Cov hom yas siv los ua cov khoom siv kis las thiab lawv ua li cas
Yas tau dhau los ua ib qho ntawm cov khoom siv tseem ceeb tshaj plaws hauv kev lag luam khoom siv kis las niaj hnub no. Cov laj thawj yog qhov tseeb: yas yog qhov sib dua, yooj ywm, tiv taus kev cuam tshuam (rau qee hom), tiv taus xeb, thiab tuaj yeem tsim ntau yam khoom siv pheej yig dua li ntau lwm yam khoom siv. Txij li cov pob thiab cov rackets mus rau cov khaub ncaws tiv thaiv lub cev, khau, lub kaus mom hlau, thiab txawm tias cov khoom siv me me xws li lub raj mis dej thiab cov tuav, ntau yam khoom siv kis las vam khom ntau yam yas nrog ntau yam ntxwv. Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias qhov kev xaiv zoo, cov chaw tsim khoom feem ntau phim hom yas rau cov khoom ua haujlwm, kev ywj pheej, lub zog, kev tiv taus huab cua, thiab kev nplij siab ntawm tus neeg siv. Hauv qab no yog cov hom yas feem ntau siv hauv cov khoom siv kis las, nrog rau kev piav qhia txog lawv tau tsim li cas.
1) Polyethylene (PE): HDPE thiab LDPE
Polyethylene yog ib qho ntawm cov yas siv dav tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb. Hauv cov khoom siv kis las, PE muaj ob tsev neeg loj: HDPE (High Density Polyethylene) thiab LDPE (Low Density Polyethylene). HDPE feem ntau yuav tawv dua, muaj zog dua, thiab tiv taus kev cuam tshuam ntau dua; thaum LDPE muaj kev ywj pheej dua thiab ywj dua.
Piv txwv ntawm kev siv: cov thoob dej haus thiab cov fwj dej haus kis las (qee qhov), cov khoom tiv thaiv teeb, cov khoom siv rau kev cob qhia, cov khob cob qhia, cov khoom ntab yooj yim, thiab qee qhov khoom siv.
Txoj kev tsim khoom: PE feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj molding rau cov khoom khov kho xws li cones, lossis tshuab molding rau cov khoom khoob xws li lub raj mis. Hauv kev tshuab molding, cov yas raug yaj rau hauv ib lub raj (parison), tom qab ntawd tshuab nrog cua compressed tawm tsam phab ntsa pwm kom tsim tau lub raj mis / khoom khoob. Thaum txias lawm, lub pwm raug qhib thiab cov khoom raug txiav los ntawm qhov seem flashing.
2) Polypropylene (PP)
PP paub txog nws qhov hnyav sib dua, ruaj khov, thiab tiv taus tshuaj lom neeg. Cov khoom siv no kuj feem ntau xaiv rau cov khoom uas xav tau "lub pob khawm uas muaj sia nyob," xws li lub hau uas tuaj yeem qhib thiab kaw ntau zaus yam tsis yooj yim tawg.
Piv txwv ntawm kev siv: lub thawv tiv thaiv, lub thawv khaws cov khoom siv kis las, qee cov khoom siv kaus mom hlau (qee qhov), cov clamps, cov buckles, thiab cov khoom siv ntawm cov khoom siv kis las hauv tsev.
Txoj kev tsim khoom: PP feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj molding, vim tias cov txheej txheem no muaj peev xwm tsim cov ntsiab lus meej thiab sib xws. Cov hmoov PP raug cua sov hauv lub tshuab lub thoob, txhaj rau hauv pwm, txias, thiab tom qab ntawd tso tawm. Rau cov khoom yooj yim dua, ntev dua, PP kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev extrusion, piv txwv li, rau hauv cov ntawv lossis cov profile uas tom qab ntawd txiav thiab sib dhos.
3) Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
PVC paub txog nws lub zog thiab tiv taus huab cua, thiab nws tuaj yeem ua kom tawv lossis yoog tau nyob ntawm kev siv cov yas. Vim yog qhov no malleability, PVC feem ntau pom muaj nyob rau hauv qee yam khoom siv kis las, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov uas xav tau dej tsis nkag thiab yooj yim ntxuav.
Piv txwv ntawm kev siv: qee cov lev tawm dag zog, cov ntaub qhwv qhov hnyav (cov dumbbells lossis barbells uas muaj ntaub qhwv), cov pob gym pheej yig, thiab qee hom pem teb tawm dag zog.
Txoj kev tsim khoom: PVC uas yoog tau feem ntau yog ua los ntawm kev calendering (dov) lossis extrusion, tom qab ntawd txiav thiab koom ua ke (nrog cua sov sealing / kua nplaum). Rau cov khoom thauj lossis kov, PVC tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj molding lossis overmolding cov txheej txheem ntawm lub hauv paus tawv dua.
4) Polyurethane (PU)
PU nrov heev hauv ntiaj teb kev ua kis las vim nws tuaj yeem ua rau ua npuas mos, ywj, tab sis muaj zog. PU kuj tseem siv tau los ua tawv hluavtaws rau sab hauv pob lossis hnab looj tes.
Piv txwv ntawm kev siv: cov khau nruab nrab (PU ua npuas ncauj), cov ntaub tiv thaiv (cov ntaub thaiv ceg, cov ntaub thaiv lub luj tshib), cov ntaub hauv pob ncaws pob/pob tawb, qee qhov tuav, thiab cov ntaub thaiv lub kaus mom hlau.
Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom: PU ua npuas ncauj feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw tshuaj ntawm polyols thiab isocyanates, uas tsim cov qauv cell (ua npuas ncauj). Cov khoom sib xyaw raug nchuav rau hauv pwm, nthuav dav, thiab tom qab ntawd tawv. Rau cov tawv hluavtaws, PU yog siv ua zaj duab xis / txheej rau cov ntaub hauv paus (substrate) siv ntau txheej thiab ziab txheej txheem, ua rau muaj qhov chaw zoo ib yam li tawv tab sis sib xws dua thiab yooj yim dua rau kev saib xyuas.
5) Ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA)
EVA yog lub npe hu ua kev nplij siab thiab kev nplij siab. Cov khoom siv no yog lub teeb yuag, yoog tau, thiab muaj kev nqus tau zoo heev, ua rau nws siv dav hauv khau thiab cov khoom siv tiv thaiv.
Piv txwv ntawm kev siv: cov khau nruab nrab/cov khau sab nraud ntawm qee cov khau, cov khau khiab kis las, cov ntaub thaiv kev tiv thaiv, cov lev yoga (qee cov khoom), thiab ua npuas dej rau qee cov khoom siv.
Txoj kev tsim khoom: EVA feem ntau yog ua los ntawm cov ua npuas dej siv cov txheej txheem cua sov thiab cov neeg ua kom cua tshuab. Cov ntawv ua npuas dej EVA tuaj yeem ua los ntawm kev nias molding, lossis cov txheej txheem tsim daim ntawv, tom qab ntawd txiav raws li cov qauv thiab nplaum. Rau cov khau hauv qab, EVA feem ntau yog pwm los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj / nias molding, tom qab ntawd los ntawm kev ua tiav xws li xuab zeb, pleev xim, lossis ntxiv cov roj hmab txheej rau thaj chaw uas xav tau kev tuav siab.
6) Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)
ABS muaj kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm kev tawv, lub zog, thiab kev tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam. Nws qhov chaw kuj yooj yim rau kev ua tiav, ua rau muaj qhov zoo nkauj thiab zoo nkauj. Yog li ntawd, ABS feem ntau siv rau cov khoom uas xav tau cov duab meej thiab lub zog ntawm cov qauv.
Piv txwv ntawm kev siv: sab nraud ntawm qee lub kaus mom hlau (nyob ntawm tus qauv tsim), cov plhaub tiv thaiv rau cov khoom siv qoj ib ce, cov khoom xauv, thiab cov khoom siv kis las uas xav tau kev ntxaws ntxaws heev.
Txoj kev tsim khoom: ABS feem ntau yog tsim los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj molding. Txhawm rau txhim kho qhov zoo nkauj, cov khoom ABS tuaj yeem ua tiav cov txheej txheem xws li pleev xim, ua kom zoo nkauj, lossis txheej. Rau cov khoom mos mos, ABS qee zaum ua ke nrog TPE los ntawm kev overmolding.
7) Polycarbonate (PC)
PC paub txog nws qhov kev tiv taus kev cuam tshuam siab thiab pob tshab siab (nws tuaj yeem meej li iav). Qhov no ua rau nws zoo tagnrho rau cov ntaub thaiv ntsej muag lossis cov iav tiv thaiv, nrog rau cov khoom uas xav tau lub zog siab tab sis tseem tsis hnyav.
Piv txwv ntawm kev siv: lub kaus mom hlau, tsom iav kis las, lub ntsej muag tiv thaiv, thiab cov khoom pob tshab ntawm qee yam khoom siv kis las.
Cov txheej txheem tsim khoom: PC feem ntau yog ua los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj molding rau cov lens / visors thiab cov khoom precision. Tom qab molding, cov khoom feem ntau yog coated nrog ib tug khawb-resistant los yog anti-pos huab txheej vim PC - thaum muaj zog - yog yooj yim khawb dua li iav. Cov txheej txheem tswj kub yog qhov tseem ceeb vim PC yog rhiab heev rau av noo thiab yuav tsum tau cov khoom kom qhuav ua ntej molding.
8) Nylon/Polyamide (PA)
Nylon (PA6/PA66) zoo heev hauv lub zog tensile, kev tiv thaiv kev hnav, thiab kev ua haujlwm kho tshuab. Ntau yam khoom siv kis las uas muaj kev sib txhuam, kev thauj khoom rov ua dua, lossis kev nruj siab siv polyamide.
Piv txwv ntawm kev siv: cov khoom siv khi (cov buckles), cov iav me me, cov hlua khi, cov khoom khi, qee yam khoom siv ntaus pob tesniv, thiab qee yam khau (piv txwv li, cov shanks lossis cov khoom txhawb nqa).
Txoj kev tsim khoom: PA feem ntau yog ua los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj molding. Txhawm rau kom muaj zog ntxiv, cov iav fiber feem ntau ntxiv rau PA-GF. Txawm li cas los xij, vim PA tuaj yeem nqus dej, kev tsim khoom thiab kev tswj cov dej noo ua ntej tsim khoom yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev ruaj khov ntawm qhov ntev.
9) Cov khoom siv thermoplastic elastomers (TPE/TPR)
TPE yog ib pawg yas uas zoo li roj hmab (elastic), tab sis tseem tuaj yeem ua tiav zoo li thermoplastics (yaj thiab rov pwm dua). Qhov no yog qhov tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov khoom uas xav tau kev tuav zoo thiab tsis plam.
Piv txwv ntawm kev siv: cov tuav racket, cov tes tuav dumbbell, cov txheej txheem kov hlua dhia, cov foob yooj yim, thiab cov khoom "kov mos" ntawm cov khoom siv qoj ib ce.
Txoj kev tsim khoom: TPE feem ntau yog ua los ntawm kev overmolding, uas cuam tshuam nrog kev molding TPE rau ntawm cov yas tawv (piv txwv li, PP lossis ABS) rau qhov tuav ergonomic ntau dua. TPE kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj molding rau cov khoom ib leeg xws li cov ntaub me me lossis cov npog.
Txheej txheem cej luam ntawm cov theem ntawm kev tsim cov khoom siv kis las uas ua los ntawm yas
Txawm hais tias cov hom yas thiab cov txheej txheem sib txawv, feem ntau cov txheej txheem tsim khoom suav nrog:
1. Kev xaiv cov khoom siv thiab cov mis: txiav txim siab cov resin, cov khoom ntxiv (cov xim, cov tshuaj UV stabilizers, cov tshuaj antioxidants), lossis cov khoom txhawb nqa (cov iav fibers).
2. Tsim thiab ua pwm: Tsim cov khoom 3D, kev sim pwm rau kev txhaj tshuaj, thiab ua pwm.
3. Cov txheej txheem tsim: kev txhaj tshuaj molding, tshuab molding, compression molding, extrusion, lossis PU reaction rau ua npuas ncauj.
4. Kev sib dhos thiab kev ua tiav: kua nplaum, kev vuam ultrasonic, kev teeb tsa txoj siv, kev pleev xim/txheej txheej, kev teeb tsa ua npuas ncauj, thiab kev kuaj xyuas qhov zoo nkauj.
5. Kev tswj xyuas zoo thiab kev nyab xeeb: kev sim kev cuam tshuam, kev sim tensile, kev sim tiv taus huab cua/UV, kev sim tshuaj lom/tsw tsw rau cov khoom uas kov daim tawv nqaij, thiab kev tshuaj xyuas qhov loj me.
Kev kaw
Cov hom yas siv rau hauv cov khoom siv kis las tsis yog tsuas yog cov kev xaiv pheej yig xwb, tab sis yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev xav txog kev tsim kho kom zoo. EVA thiab PU zoo heev rau kev ua kom lub hauv ncoo thiab kev nplij siab, PC thiab ABS zoo heev hauv cov khoom tiv thaiv uas xav tau kev ruaj khov, thaum PP, PE, PA, thiab TPE muab lub zog ntawm cov qauv, kev ywj pheej, thiab kev nplij siab ntawm kev tuav. Los ntawm kev nkag siab txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm txhua yam yas thiab cov txheej txheem siv los tsim lawv - los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj molding, tshuab molding, extrusion, compression molding, mus rau PU cov txheej txheem tshuaj - peb tuaj yeem pom tias kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom siv kis las niaj hnub no raug cuam tshuam los ntawm kev tsim kho tshiab hauv cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev tsim khoom.
