He Aratohu mō te Kōwhiri i tētahi Pūtake Raraunga NoSQL mō ngā Kaupapa Nui
I tēnei ao matihiko, he nui haere ngā kamupene e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā raraunga hei whakatau tere ake, hei whakatau pai ake hoki. I te tipu haere o ngā raraunga, ka nui haere te hiranga o te whiriwhiri i ngā otinga rokiroki raraunga. Kua puta ake ngā pātengi raraunga NoSQL (Ehara i te SQL anake) hei huarahi rongonui ki ngā pātengi raraunga whanaungatanga tuku iho, inā koa mō ngā kaupapa nui e hiahia ana ki te tauine teitei me te ngāwari o te hoahoa kaupapa. Heoi, ehara i te mea ngāwari te whiriwhiri i te pātengi raraunga NoSQL tika. Ka whakaratohia e tēnei tuhinga he aratohu whānui mō te hunga e hiahia ana ki te whiriwhiri i te pātengi raraunga NoSQL tino tika mō tāu kaupapa nui.
He aha i NoSQL ai?
I mua i te urunga atu ki ngā āhuatanga whakatau mō te whiriwhiri i tētahi pātengi raraunga NoSQL, he mea nui kia mārama koe he aha koe i hiahia ai ki te whiriwhiri i te NoSQL i runga ake i tētahi pātengi raraunga whanaungatanga tuku iho.
1. Te Āhua Tauine: Kua hangaia ngā pātengi raraunga NoSQL kia ngāwari te tauine whakapae. Ko te tikanga ka taea e koe te tāpiri atu i ētahi atu tūmau hei whakahaere i ngā kawenga mahi kua piki ake, me te kore e tino whakaiti i te mahi.
2. Ngāwari o te Kaupapa: Kāore e rite ki ngā pātengi raraunga whanaungatanga, kāore ngā pātengi raraunga NoSQL e hiahia ki tētahi kaupapa pumau. Mā tēnei ka taea e koe te whakahaere i ngā raraunga kore hanganga, ngā raraunga haurua-hanganga rānei me te ngāwari ake.
3. Tere o te Uru ki ngā Raraunga: He maha ngā pātengi raraunga NoSQL e tuku ana i ngā wā uru tere rawa mō te pānui me te tuhi raraunga, he mea nui tēnei mō ngā tono he nui ngā whakaritenga mahi.
4. Te Whai Hua ki ngā Raraunga Hou: He tino pai ngā pātengi raraunga NoSQL mō ngā momo raraunga hou pēnei i ngā raraunga rongorau maha, ngā raraunga pūoko IoT, me ngā raraunga whatunga pāpori.
Ngā Momo Pūtake Raraunga NoSQL
I mua i te whiriwhiri i tētahi pātengi raraunga NoSQL, me mārama koe ki ngā momo hangarau NoSQL e wātea ana:
1. Rokiroki Tuhinga: Ka rongoa e ngā pātengi raraunga pēnei i a MongoDB me CouchDB ngā raraunga i roto i ngā whakatakotoranga tuhinga (hei tauira, JSON, BSON). He pai ēnei mō ngā tono e whakahaere ana i ngā raraunga hanganga-haurua.
2. Te Penapena Pou: Ko ngā pātengi raraunga pēnei i a Apache Cassandra me HBase ka penapena raraunga ki roto i ngā pou, ehara i te rarangi. E mōhiotia ana rātou mō tō rātou kaha ki te whakawhanui whakapae.
3. Toa Kauwhata: He pātengi raraunga pēnei i a Neo4j i hangaia hei penapena me te whakahaere i ngā raraunga tino hono, pēnei i ngā whatunga pāpori me ngā pūnaha taunakitanga.
4. Te Penapena Uara-Kī: Ka rongoa ngā pātengi raraunga pēnei i a Redis me DynamoDB i ngā raraunga hei takirua uara-kī. He tino tere, he pai hoki mō te pupuri raraunga me ngā tono wā-tūturu.
Ngā Take hei Whakaaroaro
1. Ngā Momo Raraunga me ngā Hanganga
Tuatahi, me whakatau koe i te momo raraunga ka rongoatia e koe. He hanganga, he hanganga-haurua, he kore hanganga rānei? Hei tauira, ki te rongoa koe i ngā raraunga i roto i te hōputu JSON, ko te pātengi raraunga tuhinga pēnei i a MongoDB te mea pai rawa atu. Mō ngā raraunga tino hono, ka taea e te pātengi raraunga kauwhata pēnei i a Neo4j te tuku i te tino whai huatanga.
2. Te Whakawhanuitanga
He mea nui te tauinetanga mō ngā kaupapa nui. Me tauinetanga whakapae (tāpiri atu i ētahi atu tūmau) me tauinetanga poutū rānei (tāpiri kaha ki ngā tūmau o nāianei) tō tono? Hei tauira, he kōwhiringa pai a Apache Cassandra mō te tauinetanga whakapae nā te mea kua hangaia hei mahi i runga i ngā tautau nui.
3. Te Mahi
Ko tētahi atu āhuatanga nui ko te mahi pānui/tuhi. Mena he nui te mahi tuhituhi e hiahiatia ana e tō tono, ko Redis, ko DynamoDB rānei, e tuku ana i ngā wā whakautu tuhituhi me te pānui tere rawa, te kōwhiringa pai pea.
4. Tautoko Hapori me te Pūnaha Taiao
Kōwhiria he pātengi raraunga he kaha te tautoko a te hapori, ā, he rauropi hohe hoki. He nui ngā hapori o ngā pātengi raraunga tuwhera-pūtake pērā i a MongoDB me Cassandra e whakarato ana i te āwhina hangarau me te tautoko, ā, he tino āwhina ēnei ki te whakatau i ngā take hangarau maha.
5. Te Pūmautanga me te Wātea
I roto i te ao NoSQL, he tauwhitinga kei waenganui i te ōritetanga me te wāteatanga, e mōhiotia ana ko te ariā CAP. Me whakatau koe ko tēhea te mea nui ake mō tō tono. Hei tauira, mō ngā tono e aro ana ki te ōritetanga raraunga, he pai ake pea te whakamahi i tētahi pātengi raraunga pēnei i a MongoDB, e tuku ana i te ōritetanga kaha. I tetahi atu taha, mō ngā tono e hiahia ana ki te wāteatanga nui, he pai ake pea te whiriwhiri i a Cassandra, e tuku ana i te wāteatanga nui.
6. Haumarutanga
He āhuatanga e warewarehia ana te haumarutanga i te wā e whiriwhiri ana i tētahi pātengi raraunga. Me whakarite kia whakaratohia e te pātengi raraunga NoSQL e whiriwhiria ana e koe ngā āhuatanga haumarutanga whānui pērā i te whakamunatanga raraunga, te manatoko, me te whakamanatanga.
7. Ngā Utu me ngā Raihana
Hei whakamutunga, me whakaaro anō hoki koe ki te utu me te raihana. Ko ētahi pātengi raraunga NoSQL, pērā i a MongoDB me Redis, e tuku ana i ngā putanga tuwhera-pūtake ka taea te whakamahi kore utu, engari kei reira anō ngā putanga arumoni me ngā āhuatanga tāpiri.
Akoranga Take: Te Kōwhiri i tētahi Pūtake Raraunga NoSQL mō tētahi Kaupapa Nui
Hei whakarato i tētahi pikitia mārama ake, me titiro tātou ki ētahi tauira motuhake:
1. E-tauhokohoko
He nui te mahi me te kaha ki te whakawhanui i tētahi tūāpapa hokohoko ipurangi nui. He otinga pai te pātengi raraunga tuhinga pēnei i a MongoDB nā te mea ka taea e ia te whakahaere i ngā raraunga hua uaua, ngā taonga, me ngā tauwhitinga. Ka tukuna e MongoDB te ngāwari o te kaupapa, e āhei ai te whakahaere ngāwari i ngā momo raraunga (hei tauira, ngā whakaahuatanga hua, ngā arotake a te kiritaki). Hei tāpiri, ka tukuna e MongoDB ngā āhuatanga tāruarua me te wehewehe e āhei ai te tohatoha raraunga puta noa i ngā tūmau maha, e tutuki ai te hiahia mō te whakawhanui whakapae.
2. Ngā Whatunga Pāpori
Kei roto i ngā whatunga pāpori ngā raraunga tino hono, pērā i ngā whanaungatanga me ngā taunekeneke a ngā kaiwhakamahi (ngā pai, ngā kōrero, ngā tiritiri). He pai ngā pātengi raraunga kauwhata pērā i a Neo4j mō ēnei momo tono nā te mea kua arotauhia mō te whakahaere me te tukatuka tere i ngā raraunga tino hono. Mā Neo4j ka taea te whakahaere pai i ngā patai kauwhata uaua, he mea tino whai hua mō te tātari i ngā whanaungatanga kaiwhakamahi.
3. Ngā Taupānga IoT
Ko te tikanga, ka kohia e ngā tono Ipurangi o ngā Mea (IoT) he nui ngā raraunga mai i ngā pūoko rerekē, ā, me tukatuka i te wā tūturu. I konei, he kōwhiringa pai a Apache Cassandra, InfluxDB rānei, i hangaia hei whakahaere i ngā raraunga raupapa-wā. He nui te tauine a Cassandra me te kaha ki te whakahaere i ngā tere tuhi teitei, he mea tino pai mō te whakahaere i te rerenga tonu o ngā raraunga mai i ngā taputapu IoT rerekē.
4. Tātari Raraunga Nui
Mō ngā kamupene e aro ana ki te tātari raraunga nui, he mea nui te kaha ki te penapena me te tātari i ngā raraunga nui. He pātengi raraunga poutū a HBase i hangaia hei mahi i runga i a Hadoop, he mea tino pai mō ngā hiahia tātari uaua. Mā te whakaurunga kaha ki te pūnaha Hadoop, ka taea e HBase te tātari raraunga nui kia pai ake te whai hua.
Whakamutunga
Ko te whiriwhiri i te pātengi raraunga NoSQL tika mō tētahi kaupapa nui me mārama koe ki ngā hiahia o tō tono, te momo raraunga e whakahaerehia ana, me ngā āhuatanga hangarau rerekē o ia momo pātengi raraunga NoSQL. Mā te whakaaro ki ngā āhuatanga kua whakahuatia ake nei, pērā i te momo raraunga, te tauine, te mahi, te hapori, te ōritetanga, te haumarutanga, me te utu, ka taea e koe te whakatau whai whakaaro ake.
Kia maumahara kāore he otinga kotahi e pai ana mō te katoa. Ko te kōwhiringa pai rawa atu e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā hiahia motuhake o tō tono me ngā whakataunga e pai ana koe ki te mahi i runga i te mahi, te ōritetanga, me te whai huatanga o te utu. Mā te huarahi tika, ka taea e koe te whakanui ake i te kaha o ngā pātengi raraunga NoSQL ki te tautoko i ō kaupapa nui me te whakatutuki i te angitu.
