Mehlala ea Lipotso tsa Puisano ea Litsamaiso tsa Elektroniki
Litsamaiso tsa elektroniki li bapala karolo ea bohlokoa makaleng a fapaneng a bophelo ba sejoale-joale, ho tloha puisanong le indastering ho ea ho bongaka. Kutloisiso e felletseng ea likhopolo tsa motheo le ts'ebeliso ea litsamaiso tsa elektroniki ke ea bohlokoa bakeng sa baithuti le litsebi tse batlang ho nts'etsapele boiphihlelo lefapheng lena. Sengoloa sena se tla hlahisa mehlala e 'maloa ea mathata le lipuisano mabapi le litsamaiso tsa elektroniki, tseo re tšepang hore li tla fana ka temohisiso le ho thusa ts'ebetso ea ho ithuta.
1. Mohlala oa Bothata: Potoloho ea Sefe ea RC e Fetileng ka Tlase
Potso:
U fuoa potoloho ea sefe ea RC e nang le pass e tlase, moo khanyetso (R) e leng 1kΩ 'me capacitance (C) e le 100nF. Bala maqhubu a ho khaola a sefe.
Puisano:
Maqhubu a ho kgaola (f_c) a sefe sa RC se fetisang ka tlase a ka balwa ho sebediswa foromo:
\[ f_c = \frac{1}{2 \pi RC} \]
Ka ho fetola boleng ba capacitance ho tloha ho nanoFarad ho ea ho Farad:
\[ C = 100nF = 100 \makgetlo a 10^{-9} F \]
Joale, re nkela boleng ba R le C sebaka ka mokhoa ona:
\[ f_c = \frac{1}{2 \pi (1 \makgetlo a 10^3)(100 \makgetlo a 10^{-9})} \]
\[ f_c = \frac{1}{2 \pi \times 10^{-4}} \]
\[ f_c \hoo e ka bang \frac{1}{6.28 \makgetlo a 10^{-4}} \]
\[ f_c \hoo e ka bang 1591.55 Hz \]
Kahoo, maqhubu a ho kgaola a sefe sena ke hoo e ka bang 1591.55 Hz.
2. Potso ea Mohlala: Ho Fumana Li-Amplifiers tsa Ts'ebetso (Op-Amp)
Potso:
Ha o sebedisa amplifier e sebetsang e sa fetoheng e nang le boleng ba R1 = 1kΩ le R2 = 10kΩ, bala keketseho ya potoloho.
Puisano:
Phaello ea amplifier ea ts'ebetso e sa fetoheng e baloa ka foromo:
\[ Phaello(A) = 1 + \frac{R2}{R1} \]
Ka boleng bo fanoeng ba R1 le R2:
\[ A = 1 + \frac{10k\Omega}{1k\Omega} \]
\[ A = 1 + 10 \]
\[ A = 11 \]
Ho tsoa liphethong tse ka holimo, phaello ea amplifier ena e sebetsang e sa fetoheng ke makhetlo a 11.
3. Potso ea Mohlala: Sistimi ea Dijithale e nang le Lothari ea Matšoao
Potso:
Letšoao la dijithale la maoto a mahlano le hlahisa paterone ea khoutu ea binary 01101. Bala boleng bo tsamaellanang ba desimali ba paterone ea khoutu ea binary.
Puisano:
Ho fetolela khoutu ea binary ho ea ho decimal, re ka sebelisa mokhoa oa ho atisa ka matla a mekhoa e 'meli. Nomoro e 'ngoe le e 'ngoe ea binary e atisoa ka 2, e phahamisoa ho ea matleng a tsamaellanang le boemo ba eona ho tloha ka ho le letona ho ea ka ho le letšehali, ho qala ka matla a 0.
Paterone ea binary 01101 e ka baloa ka tsela ena:
\[ 0 \makgetlo a 2^4 + 1 \makgetlo a 2^3 + 1 \makgetlo a 2^2 + 0 \makgetlo a 2^1 + 1 \makgetlo a 2^0 \]
Eba:
\[ 0 \makgetlo a 16 + 1 \makgetlo a 8 + 1 \makgetlo a 4 + 0 \makgetlo a 2 + 1 \makgetlo a 1 \]
\[ = 0 + 8 + 4 + 0 + 1 \]
\[ = 13 \]
Kahoo, boleng ba desimali ba paterone ea binary 01101 ke 13.
4. Potso ea Mohlala: Potoloho ea Phetisetso ea Maqhubu a Felletseng
Potso:
U sebelisa transformer e theohelang ka mohato e fokotsang motlakase ho tloha ho 240V AC ho ea ho 24V AC, e hokahantsoeng le sesebelisoa sa ho lokisa maqhubu a felletseng, bala motlakase oa DC o hlahang haeba diode e loketse (ntle le ho theoha ha motlakase).
Puisano:
Sehatsetsi sa maqhubu a felletseng se fetola motlakase oa AC ho DC ka ho lokisa potoloho eohle ea AC. Motlakase oa DC o hlahisoang ke sehatsetsi sa maqhubu a felletseng o ka fumanoa ka ho bala motlakase o tloaelehileng oa sebopeho sa maqhubu a lokisitsoeng.
Bakeng sa diode e loketseng le motlakase oa RMS ho input (transformer ea tlhahiso), motlakase oa DC oa tlhahiso ea rectifier ea maqhubu a felletseng e arohaneng ke:
\[ V_{DC} \hoo e ka bang \frac{2V_{RMS}}{\pi} \]
Mona, motlakase oa RMS ke 24V.
\[ V_{DC} \hoo e ka bang \frac{2 \makgetlo a 24}{3.14} \]
\[ V_{DC} \hoo e ka bang \frac{48}{3.14} \]
\[ V_{DC} \hoo e ka bang 15.29V \]
Kahoo, motlakase o hlahang oa DC o ka bang 15.29V.
5. Potso ea Mohlala: Motsoako o Tšoanang oa Potoloho ea Resonance ea LC
Potso:
Fumana maqhubu a resonant \( f_r \) a potoloho ea resonant ea LC e nang le inductor L = 10mH le capacitor C = 10µF.
Puisano:
Maqhubu a resonant (\( f_r \)) a potoloho e bapileng ea LC a baloa ka foromo:
\[ f_r = \frac{1}{2 \pi \sqrt{LC}} \]
Ka ho fetolela boleng ba L le C ho diyuniti tsa Henry le Farad:
\[ L = 10mH = 10 \makgetlo a 10^{-3}H \]
\[ C = 10µF = 10 \makgetlo a 10^{-6}F \]
Kenya L le C sebakeng sa foromo:
\[ f_r = \frac{1}{2 \pi \sqrt{(10 \makgetlo a 10^{-3})(10 \makgetlo a 10^{-6})}} \]
\[ f_r = \frac{1}{2 \pi \sqrt{10 \makgetlo a 10^{-9}}} \]
\[ f_r = \frac{1}{2 \pi \sqrt{10^{-8}}} \]
\[ f_r = \frac{1}{2 \pi \times 10^{-4}} \]
\[ f_r = \frac{10^4}{2 \pi} \]
\[ f_r \hoo e ka bang \frac{10^4}{6.28} \]
\[ f_r \hoo e ka bang 1591.55 Hz \]
Kahoo, maqhubu a molumo oa potoloho ena ea LC ke hoo e ka bang 1591.55 Hz.
Qetello
Ho tsoa puisanong ea mathata a mohlala a kaholimo, re bone kamoo ho sebelisa melao-motheo ea motheo ea elektronike ho ka re thusang ho utloisisa le ho rarolla mathata a tloaelehileng a kopanang le 'ona tšimong. Ho utloisisa likhopolo le mokhoa o tsoelang pele ho bohlokoa bakeng sa ho tseba litsamaiso tsa elektroniki. Ho tšeptjoa hore sengoloa sena se tla thusa babali ho utloisisa hamolemo mokhoa oa ho bala likarolo le thepa ea motheo ea litsamaiso tsa elektroniki, ka hona ho ba nolofalletsa ho li sebelisa lithutong tsa bona le mosebetsing.
