Nā ʻano antibiotics no nā maʻi niho
ʻO nā maʻi niho kahi pilikia olakino maʻamau e hiki ai ke hoʻoulu i ka ʻeha nui, ka pehu ʻana, ka hanu ʻino, a me ke kuni. Hoʻomaka pinepine nā maʻi me nā lua i mālama ʻole ʻia, ka mumū ʻana o ka ʻāʻī, nā aʻa niho i loaʻa i ka maʻi, a i ʻole nā abscesses (nā ʻeke o ka pus) a puni ka niho a me kona mau ʻiʻo kākoʻo. I nā hihia he nui, ʻo ka lāʻau lapaʻau mua no nā maʻi niho ʻaʻole ia he antibiotics , akā, he mau kaʻina hana niho e like me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ke kumu o ka maʻi, ka mālama ʻana i ke aʻa, ka hoʻokahe ʻana i ka abscess, a i ʻole ka unuhi ʻana i ka niho. Eia nō naʻe, pono paha nā antibiotics inā ua pālahalaha ka maʻi, ua hele pū ʻia me nā hōʻailona systemic, a i ʻole he mau kūlana ko ka mea maʻi e hoʻonui ai i ka pilikia o nā pilikia.
Kūkākūkā kēia ʻatikala i nā ʻano antibiotic i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no nā maʻi niho, i ka wā e kuhikuhi pinepine ʻia ai, a me nā mea nui no kā lākou hoʻohana palekana a me ka pono.
I ka manawa hea e pono ai nā antibiotics no kahi maʻi niho?
ʻAʻole pono nā ʻeha niho āpau i nā antibiotics. Hana nā antibiotics i ka bacteria, no laila he mea pono lākou inā he maʻi bacteria ikaika e pilikia ana e laha. Manaʻo nā kauka niho i nā antibiotics inā:
1. Hola ka pehu i nā papālina, ka ʻauwae, a i ʻole ka ʻāʻī.
2. Ke kuni, nāwaliwali, a i ʻole nā hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻōnaehana.
3. Nā ʻōpū i hele pū ʻia me ka pehu nui a paʻakikī paha e wehe (trismus).
4. Hoʻonui ʻia nā lymph nodes a me ka ʻeha i ka wā e moni ai.
5. Nā kūlana pale kino nāwaliwali, no ka laʻana nā poʻe maʻi me kekahi mau maʻi a i ʻole e hana ʻia ana i ka lāʻau immunosuppressive.
No nā hihia o ka ʻeha ma muli o nā lua me ka ʻole o ka laha ʻana o ka pehu, nānā pinepine nā kauka i ka mālama kūloko (nā hoʻopihapiha, ka mālama ʻana i ke aʻa) a me ka hoʻomaha ʻana i ka ʻeha, ma mua o nā antibiotics.
1. Penicillin (Penicillin V)
He lāʻau antibiotic maʻamau ka Penicillin V i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia no nā maʻi waha no ka mea he kūpono loa ia e kūʻē i ka bacteria e hoʻoulu ai i nā maʻi niho. ʻO kona mau pono e komo pū me kona hoʻohana lōʻihi a me ke kumukūʻai kūpono.
Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole pono mau ka penicillin i nā hihia āpau no ka mea hiki i kekahi mau bacteria waha ke hana i nā enzymes e hoʻemi ai i kona pono. Eia kekahi, he maʻi āpau kekahi poʻe i ka penicillin, e pono ai nā koho ʻē aʻe.
Ka hoʻohana maʻamau: nā maʻi niho ʻoluʻolu-kaulike, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻohe kānalua o ke kūʻē kiʻekiʻe.
2. ʻAmoxicillin
No ka hui penicillin ʻo Amoxicillin me kahi spectrum ākea ma mua o Penicillin V. Koho ka nui o nā kauka niho i ka amoxicillin no ka mea ua omo maikaʻi ʻia a kūpono hoʻi e kūʻē i nā bacteria he nui e hoʻoulu ai i nā maʻi niho.
I ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, ʻo amoxicillin ka koho mua no nā poʻe maʻi me ka ʻole o nā maʻi a me nā maʻi e pono ai nā antibiotics.
Nā Pōmaikaʻi: kūpono, loaʻa i nā wahi āpau, maʻalahi ke lawe.
Nānā: ʻaʻole kūpono no nā poʻe maʻi maʻi i ka penicillin.
3. ʻAmoxicillin–Clavulanate (ʻAmoxicillin–Clavulanate)
ʻO ka hui pū ʻana o ka amoxicillin a me ka clavulanic acid e kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā bacteria e hana ana i ka beta-lactamase (kahi enzyme hiki ke "hoʻopau" i kekahi mau antibiotics). No laila, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka amoxicillin-clavulanate no nā maʻi ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi, nā maʻi hou, a i ʻole nā maʻi i manaʻo ʻia he kūʻē i ka amoxicillin maʻamau.
Nā hoʻohana maʻamau: nā abscesses ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi, ka laha ʻana o nā maʻi, a i ʻole nā hihia i hoʻomaikaʻi ʻole ʻia me nā antibiotic laina mua.
Nā hopena ʻaoʻao e hiki mai paha: nā maʻi ʻōpū e like me ka nausea a i ʻole ka maʻi pākī pinepine ma mua o ka amoxicillin wale nō.
4. ʻO Clindamycin
Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo Clindamycin ma ke ʻano he koho mua no nā poʻe maʻi maʻi i ka penicillin. He kūpono kēia antibiotic e kūʻē i nā bacteria anaerobic he nui (nā bacteria e ulu me ka ʻole o ka oxygen) i pili pinepine i nā maʻi niho a me nā abscesses.
ʻOiai he pono, hoʻāla ka clindamycin i nā hopohopo no ka mea hiki ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka maʻi diarrhea koʻikoʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka maʻi Clostridioides difficile i kekahi poʻe. No laila, pono e hoʻohana pono ʻia e like me nā hōʻailona a me ke kauoha a ke kauka.
Nā hoʻohana maʻamau: nā poʻe maʻi maʻi penicillin, nā abscesses odontogenic, nā maʻi ʻiʻo palupalu a puni nā niho.
5. Metronidazole (Metronidazole)
He ikaika loa ka Metronidazole e kūʻē i ka bacteria anaerobic, ka mea i loaʻa pinepine i nā maʻi niho hohonu a me nā ʻāʻī. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ka metronidazole wale nō, akā i ka hui pū ʻana me amoxicillin a i ʻole penicillin inā manaʻo ʻia ka maʻi e pili ana i ka hui ʻana o nā bacteria aerobic a me anaerobic.
Nā hoʻohana maʻamau: nā abscesses niho, kekahi mau maʻi periodontal, a i ʻole ka hui pū ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau i nā maʻi koʻikoʻi.
He mea nui: ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia ka hoʻohana ʻana o Metronidazole me ka waiʻona no ka mea hiki ke hoʻoulu i nā hopena ʻoluʻolu ʻole (nausea nui, luaʻi, palpitations). E hahai i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka e pili ana i nā contraindications.
6. Nā Macrolides: Azithromycin a me Erythromycin
Hiki i nā Macrolides e like me azithromycin a me erythromycin ke lilo i koho ʻē aʻe no nā poʻe maʻi maʻi i ka penicillin. Koho pinepine ʻia ʻo Azithromycin no ka mea he papa hana dosing maʻalahi a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o nā hopena ʻaoʻao gastrointestinal ma mua o ka erythromycin.
Eia nō naʻe, hōʻike kekahi mau bacteria waha i kahi pae o ke kū'ē ʻana i nā macrolides, no laila e noʻonoʻo ke kauka i ke kūlana o ka hihia a me ka mōʻaukala o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka antibiotic ma mua.
Nā hoʻohana maʻamau: kahi ʻē aʻe i ka maʻi allergy penicillin, kekahi mau maʻi ʻoluʻolu-waena.
7. Nā Cephalosporins (Cephalosporins)
Hiki i kekahi mau kauka niho ke kuhikuhi i nā cephalosporins (e.g., cefalexin) no nā maʻi niho, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka mea maʻi kahi allergy koʻikoʻi i ka penicillin. Pili kēia papa o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i ka penicillin, no laila i nā hihia o nā allergies koʻikoʻi (e.g., nā hopena anaphylactic), pono e pale ʻia kā lākou hoʻohana ʻana a i ʻole e noʻonoʻo pono ʻia, e like me ka loiloi a ke kauka.
Ka hoʻohana maʻamau: kahi koho ʻē aʻe i kekahi mau hihia, ʻoi aku hoʻi nā maʻi ʻoluʻolu-kaulike.
Kumumanaʻo Koʻikoʻi: ʻAʻole nā Antibiotics he Pani no ka Mālama Niho
Hiki i nā lāʻau antibiotic ke kōkua i ke kāohi ʻana i ka ulu ʻana o ka bacteria a hōʻemi i ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi, akā ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻopau i ke kumu o ka pilikia, e like me kahi lua hohonu, ka ʻiʻo pulp make, a i ʻole kahi abscess e pono ai ka hoʻokahe wai. Me ka ʻole o ka lāʻau lapaʻau paʻa, hiki i ka maʻi ke hoʻi hou ma hope o ka pau ʻana o nā lāʻau antibiotic.
ʻO nā kaʻina hana niho e pono ai i nā manawa a pau:
– Ka mālama ʻana i ke aʻa niho e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka maʻi mai loko mai o ka niho
- Hoʻokahe wai abscess e wehe i ka pus
– Ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka tartar a me ka mālama ʻana i nā ʻāʻī inā he periodontal ke kumu
- Ka wehe ʻana inā ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻōla hou ʻia ka niho
Pehea e hoʻohana pono ai i nā lāʻau antibiotics
I mea e hana pono ai nā antibiotics a ʻaʻole e hoʻoulu i nā pilikia ʻē aʻe, e hoʻolohe i kēia mau mea:
1. E lawe e like me ke kauoha (ʻaʻole pono e hoʻololi ʻoe i ka nui a me ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻohana ʻana).
2. E hoʻopau i nā lāʻau antibiotic ke ʻole ke haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe e hoʻōki ma muli o kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao.
3. Mai hoʻohana i nā lāʻau antibiotic i koe mai nā maʻi ma mua.
4. E hōʻike i kekahi maʻi ʻaleka lāʻau, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka penicillin a i ʻole cephalosporin.
5. E nānā i nā hōʻailona o nā hopena ʻino e like me ka pōkole o ka hanu, ka laha ʻana o ka hives, ka pehu ʻana o ka maka, a i ʻole ka maʻi kahe nui—e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau.
6. Mai hoʻopaneʻe i ka hana niho: he "alahaka" wale nō nā lāʻau antibiotic ma mua o ka hoʻokō ʻia ʻana o ka lāʻau nui.
Āhea ʻoe e hele koke ai i ke kauka a i ʻole ka lumi pilikia?
E ʻimi koke i ke kōkua inā loaʻa iā ʻoe:
– Piʻi koke ka pehu ʻana ma ka maka/ʻāʻī
- Paʻakikī i ka hanu ʻana a i ʻole ka moni ʻana
- He paʻakikī ke wehe i ka waha
– Ke kuni nui, ke anu, a i ʻole ka nāwaliwali e ʻoi aku ana
ʻEha nui ʻaʻole i hoʻomaikaʻi me ka lāʻau lapaʻau
Hiki i ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi niho ke lilo i mea weliweli inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia.
Pani
ʻO nā ʻano antibiotic maʻamau no nā maʻi niho e komo pū ana me ka penicillin (Penicillin V), amoxicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanate, clindamycin, metronidazole, macrolides (azithromycin/erythromycin), a me cephalosporins i kekahi mau kūlana. ʻO ke koho ʻana o ka antibiotic e pili ana i ke koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi, ke ʻano bacteria i manaʻo ʻia, nā maʻi allergies, a me ke olakino holoʻokoʻa o ka mea maʻi.
ʻO ka mea nui loa, pono e hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau antibiotic e like me ke kuhikuhi a ke kauka a kauka niho paha, me ka mālama ʻana i ke kumu o ka maʻi. Me ka mālama pono a me ka hoʻohana akamai ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki ke mālama palekana a wikiwiki i nā maʻi niho, e pale ana i nā pilikia.
Inā makemake ʻoe, hiki iaʻu ke hoʻololi i kēia ʻatikala i mea e "kaulana" ai no kahi blog olakino, a i ʻole "ʻepekema" me nā kuhikuhi a me ke ʻano kākau e like me ka puke pai.
