Zotsutsana pa Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Ochepetsa Kuvutika Maganizo
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo ndi njira yothandiza pochiza matenda osiyanasiyana amisala, monga kuvutika maganizo, matenda a nkhawa, ndi matenda ovutika maganizo. Komabe, si anthu onse omwe ali otetezeka kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwalawa. Monga mankhwala ena aliwonse, mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo ali ndi zotsutsana kapena zinthu zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kugwiritsa ntchito kwawo kukhale koopsa. M'nkhaniyi, tikambirana za zotsutsana zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsira ntchito mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo, kuphatikizapo matenda enaake, kuyanjana kwa mankhwala , ndi anthu enaake omwe tiyenera kuganizira.
1. Matenda Enaake
A. Matenda a Bipolar
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa nkhawa mwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la bipolar kungayambitse matenda amisala. Chifukwa chake, ngati munthu wapezeka ndi vuto la bipolar, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepetsa nkhawa kuyenera kuchitidwa mosamala kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri kumafuna kuyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala. Mankhwala ophatikizana ndi mankhwala oletsa kukhumudwa monga lithiamu kapena mankhwala oletsa kugwedezeka nthawi zambiri amalimbikitsidwa kuti apewe chiopsezochi.
B. Khunyu
Mankhwala ena oletsa kuvutika maganizo, monga bupropion, awonetsedwa kuti amachepetsa chiwerengero cha khunyu. Izi zimaika pachiwopsezo anthu omwe ali ndi mbiri ya khunyu kapena matenda ena a khunyu. Chifukwa chake, ndikofunikira kudziwitsa dokotala wanu za mbiri iliyonse ya khunyu musanayambe chithandizo cha kuvutika maganizo.
Kwa odwala omwe ali ndi matenda a mtima, monga matenda a mtima kapena arrhythmias, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ena oletsa kuvutika maganizo kungaletsedwe. Mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo a tricyclic (TCAs) monga amitriptyline ndi nortriptyline amatha kuipitsa matenda a mtima. Pazifukwa izi, madokotala angakhale osamala kwambiri popereka mankhwala ndikusankha mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo omwe ali ndi mbiri yabwino ya mtima, monga SSRIs (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors).
2. Kuyanjana kwa Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo
Mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo amatha kuyanjana ndi mankhwala ena osiyanasiyana, zomwe zingawonjezere chiopsezo cha zotsatirapo zoyipa kapena kuchepetsa mphamvu ya chithandizo . Zina mwa zinthu zomwe muyenera kudziwa ndi izi:
A. MAOI ndi SSRIs
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa monoamine oxidase (MAOIs) pamodzi ndi SSRI kungayambitse serotonin syndrome, matenda omwe angawopseze moyo omwe ali ndi zizindikiro monga kusakhazikika, kunjenjemera, thukuta kwambiri, kugunda kwa mtima kwambiri, komanso kusintha kwa maganizo. Chifukwa chake, kuphatikiza kumeneku kuyenera kupewedwa, ndipo nthawi yomaliza imafunika posintha kuchokera ku mankhwala ena kupita ku ena.
B. Mankhwala Oletsa Kutsekeka kwa Magazi
Odwala omwe amatenga mankhwala oletsa magazi kuundana monga warfarin ayenera kusamala ndi SSRIs ndi SNRIs, chifukwa mankhwalawa amatha kuwonjezera chiopsezo cha kutuluka magazi. Kuyanjana kumeneku kumachitika chifukwa chakuti mankhwala oletsa ululu amatha kusokoneza kagayidwe ka magazi mkati mwa thupi, motero kutalikitsa nthawi ya prothrombin ndikuwonjezera chiopsezo cha kutuluka magazi m'mimba.
C. Mankhwala Oletsa Kusokonezeka Maganizo
Kuphatikiza mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo ndi mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo, monga risperidone kapena haloperidol, kuyenera kuchitidwa mosamala. Kuphatikiza kumeneku kungapangitse chiopsezo cha zotsatirapo zoyipa monga zizindikiro za extrapyramidal (EPS) ndi neuroleptic malignant syndrome, zomwe zonse zimafuna thandizo lachipatala mwachangu.
3. Zaka ndi Ziwerengero za Anthu
A. Ana ndi Achinyamata
Ngakhale kuti mankhwala ena oletsa kuvutika maganizo, monga fluoxetine, avomerezedwa kuti agwiritsidwe ntchito mwa ana ndi achinyamata, pali chiopsezo chowonjezeka cha malingaliro ofuna kudzipha m'gulu la anthu azaka izi. Chifukwa chake, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo mwa ana ndi achinyamata kuyenera kuchitika moyang'aniridwa ndi dokotala wa matenda amisala wa ana.
B. Okalamba
Mwa okalamba, kagayidwe ka mankhwala ndi kutulutsa kwake nthawi zambiri kumachepa, zomwe zingawonjezere chiopsezo cha zotsatirapo zoyipa . Kuphatikiza apo, okalamba nthawi zambiri amamwa mankhwala ambiri pa matenda ena, zomwe zimawonjezera chiopsezo cha kuyanjana kwa mankhwala. Kusintha mlingo ndi kusankha mankhwala otetezeka oletsa kuvutika maganizo ndi njira zofunika kwambiri pochiza gulu la anthu azaka izi.
C. Azimayi Oyembekezera ndi Oyamwitsa
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo panthawi ya mimba ndi kuyamwitsa kungayambitse mavuto kwa mwana wosabadwayo kapena mwana woyamwitsa. Mwachitsanzo, mankhwala ena oletsa kuvutika maganizo a SSRI agwirizanitsidwa ndi chiopsezo cha matenda a mtima a mwana wosabadwayo akagwiritsidwa ntchito mkati mwa trimester yoyamba. Chifukwa chake, kufunsa dokotala wa ana oyembekezera komanso wamisala ndikofunikira musanasankhe kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo panthawi ya mimba ndi kuyamwitsa.
4. Matenda a Maganizo ndi Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo Molakwika
A. Mbiri ya Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mankhwala Osokoneza Bongo Molakwika
Anthu omwe akhala akugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo, makamaka mitundu ina ya mankhwala osokoneza bongo monga mowa ndi benzodiazepines, ali pachiwopsezo chachikulu chokhala ndi vuto la kuvutika maganizo. Mwachitsanzo, bupropion imadziwika kuti imatha kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala osokoneza bongo mwa anthu ena. Chifukwa chake, kusankha mosamala mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo ndikuwunika mosamala ndikofunikira.
B. Matenda Odya
Kwa anthu omwe ali ndi vuto la kudya monga anorexia nervosa kapena bulimia, kusamala n'kofunika kwambiri mukamagwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo omwe angakhudze chilakolako cha chakudya ndi kulemera, monga mirtazapine. Kuwunika mosamala komanso njira zosiyanasiyana zogwiritsira ntchito dokotala wa matenda amisala ndi katswiri wa zakudya nthawi zambiri zimakhala zofunikira.
Mapeto
Kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo kuyenera kuchitika mosamala komanso kuganizira zinthu zosiyanasiyana zoletsa. Izi zikuphatikizapo matenda enaake, kuyanjana kwa mankhwala, ndi zinthu zokhudzana ndi chikhalidwe cha anthu komanso zamaganizo. Ngakhale kuti mankhwala oletsa kuvutika maganizo angapereke ubwino waukulu pakuwongolera matenda amisala, kudziwa za zoletsa zimenezi n'kofunika kuti muchepetse chiopsezo cha zotsatirapo zake ndikuwonetsetsa kuti chithandizocho chili bwino.
Polimbana ndi mavuto amisala, ndibwino kuti nthawi zonse mukaonane ndi dokotala musanayambe, kusintha, kapena kusiya chithandizo cha kupsinjika maganizo. Ndi njira yokhazikika komanso yosamala yokha yomwe ubwino wa mankhwala ochepetsa kupsinjika maganizo ungakulitsidwe pamene zoopsa zikuchepetsedwa.
