Ngā Rama Hikoi me ngā Rama LED: Te Whakataurite i ngā Kōwhiringa Pai rawa atu mō ō Hiahia Rama
I te ao rama, kei te haere tonu te whanaketanga o te hangarau, e whakarato ana i ngā otinga whai hua ake, penapena pūngao, me te hoa taiao. E rua ngā momo rama rongonui ko ngā rama hihiko me ngā rama LED. He āhuatanga ahurei ō rāua, me ngā painga me ngā ngoikoretanga motuhake. I roto i tēnei tuhinga, ka whakatauritehia e mātou ēnei momo rama e rua kia taea ai e koe te whakatau ko tēhea te mea e pai ana ki ō hiahia.
Hītori me te Kupu Whakataki Poto
Ngā rama hihiko
I te tīmatanga o te rautau 20, i whakaurua tuatahitia ngā rama neon e Georges Claude, he kaipūtaiao Wīwī. Ka whakamahia e tēnei hangarau te hau neon i wehea i roto i tētahi ngongo karāhe. Ina pā te iahiko hiko i roto i te hau neon, ka tiaho mai he mārama motuhake—he whero, he karaka rānei te nuinga. Heoi, mā te whakaranu i ngā hau rerekē me ngā rauemi phosphor, ka taea te whakaputa i ngā momo tae rerekē. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā rama neon i roto i ngā tohu toa, ngā papa pānuitanga, me ngā whakapaipai nā te mea ka taea e rātou te whakaputa mārama kanapa, ātaahua.
Ngā rama LED
I puta mai ngā rama Diode Whakaputa Marama (LED) i muri i ngā rama hihiko. I hangaia te hangarau LED i te tau 1962 e Nick Holonyak Jr., ā, i whakamahia tuatahitia te hangarau LED i roto i ngā taputapu tohu iti. Heoi, i te whanaketanga o te hangarau, kua whānuitia te whakamahinga o ngā LED i roto i ngā momo whakamahinga rama. Ka whakamahia e ngā LED ngā rauemi haurua-ira hei tuku i te mārama ina rere te iahiko hiko mā roto i a rātou. E mōhiotia ana tēnei hangarau mō tōna tino whai huatanga me tōna roa o te ora.
Te Whai Hua o te Pūngao me te Pānga ki te Taiao
Mō te whai hua o te pūngao, he nui ake te pai o ngā rama LED i ngā rama hihiko. He nui ake te whai hua o ngā rama hihiko i ngā rama mura tuku iho, engari he nui ake tonu te pūngao e hiahiatia ana i ngā rama LED.
Ngā rama hihiko
– Te Whakapaunga Pūngao: Me whakamahi ngā rama neon i te ngaohiko teitei hei whakakoi i te hau i roto i te ngongo. Ahakoa he pai ake te penapena pūngao i ngā rama mura, he iti ake te whai huatanga i ngā rama LED.
– Ngā Pānga ki te Taiao: Kei roto i ngā rama neon te mercury, he mea morearea ki te taiao mēnā kāore e hangarua, e maka atu rānei i te huarahi tika. Hei tāpiri, ko te hanga me te maka atu o ngā rama neon ka poke pea i te wai me te oneone.
Ngā rama LED
– Te Whakamahinga Pūngao: He tino penapena pūngao ngā rama LED. Ka taea e rātou te whakarato i te māramatanga ōrite, te māramatanga kanapa rānei, engari he iti ake te pūngao e whakamahia ana. E whakaatu ana ētahi pūrongo he 80% te pai ake o te whakamahinga o ngā rama LED i ngā rama hihiko.
– Ngā Pānga ki te Taiao: Kāore he mercury, he rauemi paitini rānei i roto i ngā rama LED, ā, he pai ake mō te taiao. Hei tāpiri, ko te roa o te ora o ngā rama LED ka whakaiti i te auau o te whakakapinga, ā, nō reira, ka whakaiti i te nui o ngā para.
Te pakari me te roanga o te ora
He mea nui te pakari me te roa o te ora mō te whiriwhiri i te rama tika. Ina whakaarohia ngā utu whakakapinga me ngā utu tiaki, he mea nui te pakari o te rama.
Ngā rama hihiko
– Te Roa o te Ora: Ko te roanga o te ora o ngā rama neon he 10.000 ki te 15.000 hāora te roa, i runga i te whakamahinga me te kounga o te hua. Heoi, ka heke te whai huatanga o ngā rama neon i roto i te wā, ā, ka tīmata pea ngā ngongo neon ki te kimo, ki te memeha rānei i mua i te pakaru.
– Te Pakari: He pai te pumau o ngā rama hihiko, engari he ngāwari ki te pāngia me te karawarawa e ngā ngongo karāhe. Mēnā ka pakaru te ngongo, ka pakaru rawa te rama.
Ngā rama LED
– Te Roanga Ora: E mōhiotia ana ngā rama LED mō te roa o te ora, e 25.000 ki te 50.000 hāora, neke atu rānei. Ka pumau tonu te kanapa puta noa i te roanga o te ora, ā, ka mau tonu te kounga o te rama.
– Te Pakari: He kōwhiringa pakari ngā rama LED nā te mea he mea hanga ki ngā rauemi pakari, ātete ki te ru. Kāore he ngongo karāhe pakarukaru, nā reira he ātete ake ki te kino ā-tinana.
Te Kounga me te Whakamahinga o te Mārama
He rerekē ngā āhuatanga mārama o ngā rama hikohiko me ngā rama LED, ā, ka taea te whakamahi i roto i ngā tono rerekē.
Ngā rama hihiko
– Te Kounga o te Mārama: He tino pono ngā rama neon ki te whakaputa i te mārama kanapa, tae e kitea ana mai i tawhiti. Nā te hau neon e whakamahia ana, he kanapa ake, he kaha ake hoki ngā tae e puta mai ana. Nā tēnei ka pai ake ngā rama neon mō ngā tohu toa me ngā rama whakapaipai.
– Ngā Whakamahinga: Haunga ngā papa pānui me ngā whakapaipai, ka whakamahia hoki ngā rama neon i roto i ētahi mahi o roto, pērā i te rama whakapaipai me ngā huānga hoahoa toi. Heoi, nā te nui me te taumaha o te nuinga o te wā, kāore i te tino whai hua ngā rama neon mō ētahi mahi o te whare.
Ngā rama LED
– Te Kounga Mārama: He tino ngāwari ngā rama LED ki te whakaputa i te whānuitanga o ngā tae me te kounga o te mārama. Ka taea e rātou te whakaputa i te mārama mā kanapa, i ngā momo tae rānei. Hei tāpiri, ka taea te whakarerekē i ngā rama LED hou kia huri ai te pāmahana tae me ngā taumata kanapa ina hiahiatia.
– Ngā Whakamahinga: He whānuitia ngā whakamahinga o ngā rama LED, mai i ngā rama whare me ngā rama tiriti ki ngā mata pouaka whakaata me ngā taputapu kawe. Nā tēnei maha o ngā whakamahinga ka piki haere te rongonui o ngā rama LED puta noa i te whānuitanga o ngā ahumahi me ngā rāngai whakamahinga.
Ngā Utu mō te Wā Roa me te Whai Hua o ngā Utu
Ina tae ki ngā utu tīmatanga me te whai huatanga o ngā utu mō te wā roa, he maha ngā āhuatanga hei whakaaroaro.
Ngā rama hihiko
– Te Utu Tīmatanga: Ko te utu tīmatanga he iti ake i ngā rama rama LED. Heoi, ka rerekē pea ngā utu i runga i te rahi me te hoahoa.
– Ngā Utu mō te Wā Roa: Nā te poto o te roa o te ora me te hiahia kia nui ake te tiaki me te whakakapinga, ka nui ake pea ngā utu mō te wā roa. Hei tāpiri, ko te nui ake o te whakapaunga pūngao ki te whakataurite ki ngā LED ka piki ake ngā utu whakahaere mō te wā roa.
Ngā rama LED
– Te Utu Tīmatanga: He nui ake te utu tīmatanga o ngā rama LED i ngā rama hihiko. Heoi anō, kei te piki haere te utu o te hangarau LED i te haere o te wā, me te piki haere o te hanga papatipu.
– Ngā Utu mō te Wā Roa: He roa ake te ora o ngā rama LED, ā, he pai ake hoki te whakamahi i te pūngao, ā, he nui ake ngā penapena utu mō te wā roa. Ko te haumitanga tuatahi teitei ake ka whakakorengia e ngā penapena i ngā pire hiko me te whakaiti i te auau o te whakakapinga.
Whakamutunga
I te wā e whiriwhiri ana i waenga i ngā rama hiato me ngā rama LED, he mea nui kia whai whakaaro ki ngā momo āhuatanga tae atu ki te pai o te pūngao, te pānga ki te taiao, te roa o te ora, te kounga o te rama, te ngāwari o te whakamahinga, me te utu whānui.
Ko ngā rama neon pea te mea pai rawa atu mō ngā tono e hiahia ana ki te mārama kanapa, kaha, pērā i ngā tohu me ngā whakapaipai pānuitanga. Heoi, mō te nuinga o ngā tono rama hou, ko ngā rama LED te mea pai rawa atu nā te mea he pai ake te whai hua o te pūngao, he roa te ora, he ngāwari te whakamahi, ā, he iti ake te pānga ki te taiao.
I te haere tonu o te whanaketanga o te hangarau rama, he tūponotanga ka noho tonu ngā rama LED hei rangatira mō te nuinga o te mākete rama, ko ngā rama hihiko ia ka noho tonu i roto i ngā mākete motuhake e whakanui ana i ō rātou āhuatanga rama ahurei me te motuhake.
