Kupesvedzera Kwezvinhu Zvakatipoteredza Pakugadzira Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis inzira inokosha yebiochemical inoitika mumiti, algae, uye mamwe marudzi emabhakitiriya. Maitiro aya anoshandura simba rechiedza kubva kuzuva kuita simba remakemikari muchimiro cheglucose, iyo inoshandiswa pakukura nekukura. Zvisinei, maitiro ephotosynthesis anopesvedzerwa nezvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvakatipoteredza . Chinyorwa chino chichakurukura kuti zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana zvezvakatipoteredza zvakaita sechiedza, tembiricha, mvura, kabhoni dhayokisaidhi (CO2), uye zvinovaka muviri zvevhu zvinokanganisa sei maitiro ephotosynthesis.
Kukosha kweChiedza muPhotosynthesis
Chiedza chinhu chakakosha pakugadzira photosynthesis. Pasina chiedza, chlorophyll iri muma chloroplast emiti haigone kutora simba rinodiwa kuti ipatsanure mamorekuru emvura kuita okisijeni nehydrogen. Simba, mhando, uye nguva yechiedza zvinoita basa guru mukumhanya kwekugadzira photosynthesis.
– Kusimba Kwechiedza: Kana chiedza chakaderera, kumhanya kwephotosynthesis kwakadererawo nekuti simba riripo rekufambisa reaction rakaganhurirwa. Kusiyana neizvi, kana chiedza chakawedzera kupfuura imwe nhanho, kumhanya kwephotosynthesis kunowedzerawo kusvika chasvika pakuzara. Mushure meizvi, kuwedzera kwechiedza hakuchawedzere kumhanya kwephotosynthesis nekuti zvimwe zvinhu zvinova zvinogumira.
– Hunhu hweChiedza: Mawavelength akasiyana echiedza anokanganisa photosynthesis zvakasiyana. Chiedza chitsvuku nebhuruu ndizvo zvinonyanya kushanda mukusimudzira photosynthesis nekuti zvinonyatsotorwa nechlorophyll. Chiedza chegirini hachina kushanda zvakanyanya nekuti chinoonekwa nemashizha, zvichikonzera kutaridzika kwawo kwegirini.
– Nguva Yechiedza: Kuona chiedza nguva yezuva nezuva, kana kuti nguva yechiedza, kunokanganisawo maitiro ephotosynthesis. Mimwe miriwo inoda nguva chaiyo yechiedza kuti iwane mwero wephotosynthesis wakakodzera.
Mhedzisiro yeTembiricha paPhotosynthesis
Kupisa chimwe chinhu chinobata nharaunda chinokanganisa zvikuru photosynthesis. Ma enzymes anokonzera mashandiro e biochemical mu photosynthesis ane tembiricha dzawo dzakakodzera.
– Tembiricha Dzakaderera: Patembiricha dzakaderera, ma enzyme haashande zvakanaka, izvo zvinoderedza mwero we photosynthesis. Patembiricha dzakaderera, kunyanya pasi pechando, mvura iri mumashizha inogona kuoma nechando, zvichiita kuti photosynthesis irege kushanda zvachose.
– Kupisa Kwakakwirira: Pakupisa kwakanyanya, mashandiro ema enzyme anotanga kuwedzera, zvichiwedzera mwero we photosynthesis. Zvisinei, kana tembiricha yakanyanya, ma enzyme anogona kuputsika (kuparara), zvichikonzera kudzikira kwemwero we photosynthesis. Uyezve, kupisa kwakanyanya kunogona kuwedzera mwero wekufema, izvo zvinogona kukonzera kushushikana kwemvura mumiti.
Mhedzisiro yeKuwanikwa kweMvura paPhotosynthesis
Mvura chinhu chakakosha mukuita photosynthesis. Mamorekuru emvura anopwanyika panguva yechiedza chephotosynthesis kuti agadzire okisijeni, maerekitironi, nemapurotoni.
– Kushaikwa kwemvura: Kana mvura iri shoma, stomata (maburi ari mumashizha) anowanzovhara kuti mvura ichengetedzeke. Kuvharwa kwestomata uku kunoderedza kupinda kweCO2, iyo inodiwa pakugadzira photosynthesis, nokudaro zvichideredza mwero wekugadzira photosynthesis.
– Mvura Yakawandisa: Panguva imwe chete, mvura yakawandisa inogona kukonzera ivhu risina mweya (ivhu risina okisijeni), izvo zvinogona kukuvadza midzi uye kukanganisa kunwa kwemvura nezvinovaka muviri, zvichizopedzisira zvakanganisa photosynthesis.
Mhedzisiro yeCarbon Dioxide (CO2) Concentration paPhotosynthesis
Kabhoni dhayiokisijeni imwezve nzira yekugadzira photosynthesis. Kuwanda kweCO2 mumhepo kunogona kudzikamisa kana kuwedzera mwero wephotosynthesis, zvichienderana nekuwanikwa kwayo.
– Kuwanda Kwemhepo: Kana huwandu hweCO2 hwakaderera, mwero wephotosynthesis unodziviswa nekuti CO2 inowanikwa panguva yeCalvin cycle (imwe yematanho ephotosynthesis) ishoma kwazvo.
– Kuwanda kweCO2: Kuwedzera huwandu hweCO2 kunogona kuwedzera mwero wephotosynthesis. Zvisinei, izvi zvinoshanda chete kusvika pane imwe nguva, mushure mezvo mwero wacho unogadzikana kana kutoderera kana enzyme rubisco (enzyme inobatanidza CO2 muphotosynthesis) ikaitika.
Mhedzisiro yeKudya Kwevhu paPhotosynthesis
Zvirimwa zvinoda zvinovaka muviri zvakasiyana-siyana kubva muvhu kuti zvive nephotosynthesis uye kuti zvikure zvakanaka. Zvimwe zvezvinovaka muviri izvi zvinosanganisira nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, uye sarufa.
– Nitrogen (N): Chinhu chikuru che chlorophyll nemaamino acids, nitrogen inokosha pakugadzira photosynthesis. Kushaikwa kwenitrogen kunokonzera chlorosis, kana kuti yero yemashizha, izvo zvinoderedza kugona kwemuti kugadzira photosynthesis zvinobudirira.
– Phosphorus (P): Inobatanidzwa mukufambisa simba, phosphorus inokosha pakuumbwa kweATP (adenosine triphosphate) iyo inoshandiswa mu photosynthesis uye metabolism yese yemasero.
– Potassium (K): Potassium inobatsira mukugadzirisa stomata ne osmotic balance, ichipesvedzera kuyerera kwemvura nemagasi achipinda nekubuda mumashizha, izvo zvinozopesvedzera photosynthesis.
– Magnesium (Mg): Chinhu chikuru che chlorophyll molecule, magnesium inokosha pakupinza chiedza. Kushaikwa kwemagnesium kunoita kuti mashizha ane chlorine ashande zvakanaka, zvichideredza kushanda kwe photosynthesis.
Mhedziso
Zvinhu zvakatipoteredza zvakaita sechiedza, tembiricha, mvura, huwandu hweCO2, uye zvinovaka muviri muvhu zvinopesvedzera zvakanyanya photosynthesis. Chimwe nechimwe chezvinhu izvi chinoita basa rakasiyana uye rakabatana, richidzora kukura kwezvirimwa munzvimbo dzakasiyana-siyana dzezvakatipoteredza . Kunzwisisa kuti zvinhu izvi zvinokanganisa sei photosynthesis kwakakosha mukuwedzera kugadzirwa kwekurima, kugadzirisa shanduko yezvakatipoteredza, uye kugadzira mhinduro dzinogara kwenguva refu kumatambudziko epasi rose akadai sekushanduka kwemamiriro ekunze uye kuchengetedzeka kwechikafu.
Kudzidza kwakawanda nekuvandudza tekinoroji iyi yakavakirwa paruzivo kunogona kubatsira kugadzirisa mamiriro ekurima kwezvirimwa , kuve nechokwadi chekuti goho rakanaka ukuwo kuchichengetedza nharaunda. Munguva yekukurumidzira shanduko yemamiriro ekunze, kuchinjika uye hunyanzvi mukunzwisisa nekushandisa maitiro efotositiki zvinogona kuva chinhu chakakosha kune ramangwana rinogara kwenguva refu.
