Physics

1. Nthawi ya kusagwira ntchito bwino kwa tinthu tating'onoting'ono

Unikani tinthu tozungulira. Tinthu tomwe tili ndi kulemera kwa m timapatsidwa mphamvu ya F kuti tinthuto tizizungulira mozungulira mzere wa O. Tinthuto tili r kutali ndi mzere wozungulira. Choyamba, tinthuto timakhala pampando (v = 0). Tikasuntha ndi mphamvu ya F, tinthuto timayenda ndi liwiro linalake kuti tinthuto tizikhala ndi kuthamanga kwa tangential. Ubale pakati pa mphamvu (F), kulemera (m), ndi kuthamanga kwa tangential kwa tinthuto umafotokozedwa ndi equation 3:

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Tanthauzo la Mphamvu yamagetsi

Mu conductor monga mkuwa, pali ma elekitironi omwe amayenda mwachisawawa pa liwiro lalikulu koma satuluka mu chitsulocho. Ma elekitironi omwe amatha kuyenda momasuka amatchedwa ma elekitironi aulere. Ngakhale ma elekitironi amayenda momasuka mbali zonse, palibe kuyenda konse kwa ma elekitironi mbali ina. Izi zimachitika pamene palibe kusiyana komwe kungachitike pakati pa malekezero awiri a waya wamkuwa.

Pamene waya walumikizidwa ku gwero lamagetsi, kusiyana komwe kungachitike kumachitika pakati pa malekezero awiri a waya wamkuwa, kotero kuti gawo lamagetsi limawonekera mkati mwa waya wamkuwa. Kukhalapo kwa gawo lamagetsi kumapangitsa ma elekitironi aulere kuti amve mphamvu yamagetsi F = q E = e E, komwe F = mphamvu yamagetsi , e = mphamvu yamagetsi, E = gawo lamagetsi . Mphamvu yamagetsi iyi imapangitsa ma elekitironi onse omwe akuyenda momasuka kuti ayende limodzi, komwe kuli mbali yomweyo ndi mphamvu yamagetsi.

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Nkhani yokhudza Tanthauzo la capacitor

Tanthauzo la capacitor ndi chipangizo chomwe chimasunga mphamvu zamagetsi ndi mphamvu zamagetsi. Capacitor yosavuta imakhala ndi mbale ziwiri kapena mapepala oyendetsera magetsi omwe amayikidwa pafupi koma osakhudzana ndipo amalekanitsidwa ndi chotetezera magetsi kapena vacuum. Ma conductor ndi zinthu zomwe zimatha kuyendetsa magetsi monga zitsulo, pomwe zotetezera magetsi ndi zinthu zomwe sizingathe kuyendetsa magetsi monga pulasitiki.

Poyamba, ma conductor awiriwa sali ndi mphamvu zamagetsi kapena magetsi. Kuti conductor mmodzi akhale ndi mphamvu zabwino ndipo conductor wina akhale ndi mphamvu zoipa, payenera kukhala kusamutsa ma elekitironi kuchokera ku conductor wina kupita ku wina. Ma elekitironi ali pamwamba pa atomu, kotero amakhala osavuta kusuntha. Ma elekitironi akasuntha kuchoka ku conductor wina kupita ku wina, conductor mmodzi amakhala ndi ma elekitironi ochulukirapo (kusowa ma proton)

kotero kuti imakhala ndi chaji yoipa, pomwe kondakitala winayo ali ndi vuto la electron (proton yochulukirapo) kotero kuti imakhala ndi chaji yabwino. Kufotokozera mwatsatanetsatane za njira yolipirira magetsi pa ma capacitor kwawunikidwanso pankhani yosungira mphamvu zamagetsi mu ma capacitor.

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Tanthauzo la mphamvu yamagetsi

Mphamvu yamagetsi imafotokozedwa ngati mphamvu yamagetsi pa unit charge. Tiyerekeze kuti ikakhala pa point a, charge q ili ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yofanana ndi EP _a , ndiye kuti mphamvu yamagetsi pa point a imapangidwa motere:

V = mphamvu yamagetsi, EP = mphamvu yamagetsi, q = mphamvu yamagetsi

V si pa mfundo a yokha komanso pa mfundo zonse zamagetsi . Mfundo a imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati chitsanzo. Monga momwe tidzafotokozera pambuyo pake, V sidalira mphamvu ya q.

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Nkhani yokhudza mphamvu zamagetsi

Musanaphunzire nkhaniyi, choyamba mvetsetsani ntchito, mphamvu zosungira, ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa mphamvu zosungira ndi mphamvu zomwe zingatheke , mphamvu zamagetsi ndi gawo lamagetsi.

Mphamvu yamagetsi ndi mphamvu yosunga malamulo

Kuwonjezera pa mphamvu yokoka ndi mphamvu ya masika, chitsanzo china cha mphamvu yosunga zinthu zakale ndi mphamvu yamagetsi. Kuti mumvetse bwino chifukwa chake mphamvu yamagetsi imatchedwa mphamvu yosunga zinthu zakale, mvetsetsani kufotokozera kumeneku.

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Nkhani yokhudza Kudziwa munda wamagetsi pogwiritsa ntchito lamulo la Gauss

Malo amagetsi ndi mphamvu imodzi yokha

Kuti muwerengere mphamvu yamagetsi yopangidwa ndi mphamvu imodzi yokha, gawo loyamba ndikusankha malo ozungulira a Gauss okhala ndi radius r pomwe pakati pa mpirawo pali mphamvu imodzi yokha. Malo a pamwamba pa mpira ndi 4πr².

Mphamvu yamagetsi yochokera pakati pa mpirawo imalowa molunjika pamwamba pa mpirawo kotero kuti njira yamagetsi yotulukira ndi Φ = E A. Njira ya lamulo la Gauss ndi Φ = Q/ε _o

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Nkhani yokhudza lamulo la Gauss

Ponena za lamulo la Coulomb , mphamvu pakati pa magetsi yaphunziridwa. Mu ndemanga ya gawo lamagetsi, mtundu wina wa lamulo la Coulomb wafotokozedwa, womwe umafotokozedwa ndi equation F = q E,

kumene F ndi mphamvu yamagetsi, q ndi mphamvu yamagetsi ndipo E ndi mphamvu yamagetsi. Tinganene kuti lamulo la Coulomb ndi lamulo la fizikisi lomwe limafotokoza ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa mphamvu yamagetsi (q) ndi mphamvu yamagetsi (E).

Lamulo la Gauss ndi lamulo lina la fizikisi lomwe limafotokoza ubale womwe ulipo pakati pa magetsi ndi magetsi. Lamulo la Gauss linapangidwa ndi Carl Friedrich Gauss (1777-1855), katswiri wa sayansi ya sayansi ya zakuthambo komanso masamu waku Germany.

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Tanthauzo la kayendedwe ka magetsi

Ponena za gawo lamagetsi, takambirana tanthauzo ndi equation ya gawo lamagetsi lomwe lingagwiritsidwe ntchito kuwerengera mphamvu yamagetsi yopangidwa ndi chaji yamagetsi, ma chaji angapo amagetsi kapena kugawa kwa chaji yamagetsi. Kuwerengera mphamvu yamagetsi yopangidwa ndi chaji yamagetsi kapena ma chaji awiri amagetsi kumathetsedwa mosavuta pogwiritsa ntchito njira ya mphamvu yamagetsi. Ngati chomwe chikuwerengedwa ndi mphamvu yamagetsi yopangidwa ndi kugawa kwa chaji yamagetsi, kuwerengera kumakhala kovuta kwambiri ngati njira yamphamvu yamagetsi yogwiritsidwa ntchito, koma ndikosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito lamulo la Gauss . Musanaphunzire mozama lamulo la Gauss, choyamba mvetsetsani kusuntha kwamagetsi chifukwa cha lingaliro la kusuntha kwamagetsi komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito mu lamulo la Gauss.

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