Ukusetshenziswa Kwezinhlanzi Ezincane Njengokudla Kwezilwane
Ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlanzi ezincane njengokudla kwezilwane kuyisihloko esibalulekile ekuthuthukisweni kwemfuyo nokudoba okusimeme. Ezindaweni eziningi ezisogwini nasezindaweni zokudoba, izinhlanzi ezincane zivame ukuba ziningi, kungaba njengezinhlanzi ezibanjwa ngokungazelelwe noma njengezinhlanzi ezinenani eliphansi ezidingakalayo emakethe yabathengi. Uma zingaphathwa, izinhlanzi ezincane zinamandla okuba yimfucuza, zikhiphe iphunga, futhi zingcolise imvelo. Ngokuphambene nalokho, ngokucubungula okufanele, izinhlanzi ezincane zingaguqulwa zibe umthombo wekhwalithi ephezulu wokudla kwezilwane zangaphakathi kanye nokufuywa kwezinhlanzi.
Kungani Izinhlanzi Ezincane Zifanele Ukusetshenziswa?
Izinhlanzi ezincane ngokuvamile zinokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamaprotheni, iphrofayili enhle yama-amino acid, futhi zicebile ngamaminerali afana ne-calcium ne-phosphorus. Ezilwaneni, lezi zakhamzimba zibalulekile ekukhuleni, ekwakhekeni kwemisipha, ekukhuleni kwamathambo, ekukhiqizweni kwamaqanda, kanye nasekuqiniseni amasosha omzimba. Ngaphezu kwalokho, okuqukethwe kwamafutha kwezinye izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezincane kuqukethe ama-fatty acid abalulekile asekela ukusebenza kahle kwezilwane.
Ngokomnotho, izithako zokudla zivame ukuba yizona zinto ezibiza kakhulu ekulimeni kwemfuyo. Ukuthembela ezintweni zokusetshenziswa ezingenisiwe, njengokudla kwenhlanzi okuseqophelweni eliphezulu noma imithombo ethile yamaprotheni, kungaphazamisa izindleko zokukhiqiza. Ngokusebenzisa izinhlanzi ezincane, ezitholakala endaweni, abalimi bangathola okunye ukudla okungabizi kakhulu, okunamaprotheni amaningi ngenkathi ngesikhathi esifanayo benika amandla uchungechunge lokuphakelwa kwendawo.
Izinhlobo Zezinhlanzi Ezincane Ezinamandla
Izinhlobo zezinhlanzi ezincane ezingasetshenziswa zincike ekutholakaleni kwesifunda. E-Indonesia, izibonelo zifaka phakathi ama-anchovies, ama-tembang (ama-shrimp), ama-rebon (ama-shrimp amancane), izinhlanzi ezidotshwayo, kanye nezinhlanzi ezidotshwayo ezidotshwayo ngamanethi ahlukahlukene. Eziningi zalezi azihlangabezani nezindinganiso zemakethe yabathengi ngenxa yobukhulu bazo, ukuthungwa, noma ukuguquguquka kwazo. Kodwa-ke, ngokombono wokudla okunempilo, izinhlanzi ezidotshwayo kanye nezinhlanzi ezincane zihlala ziwusizo uma ziphathwa ngendlela ehlanzekile futhi zicutshungulwa kahle.
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlanzi ezincane kumele kucabangele ukuzinza. Ukudoba izinhlanzi ezincane kakhulu, okungalawulwa, kungaphazamisa uchungechunge lokudla kwasolwandle kanye nezinhlanzi ezigciniwe. Ngakho-ke, imithombo ephephile kakhulu yizinhlanzi ezibanjwe ngokungafanele, izinhlanzi ezilahliwe, noma izinhlanzi eziningi futhi ezibanjwa ngokwemithetho.
Izindlela Zokucubungula Izinhlanzi Ezincane Zokuphakela Ukudla
Ukuze izinhlanzi ezincane zisetshenziswe njengokudla kwezilwane, ukucubungula kuyadingeka ukuze kwandiswe isikhathi sokuphila kwazo eshalofini, kuncishiswe ingozi yamagciwane, futhi kube lula ukufakwa ekudleni. Ezinye izindlela ezivamile zokucubungula zifaka:
1. Ukudla Kwenhlanzi
Ukudla kwenhlanzi kuwumkhiqizo othandwa kakhulu. Le nqubo ihilela ukuwasha, ukubilisa noma ukufutha, ukucindezela (ukunciphisa amanzi namafutha), ukomisa, bese kugaya. Ukudla kwenhlanzi kwekhwalithi enhle kunokuqukethwe okuphezulu kwamaprotheni kanye nephunga elihlukile, kanye nokuqukethwe okuphansi komswakama, okwenza kungabi lula ukukhunta.
Inzuzo ye-fishmeal ukuthi kulula ukuyigcina kanye nokuxuba ukudla okulula. Kodwa-ke, inqubo yokomisa idinga amandla kanye nemishini. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ikhwalithi ye-fishmeal ithintwa kakhulu ubusha bezinto zokusetshenziswa. Izinhlanzi ezibolile zingakhiqiza ukudla okunuka kakhulu futhi zinciphise ukudla.
2. I-Fish Silage
I-silage yenhlanzi yenziwa ngokubilisa noma ukufaka i-asidi kusetshenziswa ama-asidi e-organic (njenge-formic acid/lactic acid) noma ngokubilisa ama-microbial. Inhlanzi iyagaywa noma igaywe, bese ixutshwa ne-ejenti yokufaka i-asidi bese igcinwa esitsheni esivaliwe kuze kube yilapho ifinyelela ukuthungwa kwe-pulp okuzinzile.
I-silage yezinhlanzi ifanelekela ukukhiqizwa kwezinga elincane kuya kweliphakathi ngenxa yemishini yayo elula. Lo mkhiqizo ucebile ngamaprotheni futhi ungasetshenziswa njengesithako sokudla kwezilwane. Izinselele zifaka phakathi ukulawula iphunga, ukuhlanzeka, kanye nokupakishwa ukuze kuvinjelwe ukonakala.
3. Inhlanzi Eyomisiwe Noma Enosawoti Yezithako Zokudla
Ukomisa kwendabuko kungenziwa ngokuwomisa elangeni noma ngokusebenzisa ihhavini elilula. Izinhlanzi ezincane ezomisiwe zingagaywa zibe ufulawa oqinile. Kodwa-ke, le ndlela idinga ukunakwa ngokucophelela ekuhlanzeni kanye nengozi yothuli noma ukungcoliswa yizinambuzane. Uma kusetshenziswa usawoti, okuqukethwe usawoti kumele kulawulwe, njengoba usawoti omningi ungaba yingozi kwezinye izilwane, ikakhulukazi izinkukhu kanye nezilwane ezincane.
4. Ukudla Okumanzi Okuqondile
Kwezinye izimo, izinhlanzi ezincane ezintsha zingaphakelwa ngqo, isibonelo kumadada noma izinhlanzi ezithile ezifuywayo. Nakuba kuwusizo, le ndlela inengozi yokonakala uma ingadliwa ngokushesha futhi idinga ukuhlinzekwa okuqhubekayo kwezinhlanzi ezintsha. Ukusebenzisa ukudla okumanzi kudinga nokuhlanzeka okuqinile kwekheji.
Ukusetshenziswa Kwezinhlobo Ezihlukahlukene Zemfuyo
Izinkukhu (Inkukhu nedada)
Ezinkukhu, ukudla kwenhlanzi kuvame ukusetshenziswa njengomthombo wamaprotheni ezilwane ukuthuthukisa ukukhula nokukhiqizwa kwamaqanda. Okuqukethwe kwayo kwama-amino acid abalulekile, njenge-lysine ne-methionine, kusiza ekwakheni izicubu zomzimba nokuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yokukhiqiza. Kodwa-ke, ukusetshenziswa kwayo kufanele kukhawulelwe emazingeni athile ukuvimbela iphunga lenhlanzi emikhiqizweni (isb., amaqanda) nokugcina ibhalansi nezinye izithako zokudla.
Izilwane ezidla inyama (Izinkomo, Izimbuzi, Izimvu)
Kuma-ruminant, imithombo yamaprotheni ezilwane ngokuvamile isetshenziswa ngokukhetha okukhulu. Ezinye izinhlobo zokudla kwezinhlanzi zingasebenza njengamaprotheni adlulayo (amanye awo abalekela ukuwohloka kwe-rumen), ngaleyo ndlela kuzuze ukukhiqizwa noma ukukhula kobisi. Kodwa-ke, ukwakheka kokudla kwe-ruminant kumele kucabangele ibhalansi yamandla kanye ne-fiber. Ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlanzi ezincane njengesithako sokudla kwe-ruminant ngokuvamile akubanzi njengasezinkukhu noma ekufuyweni kwezinhlanzi.
Ukulinywa Kwezinhlanzi Nezimfanzi
Kokudla kwezinhlanzi kanye nezimfanzi, izinhlanzi ezincane zingaba yizinto eziyinhloko zokusetshenziswa ngenxa yephrofayili yazo yamaprotheni, efanele ukukhula kwezinto eziphilayo zasemanzini. Kwezinye izindawo, izinhlanzi ezidoti zisetshenziswa njengokudla kwezinhlanzi ezidla inyama, yize izitayela zamanje zikhuthaza ukusetshenziswa kokudla okulinganiselwe kakhulu kwe-pellet. Ukucubungula izinhlanzi ezincane zibe ukudla noma i-silage kungasiza ekukhiqizweni kokudla okuzimele, kunciphise ukuthembela ekudleni okwenziwe, futhi kuzinzise izindleko zokusebenza.
Izinzuzo Zezomnotho Nezemvelo
Ukusebenzisa izinhlanzi ezincane njengokudla kwezilwane kunikeza izinzuzo ezimbili. Ngokomnotho, amabhizinisi okudoba angathola inani elengeziwe ekubanjweni kwezinhlanzi okwakungabhekwa njengenani eliphansi ngaphambilini. Abalimi banganciphisa nezindleko zokudla futhi bandise ukusebenza kahle kokukhiqiza. Ngokwemvelo, ukucubungula izinhlanzi ezincane kunciphisa imfucuza yezinto eziphilayo engase ingcolise amanzi futhi idale izinkinga zokuhlanzeka eduze kwamachweba noma izindawo zokufika kwezinhlanzi.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ukuhlanganisa imikhakha yezokudoba kanye nemfuyo kungaqinisa izinhlelo zokudla zendawo. Uma izithako zokudla zitholakala endaweni, izintambo zokuhlinzeka ziyafinyezwa, kunciphisa umthelela wekhabhoni ekuthuthweni kanye nokuthembela ezithakweni ezingenisiwe.
Izinselele kanye nezinto okufanele uziqaphele
Naphezu kwamandla ayo, ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlanzi ezincane njengokudla kwezilwane kunezinselele eziningana:
1. Ukusha nokuphepha kwezinto zokusetshenziswa: Izinhlanzi zibola ngokushesha, ngakho-ke ukuphathwa kwazo ngemva kokuvunwa kumele kube ngokushesha futhi kuhlanzeke. Imikhiqizo ebolile yandisa ingozi yamagciwane futhi yehlisa ikhwalithi yokudla.
2. Ukulinganisa ikhwalithi: Izinhlanzi ezincane zezinhlobo ezahlukene zikhiqiza okuqukethwe okunomsoco okungalingani. Indlela yokwakheka kokudla eguquguqukayo noma ukuhlaziywa okulula kokudla okunomsoco kuyadingeka.
3. Ingozi yokungcoliswa: Njengoba ezinye izinhlanzi ezincane zivela ekubanjweni okungahleliwe, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi kungenzeka kube nokungcola okufana nezinsimbi ezisindayo ezindaweni ezithile, kanye nokungcoliswa kwezinto eziphilayo.
4. Ukutholakala kwesizini: Ukukhiqizwa kwezinhlanzi ezincane kuvame ukuthintwa yizinkathi zonyaka. Izinhlelo zokulondoloza (ukudla, i-silage, ukomisa) ziyisihluthulelo sokugcina ukutholakala konyaka wonke.
5. Izinsiza ezihlala isikhathi eside: Ukuqoqwa kwezinhlanzi ezincane ngezinga elikhulu kufanele kugwenywe uma kusongela imvelo. Ukugxila okungcono kufanele kube ekusebenziseni imikhiqizo engaphansi kanye nezinhlanzi ezisele ngempela.
I-Penutup
Ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlanzi ezincane njengokudla kwezilwane kuyisu elibalulekile lokuvikeleka kokudla, ukusebenza kahle kwezomnotho, kanye nokuphathwa kwemvelo. Ngezindlela zokucubungula ezifana nokudla kwezinhlanzi, i-silage, noma ukomisa, izinhlanzi ezincane ezazingabalulekile ngaphambili zingaba umthombo wamaprotheni wekhwalithi ephezulu wezinkukhu, izilwane ezithile ezifuywayo, futhi ikakhulukazi ukulima izinhlanzi. Isihluthulelo sempumelelo sisekuphathweni kwezinto zokusetshenziswa ezihlanzekile, izindlela zokucubungula ezifanele, kanye nezimiso eziqhubekayo ukuqinisekisa ukuthi ukusetshenziswa kwezinhlanzi ezincane akulimazi imvelo. Uma kuphathwa kahle, le ndlela ayigcini nje ngokwandisa umkhiqizo wemfuyo kodwa futhi ikhuthaza ukusetshenziswa okuhlakaniphile nokuphumelelayo kwezinsiza zendawo.
