1. Ma'anar salo
Ƙarfi wani abu ne da ke sa abubuwa su fuskanci hanzartaA wata ma'anar, ƙarfi wani abu ne da ke motsawa, tsayawa ko canza alkiblar motsi na wani abu.
Salo shine Adadin vector Saboda haka, ƙarfi yana da girma da alkibla. Alamar ƙarfi ita ce F (Ƙarfi). F ita ce alamar gabaɗaya ta ƙarfi. Akwai nau'ikan ƙarfi da yawa, kuma ba duk nau'ikan ƙarfi ke da alamar F ba. Naúrar ƙarfi ta duniya ita ce kg m/s.2 aka Newton.
2. Fahimtar cikakken ƙarfi ko ƙarfin da ya biyo baya
Jimlar ƙarfin ko ƙarfin da ya samo asali shine jimlar dukkan ƙarfin da ke aiki akan wani abu. Ƙarfi adadi ne na vector, saboda haka ana ƙididdige jimlar ƙarfin ta amfani da ƙa'idar ƙarin vector.
Misalin matsalar.
1.
Jimlar ƙarfin = 10 Newton, alkiblar jimlar ƙarfin tana hannun dama.
2.
Jimlar ƙarfin = 8 Newton, alkiblar jimlar ƙarfin tana zuwa dama
3.
Jimlar ƙarfi = 0
4.
Jimlar ƙarfi = 0
5. Idan tarin abubuwan iri ɗaya ne, to abin da ke da mafi girman hanzari shine...
Tattaunawa
Dokar Newton ta Biyu ta bayyana cewa girman hanzarin da abu ke fuskanta yana daidai da girman ƙarfin kuma yana daidai da nauyin abu. Alkiblar hanzarin ko alkiblar motsi na abu yana daidai da alkiblar ƙarfin da ke aiki akan abu.
Tsarin lissafi na dokar Newton ta biyu: a = F / m
Hanzari yana daidai da ƙarfi, don haka abin da ke da mafi girman hanzari shine abin da mafi girman ƙarfin sakamako ke aiki a kai.
Salo shine Adadin vector Saboda haka, ana daidaita ƙarin ƙarfi bisa ga ƙa'idodin ƙara yawan vector. Idan ƙarfin yana cikin layi madaidaiciya, to ana ƙara ƙarfin da ke cikin alkibla ɗaya kuma ana cire ƙarfin da ke akasin haka.
A –> Ƙarfin da aka samu = 5 + 2 + 3 = 10 Newtons (alkiblar ƙarfi zuwa dama)
B –> Ƙarfin da aka samu = 3 + 5 – 2 = 6 Newtons (alkiblar ƙarfi zuwa dama)
C –> Ƙarfin da aka samu = 5 – 12 – 3 = -10 Newton (alkiblar ƙarfi zuwa hagu)
D –> Ƙarfin da aka samu = 3 – 5 – 12 = -14 Newton (alkiblar ƙarfi zuwa hagu).
Alamomin da suka dace da marasa kyau suna bayyana alkiblar ƙarfin da aka samu ne kawai. Ƙarfin da aka samu Alamar da ke da kyau tana nufin alkiblar ƙarfin da aka samu yana zuwa dama (abin yana motsawa zuwa dama) kuma alamar da ba ta da kyau tana nufin alkiblar ƙarfin da aka samu yana zuwa hagu (abin yana motsawa zuwa hagu).
Amsar da ta dace ita ce D.
6. Idan waɗannan abubuwa suna da irin wannan nauyi, to wane hoto ne ke da ƙaramin saurin gudu?
Tattaunawa
Nauyin abu iri ɗaya ne, don haka ƙaramin hanzari yana da alaƙa da abin da ƙaramin ƙarfin sakamako ke aiki a kai.
A –> Ƙarfin da aka samu = 8 + 15 – 10 = 13 Newtons (alkiblar ƙarfi zuwa dama)
B –> Ƙarfin da aka samu = 10 + 8 – 5 = 13 Newtons (alkiblar ƙarfi zuwa dama)
C –> Ƙarfin da aka samu = 2 + 5 – 3 = 4 Newtons (alkiblar ƙarfi zuwa dama)
D –> Ƙarfin da aka samu = 8 + 4 – 5 = 7 Newtons (alkiblar ƙarfi zuwa dama)
Amsar da ta dace ita ce C.
7. Abubuwa huɗu masu nauyi iri ɗaya suna fuskantar ƙarfi da yawa a lokaci guda kamar yadda aka nuna a cikin hoton da ke ƙasa. Wane abu ne ke fuskantar ƙaramin hanzari?
Tattaunawa
Nauyin abu iri ɗaya ne, don haka ƙaramin hanzari yana da alaƙa da abin da ƙaramin ƙarfin sakamako ke aiki a kai.
A –> Ƙarfin da aka samu = 35 + 30 – 25 = 40 Newtons (alkiblar ƙarfi zuwa dama)
B –> Ƙarfin da aka samu = 15 + 25 – 45 = -5 Newton (alkiblar ƙarfi zuwa hagu)
C –> Ƙarfin da aka samu = 55 – 30 – 40 = -15 Newton (alkiblar ƙarfi zuwa hagu)
D –> Ƙarfin da aka samu = 50 + 10 – 40 = 20 Newtons (alkiblar ƙarfi zuwa dama)
Amsar da ta dace ita ce B.
8. Alkibla da sakamakon ƙarfin da ke cikin hoton da ke gefe shine...
A. 2 N zuwa Tono
B. 2 N zuwa Irham
C. 282 N zuwa Tono
D. 282 N zuwa Irham
Tattaunawa
Babba ƙarfin da aka samu :
ΣF = 142 N – 140 N
ΣF = 2 Newton
Alkiblar ƙarfin da aka samu = alkiblar ƙarfin 142 Newton = zuwa ga Tono, domin 142 Newton ya fi 140 Newton
Amsar da ta dace ita ce A.
9. Kalli hoton da ke ƙasa!
Umar da Amir suna jan hankali a sassa daban-daban. Idan ƙarfin Umar shine 25 N kuma ƙarfin Amir shine 20 N, to sakamakon ƙarfin biyu shine...
A. 5 Newtons
B. 20 Newtons
C. 25 Newtons
D. 45 Newtons
Tattaunawa
Ƙarfin da aka samu = 25 N – 20 N = 5 Newtons
Amsar da ta dace ita ce A.
