Me pēhea te whakapai ake i te hauora o te pūnaha rauropi o te ngahere mā te tiaki taiao
Ko ngā ngahere tētahi o ngā pou matua o te ora i runga i te Ao. He puna waro ēnei, he whakahaere i te huringa wai, he nohoanga mō ngā miriona momo, ā, he oranga mō ngā hapori maha. Heoi anō, ko ngā pēhanga ki ngā ngahere—mai i te whakangaromanga ngahere, ngā ahi, te whakawhānui ahuwhenua, me te whakamahi rauemi—kei te whakaiti i te hauora o ngā pūnaha rauropi o te ngahere. Ina kore e hauora ngā pūnaha rauropi o te ngahere, ka pāngia ngā kararehe me ngā tipu e ngā pānga, engari e te tangata anō hoki: ngā waipuke, ngā tauraki, te pirau o te oneone , me te pikinga o ngā tukunga hau kati kōtuhi. Nō reira, ko te tiaki taiao te mea nui ki te whakaora me te whakapai ake i te hauora o ngā pūnaha rauropi o te ngahere.
Te mārama ki te "hauora" o ngā pūnaha rauropi o te ngahere
Ehara i te mea he maha noa ngā rākau te tikanga o te pūnaha rauropi hauora o te ngahere. He nui te kanorau koiora o te ngahere hauora, he hanganga tipu paparua (mai i te ngahere ki te tihi), he nui te oneone i ngā mea rauropi, he pumau ngā mahi wai, me ngā taunekeneke taiao noa—pērā i te whakapūpū, te horapa o ngā purapura, me ngā mekameka kai. Ka kiia hoki he hauora te ngahere mēnā ka taea e ia te ora mai i ngā raruraru taiao pērā i ngā awha, i ngā ahi iti rānei, me te kore e ngaro ana mahi matua. Arā, he ngahere pakari te ngahere hauora.
He mahi nui tā te tiaki taiao hei whakarite kia tika te mahi a ēnei wāhanga katoa, ehara i te mea ko te tiaki noa i ngā wāhi ngahere. Ko ngā mahi tiaki taiao whai hua e whakakotahi ana i te tiaki, te whakaora, me te whakahaere tika.
1. Tiakina ngā wāhi he nui te uara tiaki
Ko te taahiraa tuatahi ki te whakapai ake i te hauora o ngā pūnaha rauropi ngahere ko te tiaki i ngā wāhi e ora tonu ana, e nui ana rānei te uara o te koiora. Kei roto i ēnei wāhi ko ngā ngahere tuatahi, ngā nohoanga o ngā momo taketake, ngā puna wai, ngā ara kararehe mohoao, tae atu ki ngā ngahere tāmi. Ka taea te whakatutuki i te tiakitanga mā te tohu i ngā wāhi tiaki, ngā ngahere tuku iho, ngā papa whenua ā-motu, ngā kaupapa tiaki hapori rānei.
I runga i te whenua, me haere tahi te tiakitanga me te whakatinanatanga o te ture. He maha ngā wā ka puta te rākau ture kore, te hopu kararehe, me te takahi whenua ina ngoikore te tirotiro, ā, kāore e taea e ngā whiu te aukati. Nō reira, mā ngā tirotiro haere, te aroturuki hangarau (ngā whakaahua amiorangi, ngā waka rererangi rererangi), me ngā tikanga ripoata a te iwi ka āwhina i te aukati wawe i ngā kino.
2. Te whakaora ngahere me te whakaora i ngā wāhi kua pakaru
Kua pakaru kē te maha o ngā ngahere—ahakoa nā te nui rawa o te tope rakau, ngā ahi, te whakamahinga whenua hē rānei. He rautaki matua te whakaora hei whakaora i te mahi a te pūnaha rauropi. Heoi, ko te whakaora whai hua ehara i te whakato noa i te maha o ngā rākau e taea ana; engari ko te whakaora i ngā hanganga me ngā tukanga rauropi.
Ko ētahi o ngā mātāpono mō te whakaora whai hua ko:
– Te whakamahi i ngā momo tipu o te rohe kia ngāwari ake ai te urutau me te tautoko i ngā kararehe o te rohe.
– Te whakaora i te oneone me te wai, tae atu ki te aukati i te horo, te whakapai ake i te rerenga wai e kino ai ngā whenua pīti, me te whakanui ake i ngā mea rauropi o te oneone.
– Te waihanga i te kanorau o ngā momo kia kaha ake ai te ātete o ngā ngahere ki ngā mate me te huringa āhuarangi.
– Te whakahaere i ngā momo tipu whakaeke e aukati ana i te tipu o ngā otaota taketake.
Me whai whakaaro anō hoki te whakaora i ngā hiahia o te hapori e karapoti ana. Ka taea e ngā kaupapa ahuwhenua ngahere, ngā kaupapa ngahere hapori rānei te whakakī i te āputa i waenga i te whakaora i te pūnaha rauropi me te tipu ōhanga ā-rohe.
3. Te Whakahaere Ngāherehere Tauwhiro
Ehara i te mea ko te tiaki i ngā rā katoa he "koretake noa iho." I roto i ngā horopaki maha, he huarahi pono te whakahaere ngahere tauwhiro ki te pupuri i ngā ngahere tū tonu me te whakatutuki i ngā hiahia ōhanga. Kei roto i tēnei mahi ko te tapahi rakau ine, te pupuri i ngā wāhi tiaki uara teitei, te whakahaere i ngā hurihanga hua, me te whakarite i te whakaoranga taiao.
Mā ngā tiwhikete pēnei i te Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) me ngā pūnaha ture rakau ka taea te whakatenatena i ngā mahi whai kawenga. Heoi anō, ko te māramatanga me te tirotiro tonu te mea nui. Ki te kore he arotake pakari me te whai wāhi a te marea, ka tūpono te tapanga "tauwhiro" ka noho hei tikanga noa iho.
4. Te ārai me te whakahaere i ngā ahi ngahere
He tino mōrearea ngā ahi ngahere, inā koa i ngā wāhi e roa ana te maroke, e noho ana rānei ngā whenua tāmi. Ka whakangaromia e ngā ahi ngā tipu, ka patua ngā kararehe mohoao, ka kino ngā moroiti oneone, ā, ka tukuna he nui ngā tukunga waro. Hei whakapai ake i te hauora o te rauropi, me neke te arotahi mai i te pehi ki te aukati.
Ko ngā mahi ārai ko te ako i te whakawātea whenua me te kore e tahuna, te waihanga i ngā ārai ahi, ngā tirotiro i te wā maroke, me te whakahoki mai i te wai whenua tāmi hei pupuri i te makuku o te whenua. Hei tāpiri, ka taea e ngā pūnaha whakatūpato wawe e pā ana ki te huarere me te wāhi wera te whakatere i te urupare i mua i te horapa o ngā ahi.
5. Kia mau tonu te hononga o ngā nohoanga mā roto i ngā ara rauropi
Ko te wāwāhitanga o te ngahere—ina wehea te rohe ngahere ki ngā wāhi iti ake i te taha o ngā rori, ngā māra, ngā wāhi noho rānei—ka tino whakaiti i te hauora o te rauropi. He uaua ki ngā kararehe te kimi kai, te whakaputa uri, me te heke. Ka noho mokemoke ngā taupori, ka noho ngoikore rātou ki te ngaro nā te iti o te kanorau ira.
Ka hono ngā ara rauropi i ngā wāhanga ngahere hei pupuri i te nekehanga o ngā kararehe mohoao me te rere o ngā ira. Ka taea e ngā ara te noho hei poro otaota tūturu i waenganui i ngā mara ahuwhenua, ngā tahataha awa kua whakahokia mai, ngā wāhi iti kua tiakina kua whakanohohia ki te rautaki. He mea nui rawa atu tēnei hononga mō ngā momo matua pēnei i ngā kaipahua tihi, ngā kaipara purapura rānei, he mea nui ēnei mō te whakaoranga o te ngahere.
6. Te tiaki ā-hapori me te whakapakari i ngā mana whakahaere
E whakaatu ana ngā rangahau mai i ngā wāhi rerekē he iti ake te tere o te whakangaromanga o ngā ngahere e whakahaerehia ana e ngā hapori o te rohe, e ngā tāngata whenua rānei, inā koa ka whakamanahia ā-ture ō rātou mana whakahaere. Ko ngā hapori e whakawhirinaki ana ki te ngahere he nui te mōhiotanga taiao ā-rohe, ā, he hiahia tika ki te pupuri i te hua o te ngahere.
Ko te tiaki taiao ā-hapori e kapi ana i te whakahaere i ngā hua ngahere ehara i te rakau (te honi, te rātana, ngā tipu rongoā), te tūruhi taiao ā-rohe, ngā tirotiro ngahere e arahina ana e te hapori, me ngā ture tuku iho e pā ana ki ngā rohe kore hopu manu, kore rākau rānei. Ko ngā mea nui ki tōna angitu ko te tiaki i ngā tika, te tiritiri painga ōrite, me te urunga atu ki te pūtea me te āwhina hangarau.
7. Whakaitihia te pēhanga mai i ngā mekameka tuku me te kai
Ko te hauora o te ngahere ka whakatauhia hoki e te tono a te mākete. Ko ngā hua pēnei i te hinu nikau, te pīni soya, te mīti, te rakau, me te pepa ka taea te akiaki i te whakawātea whenua mena kāore e whakahaerehia kia rite ki ngā paerewa taiao. Me aro te tiaki taiao hou ki ngā taumata whakaputa me te kai mā roto i ngā kaupapa here "kore whakangaromanga ngahere", te whai i te mekameka tuku, me ngā whakatenatena mō ngā kamupene e tiaki ana i ngā wāhi uara tiaki nui.
Ki ngā kaihoko, he whai wāhi anō hoki te whiriwhiri i ngā hua whaimana, te whakaiti i ngā para, me te tautoko i ngā waitohu mārama. Ahakoa he pānga ā-kore pea, ka taea e ngā panonitanga o te tono te akiaki i ngā panonitanga o ngā mahi ki mua.
8. Te aroturuki, te rangahau, me te urutau ki te huringa āhuarangi
Ehara te tiaki i te mahi kotahi noa iho. Ko te hurihanga o ngā āhuatanga o te āhuarangi, te putanga mai o ngā mate tipu, me ngā āhuatanga pāpori-ōhanga me whai whakahaere ngahere urutau. Nō reira, he mea nui te aroturuki: te aroturuki i te uhi ngahere, te kanorau koiora , te kounga o te wai, me te hauora o te oneone.
Mā te mahi tahi a ngā kairangahau, ngā kāwanatanga, me ngā hapori ka taea te whakapai ake i te tika o ngā raraunga me te whakateretere i te whakatau kaupapa. Mā ngā raraunga pai ka taea te tautuhi i ngā wāhi whakaora matua, te aromatawai i te whai huatanga o ngā mahi tiaki, me te hoahoa i ngā kaupapa here e ahu mai ana i ngā taunakitanga.
Whakamutunga
Ko te whakapai ake i te hauora o ngā pūnaha rauropi o te ngahere mā te tiaki taiao me whai huarahi whānui: te tiaki i ngā wāhi matua, te whakaora i ngā wāhi kua pakaru, te whakatinana i te whakahaere pumau, te aukati i ngā ahi , te pupuri i te hononga noho, me te whakapakari i te whai wāhi a te hapori. Hei tāpiri, ko ngā huringa ki ngā pūnaha ōhanga—ina koa ko ngā mekameka tuku taonga—me te whakapakari i te aroturukitanga e ahu mai ana i ngā raraunga he mea nui mō te angitu mō te wā roa.
Ehara i te mea he taonga tuku iho noa iho ngā ngahere hauora, engari he pūnaha tautoko ora e whakatau ana i tō tātou heke mai. Mā te tiaki tika, ka taea e ngā ngahere te hoki ki tā rātou mahi tino pai: te pupuri i te āhuarangi, te whakarato wai ma , te tiaki i te kanorau koiora, me te tautoko pumau i te oranga o te tangata.
