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Application of conservation of mechanical energy for motion on inclined plane – problems and solutions

1. A block slides down on smooth inclined plane without friction. What is block’s velocity when hits the ground. Acceleration due to gravity is 10 m/s2

Application of conservation of mechanical energy for motion on inclined plane 1Known :

Height (h) = 8 m

Acceleration due to gravity (g) = 10 m/s2

Wanted : velocity (v)

Solution :

Initial mechanical energy (MEo) = gravitational potential energy (PE)

MEo = PE = m g h = m (10)(8) = 80 m

Final mechanical energy (MEt) = kinetic energy (KE)

MEt = KE = ½ m v2

Principle of conservation of mechanical energy states that the initial mechanical energy = the final mechanical energy :

MEo = MEt

80 m = ½ m v2

80 = ½ v2

160 = v2

v = √160 = √(16)(10) = 4√10 m/s

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2. A 1-kg object slides down along 8 meters. Determine kinetic energy after the object moves along 5 meters… Acceleration due to gravity g = 10 m/s2

Application of conservation of mechanical energy for motion on inclined plane 2Known :

Mass (m) = 0.2 kg

d = 5 meters

Acceleration due to gravity (g) = 10 m/s2

Wanted : kinetic energy (KE)

Solution :

sin 30o = h / d

0.5 = h / 5

h = (0.5)(5) = 2.5 meters

The change in height of the object is 2.5 meters.

The initial mechanical energy (MEo) = the gravitational potential energy (PE)

MEo = PE = m g h = (1)(10)(2.5) = 25 Joule

The final mechanical energy (MEt) = kinetic energy (KE)

MEt = KE

The principle of conservation of mechanical energy states that the initial mechanical energy = the final mechanical energy :

MEo = MEt

25 = KE

Kinetic energy = 25 Joule.

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