakaita kuti pave nekuchera zvinhu zvisina mvumo uye kutengeswa kwezvinhu zvisiri pamutemo. Izvi hazvingokuvadzi nzvimbo dzekuchera matongo chete asiwo zvinobvisa ruzivo rwakakosha munharaunda yesainzi.
Kuti vaderedze njodzi idzi, nyika dzakawanda dzakaisa mitemo inotonga kushandiswa kwezvishandiso zvekuongorora simbi munzvimbo dzekuchera matongo. Mapemiti nemarezinesi zvinowanzodiwa, uye zvinhu zvakawanikwa zvinofanira kutaurwa kune vane masimba akakodzera. Nyanzvi dzekuchera matongo dzinoshanda pamwe chete nemasangano ekuchengetedza matongerwo enyika nemasangano enhaka kurwisa kuchera zvisiri pamutemo uye kuona kuti zvakawanikwa zvakanyorwa uye zvakachengetedzwa nemazvo.
Chimwe chinetso ndechekududzira zvinhu zvakaonekwa. Zvishandiso zvekuongorora simbi zvinogona kuona kuvapo kwezvinhu zvesimbi, asi hazvigone kupa ruzivo rwakananga nezvechinhu chacho, zera, kana hukama hwetsika pasina kuongorora kwakawanda. Izvi zvinoda nzira dzakasiyana-siyana, dzinosanganisira vanochera matongo, vanyori venhoroondo, uye masayendisiti ezvinhu kuti vatsanangure zvakawanikwa nemazvo.
Uyezve, michina yekuongorora simbi ine muganho mukukwanisa kwayo kuona zvinhu zvisiri zvesimbi, izvo zvinoumba chikamu chikuru chetsika yezvinhu zvekuchera matongo. Nokudaro, nepo michina yekuongorora simbi ichivandudza tsvakiridzo yezvekuchera matongo, haigone kutsiva nzira dzechinyakare uye matekiniki akakwana ekuchera.
Nyaya dzeKubudirira uye Zvakawanikwa Zvakakosha
Kushandiswa kwemidziyo yekuona simbi mukuongorora matongo kwakakonzera kuwanikwa kwakawanda kunoshamisa. Muenzaniso mumwe chete unoshamisa iStaffordshire Hoard, yakawanikwa muna 2009 nenyanzvi yekuona simbi muEngland. Iyi pfuma yezvinhu zvegoridhe nesirivha zveAnglo-Saxon, zvinobva muzana remakore rechi7, ndeimwe yezvakawanikwa zvakakosha munhoroondo yezvekuchera matongo muBritain, zvichipa ruzivo rwakakosha muhunyanzvi hwenguva iyoyo.
Chimwe chinhu chinoshamisa chakawanikwa ipfuma yeViking yakawanikwa pachitsuwa cheHjarno muDenmark muna 2018. Nyanzvi dzekuongorora simbi dzakawana muunganidzwa wezvishongo zvegoridhe nesirivha, mari, nezvimwe zvinhu zvekare kwemakore anopfuura chiuru. Kuwanikwa uku kwakapa vaongorori kunzwisisa kwakadzama kwenzvimbo dzekutengeserana dzeViking uye mamiriro emagariro evanhu.
mhedziso
Midziyo yekuona simbi yave chishandiso chakakosha mukuchera matongo kwemazuva ano, ichichinja nzira iyo vaongorori vanoongorora nekududzira zvakapfuura. Kukwanisa kwayo kuwana nekuwanazve zvinhu zvesimbi nemazvo uye zvinobudirira kwakavhura nzira itsva dzekutsvaga zvinhu zvekuchera matongo, zvichitungamira mukuwana zvinhu zvitsva uye kuwedzera kunzwisisa kwedu nhoroondo yevanhu.
Zvisinei, matambudziko etsika uye anoshanda ane chekuita nekuongorora simbi anoda kutarisirwa kwakanyatsonaka kuti ave nechokwadi chekuti mabhenefiti acho anopfuura njodzi. Kuburikidza nekushandisa zvine hungwaru, kushandira pamwe, uye mitemo, michina yekuongorora simbi inogona kuramba iri chinhu chine simba mukutsvaga nekuchengetedza pfuma yenhaka yedu yatinogovana.
