Physics

Kugundana kwa Inelastic

Kusunga lamulo la mphamvu ya kinetic sikugwira ntchito pa ngozi za inelastic. Kusunga lamulo la momentum kumagwira ntchito pa ngozi za inelastic ngati palibe mphamvu yakunja yomwe imagwira ntchito pa zinthu ziwiri zomwe zikugundana. Pa ngozi za inelastic, zinthu ziwiri zimamatirana kapena zimamatirana wina ndi mnzake pambuyo pa ngozi.

Chitsanzo cha funso 1.

Zinthu ziwiri ndi za kulemera komweko, zomwe ndi 1 kg. Chinthu choyamba chimayenda pa ndege yathyathyathya pa liwiro la 10 m/s ndipo chimagundana ndi chinthu chachiwiri chomwe chili pamalo opumulira. Pambuyo pa kugundana, zinthu ziwirizi zimamatirana. Kodi liwiro la zinthu ziwirizi ndi lotani pambuyo pa kugundana?

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Kugundana pang'ono

Mu kugundana pang'ono, lamulo losunga mphamvu ya mphamvu limagwira ntchito, pomwe lamulo losunga mphamvu ya kinetic siligwira ntchito. Pa nthawi yomwe kugundana kumachitika, mphamvu ina ya kinetic imasinthidwa kukhala mphamvu ya mawu, mphamvu ya kutentha, ndi mphamvu yamkati. Kugwiritsa ntchito mawu oti elastic kumasonyeza kuti pambuyo pa kugundana, zinthu ziwirizi sizimamatirana koma zimadumphadumpha.

Chitsanzo cha kugundana pang'ono ndi kugundana kwa mbali imodzi kwa mabulo awiri kapena mipira iwiri ya dziwe.

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Kusunga mphamvu yolunjika

Lamulo losunga mphamvu yolunjika limati ngati palibe mphamvu yakunja yomwe ikugwira ntchito pa zinthu ziwiri zomwe zikugundana, mphamvu ya zinthuzo isanafike kugundana imakhala yofanana ndi mphamvu ya zinthuzo pambuyo pa kugundana.

p ₁ + p ₂ = p ₁ ' + p ₂ ' ………….. Chiyerekezo 1.4

m ₁ v ₁ + m ₂ v ₂ = m ₁ v ₁ ' + m ₂ v ₂ '

Ngati zinthu zonse ziwiri zitagundana,

m ₁ v ₁ + m ₂ v ₂ = (m ₁ + m ₂ ) v'

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Kugundana kosalala bwino

Kugundana kwa zinthu ziwiri kumatchedwa kugongana kosalala bwino ngati mphamvu ya mphamvu ya chinthu chilichonse chisanachitike kugundana ili yofanana ndi mphamvu ya mphamvu ya mphamvu ya chinthu chilichonse chitatha kugundana. Mwanjira ina, kusunga lamulo la mphamvu ya mphamvu ya mphamvu yamagetsi ndi kusunga lamulo la mphamvu yamagetsi zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pa kugongana kosalala bwino. Kugwiritsa ntchito mawu oti elastic kumasonyeza kuti pambuyo pa kugundana, zinthu ziwirizi sizimamatirana kapena sizimalumikizana koma zimadumphadumpha. Mphamvu ya chinthu chilichonse imasungidwa.

Mphamvu ya chinthu chilichonse imasungidwa.

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Mfundo ya mphamvu ya ntchito ndi makina

Chiphunzitso cha mphamvu ya ntchito-kinetic chimanena kuti ntchito ya neti kapena ntchito yochitidwa ndi mphamvu ya neti ndi yofanana ndi kusintha kwa mphamvu ya kinetic.

W _net = TO _t – TO _o = 1⁄2 m(v _t ² – _vo ² )

W _net = Pali mitundu iwiri ya mphamvu, yomwe ndi mphamvu yosunga malamulo, ndi mphamvu yosasunga malamulo. Chifukwa chake, ntchito ya ukonde ingaganizidwe kuti ikuphatikizapo ntchito yochitidwa ndi mphamvu yosunga malamulo ndi ntchito yochitidwa ndi mphamvu yosasunga malamulo.

W _c + W _nc = ΔKE

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Ntchito yochitidwa ndi mphamvu zosungira zinthu zatsopano

Yang'anani chinthu chomwe chimakwera molunjika mmwamba kenako n’kubwerera pamalo ake oyamba chikafika kutalika kwakukulu. Chinthucho chikakwera molunjika mmwamba, kulemera kumagwira ntchito yoyipa pa chinthucho. Chinthucho chikakwera mmwamba, kutalika kwa chinthucho kumawonjezeka. Chifukwa chake, mphamvu yokoka ya chinthucho imawonjezekanso. Titha kunena kuti ntchito yoyipa yochitidwa ndi kulemera ndi yofanana ndi kuwonjezeka kwa mphamvu yokoka ya chinthucho (PE).

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Mphamvu ya Conservative ndi mphamvu yosakhala ya Conservative

1. Gulu la Conservative

1.1 Kulemera (w)

Yang'anani chinthu chomwe chimakwera molunjika mpaka kufika pa msinkhu wapamwamba musanasunthe pansi kupita kumalo ake oyamba. Mukasuntha molunjika mmwamba ndi h, kulemera kumakhala kosiyana ndi kusuntha. Chifukwa chake, kulemerako kumagwira ntchito yotsutsa pa chinthucho. 

W = wh (cos 180 ^o ) = – wh = – mgh

Chikafika kutalika kwakukulu, chinthucho chimatsika pansi kupita ku malo ake oyamba ndi h. Chikatsika pansi, kulemera kumakhala kofanana ndi kusamuka. Chifukwa chakuti chili m'njira yomweyo ndi kusamuka, kulemerako kumagwira ntchito bwino.

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Mfundo ya Mphamvu ya Ntchito ndi Kinetic

Ngati mphamvu ya neti ikugwira ntchito pa chinthu, chinthucho chimapeza kufulumira (chinthucho chimapeza kusuntha). Chinthucho chikapeza kufulumira, liwiro la chinthucho limasintha. Mwa kuyankhula kwina, ntchito yochitidwa ndi mphamvu ya neti imakhudzana ndi liwiro loyamba ndi lomaliza la chinthucho.

Ntchito yochitidwa pa chinthu ndi mphamvu yokhazikika ndi iyi:

W _net = ΣF s

Lamulo lachiwiri la Newton limati ngati pali mphamvu yogwira ntchito pa chinthu, chinthucho chimathamanga.

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Ntchito yochitidwa ndi mphamvu

1.1 Tanthauzo la Ntchito

Ngati muikankhira buku pamwamba pa tebulo mpaka buku litasunthika, mumauzidwa kuti mwagwira ntchito pa bukulo. Ngati chinthu chagwa pansi chifukwa cha kukoka kwa mphamvu yokoka, mphamvu yokoka imanenedwa kuti yagwira ntchito pa chinthucho. M'malo mwake, ngati muikankhira chinthu ndi mphamvu zanu zonse mpaka kutuluka thukuta kwambiri, koma chinthucho sichikusuntha konse, mumanenedwa kuti simunagwire ntchito pa chinthucho. M'moyo watsiku ndi tsiku, anthu anganene kuti mwagwira ntchito molimbika pokankhira chinthucho koma mu Fizikiki, simugwira ntchito pa chinthucho chifukwa palibe kusunthika kwa chinthucho.

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