Nā kuʻi ʻana inelastic
ʻAʻole pili ke kānāwai mālama ʻana i ka ikehu kinetic i nā kuʻi inelastic. Pili ke kānāwai mālama ʻana i ka momentum i nā kuʻi inelastic inā ʻaʻohe ikaika o waho e hana ma luna o nā mea ʻelua e kuʻi ana. I loko o kahi kuʻi inelastic, pili pū nā mea ʻelua a i ʻole e pili kekahi i kekahi ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana.
Laʻana nīnau 1.
ʻElua mau mea o ke kaumaha like, ʻo ia hoʻi he 1 kg. Neʻe ka mea 1 ma luna o kahi mokulele pālahalaha ma ka wikiwiki o 10 m/s a kuʻi me ka mea ʻelua e noho mālie ana. Ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana, pili pū nā mea ʻelua. He aha ka wikiwiki o nā mea ʻelua ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana?
ʻIke ʻia:
m 1 = 1 kg, m 2 = 1 kg, v 1 = 10 m/s, v 2 = 0
Makemake ʻia : v'
Lōlā:
m 1 v 1 + m 2 v 2 = (m 1 + m 2 ) v'
(1 kg)(10 m/s) + 0 = (1 kg + 1 kg) v'
10 kg m/s = (2 kg) v'
v' = 10 kg m/s : 2 kg = 5 m/s
Laʻana nīnau 2.
Neʻe ʻekolu mau poloka ma 3 ms -1 kuʻi i kekahi poloka ʻē aʻe i ka wā hoʻomaha.
He inelastic ke kuʻi ʻana. ʻO ke kaʻina o ka wikiwiki o ka poloka ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana, mai ka mea nui loa a i ka mea liʻiliʻi loa …
Lōlā:
Kiʻi 1:
Ka ikaika hope loa = ka ikaika mua
m 1 v 1 + m 2 v 2 = (m 1 + m 2 ) v
(4m)(3) + (m)(0) = (4m + m) v
12m + 0 = (5m) v
12m = 5m v
v = 12m / 5m = 12/5 = 2.4 m/s
Kiʻi 2:
Ka ikaika hope loa = Ka ikaika mua
m 1 v 1 + m 2 v 2 = (m 1 + m 2 ) v
(m)(3) + (3m)(0) = (m + 3m) v
3m + 0 = (4m) v
3m = 4m v
v = 3m / 4m = 3/4 = 0.75 m/s
Kiʻi 3:
m 1 v 1 + m 2 v 2 = (m 1 + m 2 ) v
(m)(3) + (m)(0) = (m + m) v
3m + 0 = (2m) v
3m = 2m v
v = 3m / 2m = 3/2 = 1.5 m/s
Laʻana nīnau 3.
ʻElua mau pōpō me ke kaumaha o m 1 = 2 kg a me m 2 = 1 kg e neʻe ana i ka ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe me ka wikiwiki o v 1 = 2 ms -1 a me v 2 = 4 ms -1 e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ke kiʻi ma lalo nei. Inā he inelastic kahi collision, he aha ka wikiwiki o nā pōpō ʻelua ma hope o ke collision?
ʻIke ʻia:
Ka nuipa o ka pōpō 1 (m1) = 2 kg
Ka nuipa o ka pōpō 2 (m2 ) = 1 kg
Ka wikiwiki o ka pōpō 1 ma mua o ke kuʻi ʻana (v 1 ) = 2 m/s
Ka wikiwiki o ka pōpō 2 ma mua o ke kuʻi ʻana (v 2 ) = -4 m/s
Hōʻike nā hōʻailona hoʻohui a me ka hoʻēmi e neʻe ana nā pōpō ʻelua i nā ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe.
Makemake ʻia : Ka wikiwiki o nā pōpō ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana (v')
Lōlā:
m 1 v 1 + m 2 v 2 = (m 1 + m 2 ) v'
(2)(2) + (1)(-4) = (2 + 1) v'
4 – 4 = (3) v'
0 = (3) v'
v' = 0
Laʻana nīnau 4.
ʻElua mau mea, ʻo A lāua ʻo B, me ke kaumaha o kēlā me kēia mea, he 1.5-kg ke hoʻokokoke aku kekahi i kekahi me ka wikiwiki o v A = 4 ms -1 a me v B = 5 ms -1 . Inā he inelastic ke kuʻi ʻana, he aha ka wikiwiki o nā mea ʻelua ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana?
ʻIke ʻia:
Ka nuipa o ka mea A (m A ) = 1.5 kg
Ka nuipa o ka mea B (m B ) = 1.5 kg
Ka wikiwiki o ka mea A ma mua o ke kuʻi ʻana (v A ) = 4 m/s (hōʻailona hoʻohui, i ka ʻākau)
Ka wikiwiki o ka mea B ma mua o ke kuʻi ʻana (v B ) = -5 m/s (hōʻailona minus, i ka hema)
Makemake ʻia: ʻO ka wikiwiki o nā mea ʻelua ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana
Lōlā:
Ka mālama ʻana i ka momentum linear:
m A v A + m B v B = (m A + m B ) v'
(1.5)(4) + (1.5)(-5) = (1.5 +1.5) v'
6 – 7.5 = (3) v'
-1.5 = (3) v'
v' = -1.5 / 3
v' = -0.5 m/s
Hōʻike ka hōʻailona Minus e neʻe ana nā mea ʻelua i ka hema.
20 mau nīnau manaʻo a me nā pane e pili ana i nā collisions inelastic:
1. Nīnau: He aha ka wehewehe ʻana i kahi kuʻi inelastic? Pane: I loko o kahi kuʻi inelastic, ʻaʻole i mālama ʻia ka ikehu kinetic, ʻoiai ʻo ka momentum. Hoʻololi ʻia kekahi o ka ikehu kinetic mua i nā ʻano ikehu ʻē aʻe.
2. Nīnau: Pehea ka ʻokoʻa o kahi kuʻi ʻole elastic ponoʻī mai kahi kuʻi ʻole elastic hapa? Pane: I loko o kahi kuʻi ʻole elastic ponoʻī, pili pū nā mea ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana. I loko o kahi kuʻi ʻole elastic hapa, hoʻokaʻawale nā mea, akā aia nō ka nalowale o ka ikehu kinetic.
3. Nīnau: He aha ke koena i mālama ʻia i nā ʻano kuʻi āpau, me nā mea inelastic? Pane: Mālama mau ʻia ka momentum i nā kuʻi āpau, me ka nānā ʻole i ko lākou elasticity.
4. Nīnau: No ke aha i mālama ʻole ʻia ai ka ikehu kinetic i nā kuʻi inelastic? Pane: Hoʻololi ʻia kekahi o ka ikehu kinetic i nā ʻano ikehu ʻē aʻe, e like me ka ikehu hiki, ka wela, a i ʻole ke kani.
5. Nīnau: Pehea e hiki ai i kekahi ke ʻike i kahi kuʻi inelastic ma ka nānā ʻana i nā wikiwiki ma mua a ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana? Pane: ʻOi aku ka nui o ka ikehu kinetic ma mua o ke kuʻi ʻana ma mua o ka ikehu kinetic ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana.
6. Nīnau: Hiki i nā kuʻi inelastic ke hana ʻia ma hoʻokahi ana wale nō? Pane: ʻAʻole, hiki i nā kuʻi inelastic ke hana ʻia ma hoʻokahi, ʻelua, a ʻekolu paha ana. Noho like nā kumumanaʻo, akā ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o nā helu vector.
7. Nīnau: Ma ke ʻano o ka physics particle, he aha ka hopena maʻamau o nā collisions inelastic? Pane: Ma ka physics particle, ʻo nā collisions inelastic pinepine ka hopena i ka hoʻololi ʻana o nā particles colliding i nā particles like ʻole.
8. Nīnau: Pehea e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻoholo i ka nui o ka ikehu i nalowale i kahi collision inelastic? Pane: Ma ka helu ʻana i ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ka huina ikehu kinetic mua a me ka huina ikehu kinetic hope loa.
9. Nīnau: No ke aha i kū ʻole ai nā kuʻi inelastic i ke kānāwai o ka mālama ʻana i ka ikehu? Pane: Mālama mau ʻia ka ikehu; ua hoʻololi wale ʻia mai kekahi ʻano (kinetic) i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe (e like me ka wela a i ʻole ke kani) ma mua o ka noho wale ʻana ma ke ʻano he ikehu kinetic.
10. Nīnau: He inelastic anei ka hapa nui o nā kuʻi ʻana o ke ao maoli? Pane: ʻAe, he inelastic ka hapa nui o nā kuʻi ʻana o ke ao maoli no ka mea aia kekahi hoʻololi ʻana o ka ikehu kinetic i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe.
11. Nīnau: I loko o kahi kuʻi ʻole elastic, inā pili pū nā mea ʻelua, he aha ka mea hiki ke ʻōlelo ʻia e pili ana i ko lākou wikiwiki i hui pū ʻia? Pane: Hoʻoholo ʻia ko lākou wikiwiki i hui pū ʻia e ka mālama ʻana i ka momentum. E neʻe nā mea ʻelua me ka wikiwiki like ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana.
12. Nīnau: Pehea e pili ai ke koina o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana i nā kuʻi inelastic? Pane: ʻO ke koina o ka hoʻihoʻi ʻana, i hōʻike ʻia ʻo , ana i ka "bounciness" o kahi kuʻi. No nā kuʻi inelastic kūpono, � = 0 .
13. Nīnau: No ke aha e hiki ai i kahi kuʻi inelastic ke hoʻopuka i ke kani? Pane: Hiki i ka kuʻi ke hoʻoulu i nā haʻalulu i loko o nā mea e kuʻi ana, kahi e hoʻopuka ai i nā nalu kani i loko o ka mea a puni.
14. Nīnau: Hiki i ka ikehu hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ke kumu o nā kuʻi ʻana inelastic? Pane: ʻAe, ʻoiai inā hopena ka kuʻi ʻana i kahi loli i ke kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ke kūlana o nā mea, e hoʻololi ana i ka ikehu kinetic i ka ikehu hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia.
15. Nīnau: No ke aha i kū ʻole ai nā pōpō laholio i nā kuʻi ʻole elastic kūpono, ʻoiai he "bouncy"? Pane: Kū nā pōpō laholio i nā kuʻi elastic a kokoke paha i ka elastic no ka mea e mālama pinepine lākou i ka hapa nui o ko lākou ikehu kinetic a lele hou. ʻAʻole lākou e pili pū, ʻo ia ka mea e hōʻike ʻia ai kahi kuʻi ʻole elastic kūpono.
16. Nīnau: Hiki i nā pōpō lepo palupalu ʻelua ke hōʻike i kahi kuʻi ʻana inelastic kūpono? Pane: ʻAe, no ka mea, i ka wā e kuʻi ai nā pōpō lepo palupalu ʻelua, pili pinepine lākou a ʻaʻole e lele hou, ʻo ia ke ʻano o kahi kuʻi ʻana inelastic kūpono.
17. Nīnau: Hiki paha i kahi kuʻi inelastic ke hana me ka ʻole o ka hana ʻana o ke kani a i ʻole ka wela? Pane: He mea kākaʻikahi, akā hiki nō. Hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia ka ikehu ma nā ʻano maalea ʻē aʻe a mālama ʻia paha ma ke ʻano he ikehu hiki i loko.
18. Nīnau: Hiki ke hoʻohuli ʻia nā kuʻi inelastic? Pane: Ma ke ʻano laulā, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohuli ʻia nā kuʻi inelastic no ka mea ʻo ka hoʻololi ʻana o ka ikehu kinetic i nā ʻano ʻē aʻe e paʻakikī ai ke hoʻi i ke kūlana mua.
19. Nīnau: Pehea e pili ai ke kū'ē ʻana o ka ea i nā kuʻi inelastic? Pane: Hiki i ke kū'ē ʻana o ka ea ke hoʻolilo i nā kuʻi inelastic hou aku ma ka hoʻopuehu ʻana i kekahi o ka ikehu kinetic e like me ka wela.
20. Nīnau: Loaʻa anei nā hopena o nā kuʻi inelastic i nā hoʻolālā palekana, e like me nā wahi crumple kaʻa? Pane: ʻAe, ua hoʻolālā ʻia nā wahi crumple i loko o nā kaʻa e hana i nā kuʻi inelastic, e omo ana i ka ikehu kinetic a hoʻemi i nā ikaika e hana ana ma luna o ka poʻe noho.
He mea koʻikoʻi nā collisions inelastic i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā kānāwai mālama o ka physics a he mea nui ia i nā noi hana he nui a me nā hoʻolālā palekana.
