1. Ob pawg loj m1 = 2 kg thiab m2 = 5 kg nyob rau ntawm ib lub dav hlau inclined thiab txuas ua ke los ntawm ib txoj hlua raws li pom hauv daim duab. Tus coefficient ntawm kinetic friction ntawm m1 thiab qhov nkhaus yog 0.2 thiab cov coefficient ntawm kev sib txhuam kinetic nruab nrab ntawm m2 thiab qhov nkhaus yog 0.1.
(a) Txheeb xyuas lawv acceleration
(b) Txheeb xyuas lub zog nruj

Paub:
Pawg 1 (m)1) = 2 kg
Pawg 2 (m2) = 4 kg
Coefficient ntawm kev sib txhuam kinetic ntawm m1 thiab lub dav hlau inclined (μk1) = 0.2
Coefficient ntawm kev sib txhuam kinetic ntawm m2 thiab lub dav hlau inclined (μk2) = 0.1
Acceleration vim lub ntiajteb txawj nqus (g) = 9.8 m/s2
a) Qhov loj thiab kev coj ntawm qhov kev nrawm

w1 = hnyav 1 = m1 g = (2 kg)(9.8 m/s)2) = 19.6 Newtons
w1x = wb1 kev txhaum 30o = (19.6 N)(0.5) = 9.8 Newtons
w1y = wb1 coj 30o = (19.6 N)(0.87) = 17 Newtons
N1 = Tus lub zog quab yuam rau ntawm m1 = wb1y = 17 Newtons
Fk1 = Lub zog ntawm kev sib txhuam kinetic ntawm m1 = μk1 N1 = (0.2)(17 N) = 3.4 Newtons
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w2 = qhov hnyav 2 = m2 g = (4 kg)(9.8 m/s)2) = 39.2 Newtons
w2x = wb2 kev txhaum 60o = (39.2 N)(0.87) = 34.1 Newtons
w2y = wb2 coj 60o = (39.2 N)(0.5) = 19.6 Newtons
N2 = Lub zog ib txwm muaj rau ntawm m2 = wb2y = 19.6 Newtons
Fk2 = Lub zog ntawm kev sib txhuam kinetic ntawm m2 = μk2 N2 = (0.1)(19.6 N) = 1.96 Newtons
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Qhov loj ntawm kev nrawm:
∑Fx = max
w2x > wb1x yog li ntawd, qhov kev taw qhia ntawm qhov kev nrawm yog tib yam li qhov kev taw qhia ntawm w2x.
Cov zog uas taw qhia raws qhov kev nrawm yog cov zoo thiab cov zog uas muaj kev taw qhia sib txawv rau qhov kev nrawm yog cov tsis zoo.
w2x - Fk2 - T2 +T1 - w1x - Fk1 = (m1 +m2) thiabx
w2x - Fk2 - w1x - Fk1 = (m1 +m2 ) thiabx
34.1 N – 1.96 N – 9.8 N – 3.4 N = (2 kg + 4 kg) ax
18.94 N = (6 kg) ibx
ax = 18.94 N : 6 kg
ax = 3.16 m/s2
Qhov loj ntawm qhov kev nrawm = 3.16 m/s2 Kev taw qhia ntawm qhov kev nrawm = kev taw qhia ntawm T1 = kev taw qhia ntawm w2x
b) Qhov loj ntawm lub zog nruj
Siv Newton txoj cai thib ob rau ntawm yam khoom 2:
w2x - Fk2 - T2 = kuv2 ax
34.1 N – 1.96 N – T2 = (4 kg)(3.16 m/s)2)
32.14 N – T2 = 12.64 N
T2 = 32.14 N – 12.64 N = 19.5 Newtons
Lub zog nruj = T = T1 = T ua2 = 19.5 Newtons
2. m1 = 4 kg, m2 = 2 kg. Txheeb xyuas (a) qhov loj thiab kev coj ntawm qhov kev nrawm (b) Qhov loj ntawm lub zog nruj uas txuas m1 thiab m2 (c) qhov loj ntawm lub zog nruj uas txuas lub pulley thiab lub ru tsev.

tshuaj

w1 = kuv1 g = (4 kg)(9.8 m/s)2) = 39.2 Newtons
w2 = kuv2 g = (2 kg)(9.8 m/s)2) = 19.6 Newtons
a) Qhov loj thiab kev coj ntawm kev nrawm
∑Fy = may
w1 > wb2 yog li ntawd qhov kev taw qhia ntawm cov khoom yog tib yam li qhov kev taw qhia ntawm qhov hnyav 1 (w1)Cov zog uas muaj tib qho kev taw qhia li kev nrawm yog qhov zoo thiab cov zog uas muaj qhov kev taw qhia sib txawv nrog kev nrawm yog qhov tsis zoo.
w1 - T1 +T2 - w2 = (m1 +m2) thiaby
w1 - w2 = (m1 +m2) thiaby
39.2 N – 19.6 N = (4 kg + 2 kg) ay
19.6 N = (6 kg) iby
ay = 19.6 N : 6 kg
ay = 3.26 m/s2
Qhov loj ntawm kev nrawm = 3.26 m/s2Kev taw qhia ntawm kev nrawm = kev taw qhia ntawm w1 .
b) Qhov loj ntawm lub zog nruj uas txuas m1 thiab m2
thov Txoj cai thib ob ntawm Newton rau ntawm m2 :
∑Fy = may
w1 - T1 = kuv1 ay
39.2 N – T1 = (4 kg)( 3.26 m/s2)
39.2 N – T1 = 13.04 N
T1 = 39.2 N – 13.04 N
T1 = 26.16 Newtons
Qhov loj ntawm lub zog nruj uas txuas cov khoom = T = T1 = T ua2 = 26.16 Newtons
c) Qhov loj ntawm lub zog nruj uas txuas lub pulley thiab lub ru tsev.
Pulley so:
∑Fy = may —— iby = 0
∑Fy = 0
Cov zog sab saud yog cov zoo, cov zog sab hauv yog cov tsis zoo:
T3 - T1 - T2 = 0
T3 = T ua1 +T2
T1 thiab T2 muaj tib qhov loj, T1 = T ua2 = T = 26.16 N :
T3 = 2T = 2(26.16 N) = 52.32 Newtons
3. Thaiv 1 (m1 = 10 kg) thiab thaiv 2 (m2 = 15 kg) txuas nrog los ntawm ib txoj hlua hla lub pulley tsis muaj kev sib txhuam. Coefficient ntawm kev sib txhuam zoo li qub ntawm lub thaiv 2 nrog incline = 0.6. Tus coefficient ntawm kev sib txhuam kinetic ntawm lub thaiv 2 nrog incline = 0.42. Txheeb xyuas (a) Qhov loj ntawm lub zog tsawg kawg nkaus F siv rau cov khoom kom cov khoom nrawm dua (b) Txheeb xyuas qhov loj ntawm lub zog nruj.

tshuaj

w1 = Qhov hnyav ntawm lub thaiv 1 = m1 g = (10 kg)(9.8 m/s)2) = 98 Newtons
w2 = Qhov hnyav ntawm lub thaiv 2 = m2 g = (15 kg)(9.8 m/s)2) = 147 Newtons
w2y = wb2 coj 30o = (147 N)(0.87) = 127.89 Newtons
w2x = wb2 kev txhaum 30o = (147 N)(0.5) = 73.5 Newtons
N2 = Lub zog ib txwm muaj rau ntawm lub thaiv 2 = w2y = 127.89 Newtons
Fk2 = Lub zog ntawm kev sib txhuam kinetic ntawm lub thaiv 2 = μk2 N2 = (0.42)(127.89 N) = 53.7 Newtons
Fs2 = Lub zog ntawm qhov sib txhuam static rau ntawm lub thaiv 2 = μs2 N2 = (0.6)(127.89 N) = 76.7 Newtons
a) Qhov loj ntawm lub zog tsawg kawg nkaus F siv rau cov khoom kom cov khoom nrawm dua
∑Fx = max —— ibx = 0
∑Fx = 0
Cov zog sab saud thiab cov zog sab xis yog cov zoo, cov zog hauv qab thiab cov zog sab laug yog cov tsis zoo.
F – Fk2 - w2x - w1 - T2 +T1 = 0
F – Fk2 - w2x - w1 = 0
F = Fk2 + w2x + w1
F = 53.7 N + 73.5 N + 98 N
F = 225.2 Newtons
b) Qhov loj ntawm lub zog nruj
Siv Newton txoj cai ntawm kev txav mus los rau ntawm thaiv 1:
∑Fy = may —— iby = 0
∑Fy = 0
T1 - w1 = 0
T1 = wb1 = 98 Newtons
Siv Newton txoj cai ntawm kev txav mus los rau ntawm thaiv 2:
F – Fk2 - w2x - T2 = 0
T2 = F – Fk2 - w2x
T2 = 225.2 N – 53.7 N – 73.5 N
T2 = 98 Newtons
Qhov loj ntawm lub zog nruj = T1 = T ua2 = T = 98 Newtons
4. Thaiv 1 (m1 = 16 kg) nyob rau ntawm ib qho chaw kab rov tav thiab lub thaiv 2 (m2 = 12 kg) nyob rau ntawm ib lub dav hlau du, txuas nrog los ntawm ib txoj hlua uas hla dhau ib lub pulley me me, tsis muaj kev sib txhuam. Thaiv 3 (m3 = 5 kg) nyob rau ntawm lub thaiv 2. Tus coefficient ntawm kev sib txhuam kinetic ntawm lub thaiv 2 thiab qhov chaw kab rov tav yog 0,4. Lub coefQhov sib txhuam zoo li qub ntawm lub thaiv 2 nrog lub thaiv 3 yog 0,3.
(A) Thaum lub kaw lus raug tso tawm ntawm qhov chaw so, lub thaiv 3 thiab lub thaiv 2 tseem swb ua ke?
(B) Yog tias muaj block 3, qhov kev nrawm ntawm block 1 thiab block 2 yog dab tsi?

Tshuaj:
a) Thaum lub kaw lus raug tso tawm ntawm qhov chaw so, lub thaiv 3 thiab lub thaiv 2 tseem swb ua ke?

w1 = Tus qhov hnyav ntawm lub thaiv 1 = m1 g = (16 kg)(9.8 m/s)2) = 156.8 Newtons
w1x = wb1 kev txhaum 60o = (156.8 N)(0.87) = 136.4 Newtons
w1y = wb1 coj 60o = (156.8 N)(0.5) = 78.4 Newtons
N1 = Tus lub zog ib txwm siv rau ntawm lub thaiv 1 los ntawm lub dav hlau inclined = wb1y = 78.4 Newtons
w3 = Tus qhov hnyav ntawm lub thaiv 3 = m3 g = (5 kg)(9.8 m/s)2) = 49 Newtons
N23 = Tus lub zog ib txwm siv rau ntawm lub thaiv 3 los ntawm lub thaiv 2 = wb3 = 49 Newtons
N32 = Tus nlub zog ib txwm siv rau ntawm lub thaiv 2 los ntawm lub thaiv 3 = N23 = wb3 = 49 Newtons
(N23 thiab N32 yog cov khub ua haujlwm thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv)
Fs23 = Tus lub zog ntawm qhov sib txhuam static uas siv rau ntawm lub block 3 los ntawm lub block 2 = μs N23 = (0.3)(49 N) = 14.7 Newton
Fs32 = Tus lub zog ntawm qhov sib txhuam static uas siv rau ntawm lub thaiv 2 los ntawm lub thaiv 3 =Fs23 = 14.7 Newtons
(Fs23 thiab Fs32 yog cov khub ua haujlwm thiab cov tshuaj tiv thaiv)
w2 = Tus qhov hnyav ntawm lub block 2 = kuv2 g = (12 kg)(9.8 m/s)2) = 117.6 Newtons
N2 = Tus lub zog ib txwm muaj uas siv rau ntawm yam khoom 2 los ntawm qhov chaw kab rov tav = wb2 + N32 = 117.6 Newtons + 49
Newton = 166.6 Newton
Fk2 = Tus lub zog ntawm kev sib txhuam kinetic ntawm lub block 2 = μk N2 = (0.4)(166.6 N) = 66.64 Newtons
Siv Newton txoj cai ntawm kev txav mus los rau ntawm lub block 3:
∑Fx = max
Fs23 =m3 ax
—–> Fs23 = μs N23 = μs w3 = μs m3 g
μs m3 g = m3 ax
μs g = ibx
ax = (0.3)(9.8 m/s)2) = 2.94 m/s2
Qhov kev nrawm siab tshaj plaws ntawm lub thaiv 3 kom lub thaiv 3 thiab lub thaiv 2 tseem swb ua ke yog 2.94 m/s2.
Tam sim no peb xam qhov loj ntawm lub kaw lus qhov kev nrawm tom qab raug tso tawm ntawm qhov so.
Qhov kev taw qhia ntawm qhov kev hloov chaw ntawm lub block = qhov kev taw qhia ntawm qhov kev nrawm ntawm lub block = qhov kev taw qhia ntawm T2 = qhov kev taw qhia ntawm w1x.
∑Fx = max
w1x - T1 +T2 - Fk2 - Fs32 +Fs23 = (m1 +m2 +m3) thiabx
w1x - Fk2 = (m1 +m2 +m3 ) thiabx
136.4 N – 66.64 N = (16 kg + 12 kg + 5 kg) ax
69.76 N = (33 kg) ibx
ax = 2.11 m/s2
ax yog qhov zoo, txhais tau tias qhov kev taw qhia ntawm qhov kev hloov pauv ntawm lub thaiv lossis qhov kev taw qhia ntawm qhov kev nrawm yog tib yam li qhov kev taw qhia ntawm T2 los yog kev taw qhia ntawm w1x.
Qhov loj ntawm qhov kev nrawm yog 2.11 m / s2 , lhwj chim tshaj 2.94 m / s2 yog li peb tuaj yeem xaus lus tias thaiv 3 thiab thaiv 2 tseem swb ua ke tom qab raug tso tawm ntawm kev so.
b) Qhov loj ntawm qhov kev nrawm ntawm lub block 1 thiab lub block 2
∑Fx = max
w1x - Fk2 = (m1 +m2) thiabx
—–> Fk2 = μk N2 = μk w2 = μk m2 g = (0.4)(12 kg)(9.8 m/s)2) = 47.04 Newtons
136.4 N – 47.04 N = (16 kg + 12 kg) ax
89.36 N = (28 kg) ibx
ax = 89.36 N : 28 kg = 3.19 m/s2
[wpdm_package id='493′]
- Qhov hnyav thiab qhov hnyav
- ib txwm muaj zog
- Newton txoj cai thib ob ntawm kev txav mus los
- Lub zog sib txhuam
- Kev txav mus los ntawm qhov chaw kab rov tav yam tsis muaj kev sib txhuam
- Kev txav ntawm ob lub cev nrog tib qhov kev nrawm ntawm qhov chaw ntxhib kab rov tav nrog lub zog sib txhuam
- Kev txav mus los ntawm lub dav hlau inclined tsis muaj lub zog sib txhuam
- Kev txav mus los ntawm lub dav hlau inclined nrog lub zog sib txhuam
- Kev txav mus los hauv lub elevator
- Kev txav ntawm lub cev yog txuas nrog los ntawm cov hlua thiab pulleys
- Ob lub cev uas muaj tib lub zog ntawm kev nrawm
- Kev sib hloov ntawm ib txoj kab tiaj tiaj - dynamics ntawm kev txav mus los ncig
- Kev sib hloov ntawm cov kab nkhaus - dynamics ntawm kev txav mus los ncig
- Kev txav mus los sib xws hauv lub voj voog kab rov tav
- Lub zog centripetal hauv kev txav mus los sib npaug
nyeem ntxiv