Physics

# Article on Geometric and Physical Optics ## Introduction to Optics Optics is the branch of physics that deals with the behavior and properties of light, including its interactions with matter and the instruments used to detect it. It encompasses both light’s visible spectrum and other forms of radiation such as ultraviolet and infrared light. … Read more

# Article: Understanding Hooke’s Law – Formulas and Example Problems Hooke’s Law is a fundamental principle in physics that describes the behavior of springs and other elastic materials. Robert Hooke, an English scientist, first formulated the law in 1678. It states that the force needed to extend or compress a spring by some distance is … Read more

### Article: Basic Concepts of String Theory String theory is a theoretical framework in which the point-like particles of particle physics are replaced by one-dimensional objects known as strings. These strings can vibrate at different frequencies, and the various modes of vibration are thought to correspond to the elementary particles of the Standard Model. String … Read more

# Relationship Between Energy and Light Frequency The relationship between energy and light frequency is one of the fundamental concepts in the field of optics and quantum mechanics. It is a principle that applies to all electromagnetic radiation, of which visible light is one example. Light behaves both as a wave and as a particle, … Read more

# Understanding Earth’s Magnetic Field ## Introduction Earth’s magnetic field is an all-encompassing natural phenomenon that plays a critical role in our planet’s ability to support life. Besides shielding the surface from solar winds and cosmic rays, the geomagnetic field helps in navigation for both humans and migratory animals. This complex system, though often compared … Read more

# The Fascinating World of Particle Physics: Studies and Discoveries Particle physics is an enthralling branch of science that delves into the fundamental building blocks of matter and the forces governing their interactions. By studying particles such as quarks, leptons, bosons, and hadrons, scientists strive to unravel the mysteries of the universe at its smallest … Read more

# Theory of Mechanical Waves Mechanical waves are disturbances that travel through a medium, transferring energy from one location to another. Unlike electromagnetic waves, mechanical waves require a material medium (like air, water, or a solid structure) to propagate. As the wave moves, particles in the medium oscillate around their equilibrium positions, but they do … Read more

# Understanding Static and Dynamic Fluids: Concepts, Equations, and Example Problems Fluid mechanics is the branch of physics concerned with the behavior of fluids at rest (statics) and in motion (dynamics). It addresses numerous phenomena and practical applications, from the circulation of the blood in the body to the design of complex fluid machinery. ## … Read more

# The Working Principle of a Carnot Engine ## Introduction The Carnot engine is the most efficient theoretical heat engine as defined by the laws of thermodynamics. Devised in 1824 by French physicist Sadi Carnot, it serves as a fundamental benchmark for all heat engines. Although a Carnot engine cannot be practically constructed, its principles … Read more

# How to Calculate Work and Energy Understanding the concepts of work and energy is essential in the field of physics. These concepts are not only theoretical but also have practical applications in everyday life. Work is done when a force is applied to an object and the object moves through a distance as a … Read more