Nā ʻAno Laser no ka Lapaʻau Niho
Ke hoʻomau nei ka holomua wikiwiki o nā hoʻomohala ʻenehana i ka hana niho, ʻo kekahi laʻana ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lasers. ʻOiai ua pili mua nā kaʻina hana niho he nui me ka ʻeha, nā leo wili aʻalolo, a me ke kahe koko ma hope o ke kaʻina hana, i kēia lā, hāʻawi nā ʻano lasers like ʻole i kahi ʻike lapaʻau ʻoluʻolu a pololei hoʻi, a pinepine e wikiwiki i ka hoʻōla ʻana. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hana like nā lasers āpau. Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia ʻano nā ʻano like ʻole, nā nalu, a me nā hōʻailona lapaʻau. No laila, ʻo ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā koho laser like ʻole no ka mālama ʻana i nā niho e kōkua i nā mea maʻi e hoʻomaopopo i ke kaʻina hana a kōkua i nā keʻena lapaʻau e koho i ka hāmeʻa kūpono.
He aha ka laser i loko o ke niho?
He kukuna kukui ikehu kiʻekiʻe ka laser i kālele ʻia ma kahi nalu kikoʻī. Ke kuhikuhi ʻia i ka niho a i ʻole nā ʻiʻo palupalu (ʻāʻī), hiki i ka ikehu laser ke ʻoki, hoʻomake, hōʻemi i ka bacteria, a hoʻoulu paha i ka ho'ōla ʻana, ma muli o ke ʻano laser a me ka hoʻonohonoho mana. Hiki i nā lasers ke pani a hoʻopiha paha i nā mea hana maʻamau e like me nā scalpels, drills, a me nā curettes no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe.
Ma keʻano laulā, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā lasers niho i ʻelua mau pūʻulu nui: nā lasers ʻiʻo palupalu a me nā lasers ʻiʻo paʻakikī. Aia kekahi mau lasers i hoʻohana nui ʻia no ka therapy (e like me ka laser therapy haʻahaʻa) ma mua o nā kaʻina hana ʻoki.
1. Laser Diode
ʻO nā lasers diode kekahi o nā lasers maʻamau i loaʻa i nā keʻena niho ma muli o ko lākou nui liʻiliʻi a me ka hoʻohana nui ʻia ma nā ʻiʻo palupalu. Hana pinepine kēia mau lasers ma nā nalu o kahi o 810-980 nm.
Nā hoʻohana nui:
– ʻOki ʻana a me ke ʻano ʻana o nā ʻāʻī (gingivectomy/gingivoplasty)
– Ke mālama ʻana i kekahi mau mumū o nā ʻāʻī a me nā ʻeke periodontal ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau adjunct
- Frenectomy (ʻoki ʻana i ka frenulum ma ka lehelehe a i ʻole ke alelo)
– E mālama i kekahi mau ʻeha canker, nā ʻeha palupalu o nā ʻiʻo, a i ʻole kōkua i ka hemostasis (e hōʻemi i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko)
- Kōkua me nā kaʻina hana aesthetic e like me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka gummy smile i kekahi mau hihia
Pono:
– Hemostasis maikaʻi (ka emi ʻana o ke kahe koko)
- Hiki ke hana wikiwiki ʻia nā kaʻina hana he nui
- I kekahi mau hihia, ʻoi aku ka māmā o ka ʻeha ma hope o ke kaʻina hana
Ke palena:
- ʻAʻole kūpono no ka ʻoki ʻana i nā ʻiʻo paʻakikī e like me ka enamel niho a i ʻole ka iwi
– Pono ka kaohi loea i ʻole e hōʻino ka wela i nā ʻiʻo a puni.
2. Nd: YAG (Neodymium-Doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet) Laser
Hana ka laser Nd:YAG ma kahi nalu o 1064 nm a ʻoi aku ka hohonu o ke komo ʻana i loko o nā ʻiʻo palupalu ma mua o kekahi mau lasers ʻē aʻe. I loko o ke kauka niho, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo Nd:YAG no nā kaʻina hana periodontal a me kekahi mau kaʻina hana ʻiʻo palupalu.
Nā hoʻohana nui:
– Ka lāʻau lapaʻau hou aʻe no ka periodontitis (e hōʻemi ana i ka bacteria i loko o nā ʻeke ʻāʻī)
– ʻO ka ʻoki ʻana i kekahi mau ʻiʻo palupalu
- Coagulation no ke kāohi ʻana i ke kahe koko
Pono:
- Kūpono no ka kaohi ʻana i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko
– Hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i kekahi mau wahi ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o ka mālama ʻana i ka periodontal.
Ke palena:
– Ma muli o ke komo hohonu ʻana, pono e hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia nā mea hoʻohana e pale aku i ka pilikia o ka wela nui ʻana.
- ʻAʻole pinepine ke koho mua no nā kaʻina hana ʻiʻo paʻakikī
3. Kukui Er:YAG (Erbium:YAG)
ʻOi aku ka makemake o ka laser Er:YAG no nā kaʻina hana ʻiʻo paʻakikī. ʻO kona nalu lōʻihi, ma kahi o 2940 nm, ua komo nui ʻia e ka wai a me ka hydroxyapatite (kahi ʻāpana mineral o nā niho). No laila, he kūpono kēia laser no ka ʻoki ʻana i ka enamel a me ka dentin me ka pololei loa.
Nā hoʻohana nui:
– Hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā lua (wehe ʻana i nā caries) no nā hoʻopihapiha
– Wehe i kekahi calculus a kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka periodontal ma kekahi mau wahi
- Nā hana ma nā ʻiʻo paʻakikī a palupalu i nā hōʻailona kikoʻī
Pono:
- Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma nā niho (enamel/dentin)
– I kekahi mau maʻi, hoʻemi i ka pono no ka anesthesia ma muli o ka haʻalulu emi ma mua o ka wili.
- Ke kikoʻī maikaʻi a hoʻemi i ka hōʻino ʻana i nā ʻiʻo a puni
Ke palena:
– ʻOi aku ke kumukūʻai o nā mea hana
– ʻAʻole kūpono nā hihia caries a pau; i kekahi manawa pono ka wili no ka hoʻopau pono ʻana.
4. Laser Er,Cr:YSGG (Erbium, Chromium:YSGG)
ʻO ka nalu o ka laser Er,Cr:YSGG ma kahi o 2780 nm a he kūpono hoʻi ia ma nā ʻiʻo paʻakikī ma muli o kona omo wai kiʻekiʻe. Ua kaulana kēia laser no kāna ʻenehana pīpī wai e kōkua i ka kaohi ʻana i ka wela i ka wā e ʻoki ai i nā ʻiʻo.
Nā hoʻohana nui:
- Ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā hoʻopihapiha a me ka wehe ʻana i nā caries
– ʻO ka ʻoki ʻana i kekahi mau ʻiʻo palupalu
- Ka mālama ʻana i ka periodontal ma kekahi mau hōʻailona
- Kōkua nā kaʻina hana ʻoki kino liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻiʻo waha
Pono:
- Hiki ke lawelawe i nā ʻiʻo paʻakikī a palupalu
- ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka kaohi wela mahalo i ka hui pū ʻana o ka wai a me ka ikehu laser
- Hoʻoluʻolu iki i kekahi mau maʻi
Ke palena:
– Pono ke aʻo ʻana i ke kiʻikuhi aʻo a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā palena
– He kiʻekiʻe ke kumukūʻai hoʻopukapuka kālā o nā lako
5. Laser CO₂ (Kalapona Dioxide)
Hana ka laser CO₂ ma kahi nalu o 10.600 nm a ua omo nui ʻia e ka wai, e lilo ia i mea kūpono loa ma nā ʻiʻo palupalu. ʻO kēia ka mea e kaulana ai i ke ʻoki waha a me ka mālama ʻana i nā lesion.
Nā hoʻohana nui:
– Ka ʻoki ʻana i nā ʻeha palupalu o nā ʻiʻo (e.g. kekahi mau fibromas, nā ʻiʻo hyperplastic)
– Gingivectomy a me ke ʻano kikoʻī o nā ʻāʻī
- Kōkua i ka sterilization ʻili a me ka coagulation
Pono:
– He kūpono loa ka ʻoki ʻana i nā ʻiʻo palupalu
– Ka liʻiliʻi o ke kahe ʻana o ke koko a me kahi maloʻo o ka wahi hana
- ʻOi aku ka mālie o ka pehu ʻana ma hope o ke kaʻina hana i kekahi mau hihia.
Ke palena:
- ʻAʻole hoʻohana nui ʻia no nā kaʻina hana niho (pūnaewele paʻa)
– Pono ka palekana hou aʻe ma muli o ke ʻano o ke kukui
6. Argon Laser (ʻaʻole i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia)
ʻAʻole i hoʻohana nui ʻia nā lasers Argon i kēia manawa ma mua o nā hanauna laser ʻē aʻe. Eia nō naʻe, i ka wā ma mua, ua hoʻohana ʻia nā lasers argon no kekahi mau kaʻina hana palupalu a me nā kaʻina hana aesthetic ma muli o kā lākou pilina kūikawā me kekahi mau pigments a me nā mea.
Ka hoʻohana ʻana (palena ʻia a pili i ka hāmeʻa):
– Kekahi mau kaʻina hana palupalu
– Kekahi mau noi i ka polymerization o nā mea hoʻihoʻi i ka wā ma mua (me nā palena)
Kaha:
I kēia lā, koho nā keʻena lapaʻau he nui i ka diode, erbium, Nd:YAG, a i ʻole CO₂ ma muli o ko lākou maʻalahi a me ke kākoʻo ākea o nā polokalamu hou.
7. Ka Lapaʻau Laser Pae Haʻahaʻa (LLLT) / Photobiomodulation
ʻAʻole e like me nā lasers "ʻoki" e ʻoki ana i nā ʻiʻo, hoʻohana ʻo LLLT i ka ikehu haʻahaʻa no ka ho'ōla therapeutic. ʻAʻole ka pahuhopu ke kahakaha a ʻoki paha, akā, e kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ʻeha a me ka mumū a hoʻoulu i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā ʻiʻo.
Nā hoʻohana nui:
– E hōʻemi i ka ʻeha ma hope o kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau (e laʻa ma hope o ka unuhi ʻana a i ʻole ka mālama ʻana i ka periodontal)
- Kōkua i ka ho'ōla ʻana i nā ʻeha canker (nā ʻeha aphthous) i kekahi mau hihia
- Kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka mumū TMJ / kekahi ʻeha ʻiʻo ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau adjunct
Pono:
– ʻAʻole komo a ʻoluʻolu hoʻi
- Hiki ke lilo i mea hoʻōla kākoʻo maikaʻi i kekahi mau maʻi
Ke palena:
- Pili nui ka pono i ka hōʻailona a me ke kaʻina hana
- ʻAʻole ia e pani i ka lāʻau lapaʻau mua inā he kumu o ka maʻi a i ʻole nā caries ikaika.
Pehea e koho ai i ka laser "kūpono"?
ʻO ke koho ʻana o ke ʻano laser e pili ana i kekahi mau kumu:
1. ʻAno ʻiʻo i kuhikuhi ʻia: ʻiʻo palupalu vs. ʻiʻo paʻakikī.
2. Ke kumu o ke kaʻina hana: ʻoki ʻana, hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana, hoʻemi ʻana i ka bacteria, hoʻolālā ʻano nani, a i ʻole ka hoʻōla ʻana.
3. Ke kūlana o ka mea maʻi: no ka laʻana ka paepae ʻeha, ka pono e kaohi i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko, ka mōʻaukala o kekahi mau maʻi, a me ka pae o ka hopohopo.
4. ʻIke loea o ka mea hoʻohana a me nā kaʻina hana lapaʻau: he mea koʻikoʻi nā palena laser (mana, lōʻihi, ʻano pulse) no ka palekana.
5. Ke kumukūʻai a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā lako: koi kekahi mau ʻōnaehana laser i nā hoʻopukapuka kālā nui a me ka mālama mau.
Ka palekana a me nā mea e pono ai i nā mea maʻi ke ʻike
ʻO ka maʻamau, palekana nā kaʻina hana laser niho ke hana ʻia e kahi kauka niho i aʻo ʻia a hahai i nā kaʻina hana kūpono. ʻO ka maʻamau, e ʻaʻahu nā mea maʻi a me nā limahana lapaʻau i nā maka pale e kūpono i ke ʻano o ka laser. Eia kekahi, pono nā mea maʻi e nīnau:
He aha nā hōʻailona no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka laser ma kēia hihia?
- He mea pono anei ka anesthesia?
- Pehea ke ʻano o ka mālama ma hope?
– He aha nā pilikia e hiki mai ana (e like me ke kuni ʻana, ka ʻeha iki, a i ʻole ka pehu ʻana)?
Pani
Ua lilo nā lasers i ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o ka hana niho hou, e hāʻawi ana i ka hui pū ʻana o ka pololei, ka ʻoluʻolu, a me ka pono. Loaʻa i nā lasers e like me diode, Nd:YAG, Er:YAG, Er,Cr:YSGG, a me CO₂ ko lākou mau pono ponoʻī ma muli o ka ʻiʻo i manaʻo ʻia a me nā pono o ke kaʻina hana. I kēia manawa, hana ʻo LLLT ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau kākoʻo no ka ho'ōla ʻana a me ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ʻeha. ʻO ka mea hope loa, ʻaʻole pili ka koho maikaʻi loa i ka laser ʻoi aku ka holomua, akā ʻo ia ka mea e kūlike me kāu hōʻailona, nā pahuhopu lapaʻau, a me ka palekana o ka mea maʻi. E kūkākūkā me kāu kauka niho e hōʻoia i loaʻa iā ʻoe ka hoʻolālā lapaʻau kūpono a me nā hopena maikaʻi loa.
