Te Pūnaha Whakamakuku Pai rawa atu mō te Ahuwhenua Tarutaru
Ko te mahi ahuwhenua tarutaru—ahakoa mō ngā kau miraka, kau mīti, koati, hipi rānei—he tino whakawhirinaki ki te wātea o te wai. Ka puhoi te tupu o te tarutaru kāore he wai, ka heke te kounga o te kai, ā, ka tino heke te whakaputanga o te koiora. I tētahi atu taha, ka kino hoki te wai nui, ka puta te pirau pakiaka, ngā mate harore, me te moumou moni. Nō reira, ko te whiriwhiri i te pūnaha whakamakuku tika he mea nui hei whakatau i te angitu o te pakihi ahuwhenua tarutaru. Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga ngā pūnaha whakamakuku pai rawa atu, me pēhea te whiriwhiri i aua pūnaha, me ngā tikanga whakahaere hei whakarite kia rite tonu te hua o te tarutaru puta noa i te wā.
He aha te hiranga o te whakamakuku i roto i te mahi ahuwhenua tarutaru?
Me wai ngā tarutaru kai hei whakapūmau i te whakaahua me te hanganga o ngā kiko rau hou i muri i te tapahi, i te whāngai rānei. I roto i te pūnaha tapahi-ā-ringa, ka tapahia pinepinetia te tarutaru, ka nui ake te hiahia kia tere te ora. I roto i te pūnaha whāngai, ka āwhina te whakamakuku ki te pupuri i te whakaoranga pū me te kiato o te tihi, ka ārai i te tere o te whakangaromanga o te ngahere.
Haunga te pupuri i te hua, ka āwhina anō hoki te whakamakuku i:
1. Whakapūmau i te kounga o te kai (te pūmua mata, te ngāwari ki te nakunaku, me te reka).
2. Whakaitihia te mōrearea o te korenga o te hua nā te roa o te tauraki.
3. Whakaroahia te wā whakato ki ngā wāhi kāore i te ōrite te ua.
4. Ka whakapiki ake i te pai o te whakamomona, nā te mea ka pai ake te mimiti o ngā matūkai ina pai te makuku o te oneone.
Ngā Paearu mō te Pūnaha Whakamakuku "Pai Rawa"
Kāore te kupu "pai rawa" e tohu ana i te mea tino utu nui, i te mea hou rawa rānei. Ko te pūnaha pai rawa atu ko te mea e tino pai ana mō ngā āhuatanga o te pāmu, tae atu ki:
– Ngā pūtake wai: te rerenga wai, te haere tonu, te kounga o te wai (te nui o te paru/te tote).
– Te āhua o te whenua: he papatahi, he piupiu, he pari rānei te āhua.
– Momo oneone: onepu (ka maroke wawe), uku (ka pupuri wai), tāpa rānei.
– Te rahi o te whenua: mai i ngā mano mita ki ngā tekau heketea.
– Te wātea o te pūngao: te hiko pumau, te miihini whakaputa hiko, te hiko rā rānei.
– Te kaha tangata me te taumata o te aunoatanga: ā-ringa, aunoa rānei.
– Ngā utu haumitanga me ngā utu whakahaere: ngā papu, ngā paipa, te tiaki, me te pūngao.
Mā te whakamahi i ēnei paearu, ka taea e tātou te aromatawai i ngā tikanga whakamakuku e whakamahia whānuitia ana mō te ahuwhenua tarutaru.
1) Whakamakuku Pūwero: Te Kōwhiringa Tino Whānui
Ka pupuhihia te wai e te pūwero whakamakuku pērā i te ua hangai. E kiia ana tēnei pūnaha te mea haumaru mō te ahuwhenua tarutaru nā te mea he pai mō ngā momo whenua maha, ā, he ngāwari hoki te tāuta.
Te taikaha:
– He ōrite te tohatoha o te wai mēnā he tika te pēhanga me te hoahoa o te pūwero.
– He pai mō te tarutaru arewhana, te setaria, te brachiaria, te odot, me ngā momo mara whāngai kararehe.
– Ka taea te whakamahi ki runga i te whenua he rerekē ngā kakano me te āhua o te whenua, he māmā ki te āhua waenga.
– Ka taea te whakamomona mā te whakamakuku (whakamomona) i ētahi hoahoa.
Te korenga:
– Ka ngawari ki te ngaronga wai nā te hau me te mimiti (ina koa i ngā rā wera).
– Me whai pēhanga papu motuhake, nō reira ka nui pea te utu hiko/tīhiera.
– Ki te nui te paru i roto i te kounga o te wai, ka ngāwari te aukati i te pūwero.
Ngā momo rerekē noa:
– Pūwero wai kawe (ka taea te nuku i ngā paipa me ngā pūwero wai).
– He paipa pūmau (he paipa pumau).
– Pū nui/pū tauhiuhi pā mō ngā wāhi whānui (me whakamahi te pēhanga teitei).
Mō te nuinga o ngā pāmu tarutaru tauine-waenga, ko ngā tauhiuhi wai kawe te mea pai rawa atu i waenga i te utu me te ngāwari.
2) Whakamakuku maturuturu: Tino whai hua ki te wai, he pai mō te whakainu nui
Mā te whakamakuku maturuturu ka tukuna tika te wai ki te rohe pakiaka mā roto i ngā ngongo me ngā pūwero. Mō ngā tarutaru kai, he nui ake te whakamahinga o te whakamakuku maturuturu i roto i ngā pūnaha whakatipu kaha, i ngā māra whakatipu, i ngā whakaputa kai kounga teitei rānei, ina he mea nui te whai hua o te wai.
Te taikaha:
– He tino pai te whai huatanga o te wai nā te mea he tika te wai ki te ūnga.
– Ka whakaiti i te tupu o te taru i waenga i ngā rarangi (mēnā he tauira whakato rarangi te whakamahi).
– He iti rawa te mate nā te hau me te mimiti, ki te whakatauritea ki ngā pūwero wai.
– He tino pai mō ngā whenua kāore i te nui te wai e wātea ana.
Te korenga:
– He nui ake te utu mō te haumitanga tuatahi (ngā tātari, ngā paipa, ngā kaiwhakaputa hau).
– Me pai te tātari; ka ārai pea te wai paru, te wai onepū rānei.
– I ngā wāhi tarutaru kikī, ka uaua ake te tāutanga me te tiaki, inā koa mēnā ka tapahia pinepinetia.
He pai te whakamakuku maturuturu mō ngā pāmu i ngā wāhi e pāngia ana e te tauraki, i ngā wāhi rānei e nui ana te utu wai me te hiko. Mō te tarutaru kua tapahia kia matotoru te whakatō, ka whai hua pea te whakamakuku maturuturu o raro i te mata, engari me whakahaere kia tupato ake.
3) Whakamakuku Mata (Ngā Awaawa/Ngā Puna Ine): He iti te utu engari me whai whenua pai rawa atu
Ka whakamahia ngā awaawa me te rere o te wai i roto i te whakamakuku mata whenua, pērā i ngā pūnaha awaawa, i te waipuke māmā rānei. He whānuitia te whakamahinga o tēnei tikanga i ngā wāhi he nui te wai, ā, he papatahi te whenua.
Te taikaha:
– He iti te haumitanga tuatahi, inā koa mēnā ka taea e te puna wai te rere mā te kaha ā-papa.
– Kāore e hiahiatia he pēhanga teitei.
– He pai mō ngā wāhi nunui, papatahi.
Te korenga:
– He iti iho te whai huatanga o te wai i ngā pīrere tauhiuhi me ngā maturuturu wai.
– Me whakarite kia pai te whenua kia taurite te tohatoha.
– Te mōrearea o te horo/te pakaru o te hanganga o te oneone mēnā kāore e whakahaeretia te rere.
– He uaua ake te whakakotahi me te whakamomona tōtika.
Mena he papatahi te whenua o te tarutaru, ā, he urunga atu ki ngā awa whakamakuku, he kōwhiringa ōhanga pea te whakamahi i tētahi pūnaha mata whenua, engari me whakarite he waikeri hei ārai i te noho paru roa.
4) Te Whakamakuku Pivot me te Nekehanga Raina: He pai mō te Tauine Nui
Mō ngā pāmu tarutaru nui (tekau ki te rau heketea), ko ngā pūnaha nekehanga pokapū, nekehanga rārangi rānei te paerewa nā te mea ka taea e rātou te whakamakuku i ngā rohe nui me te iti o te mahi.
Te taikaha:
– Aunoa, ōrite, whai hua hoki mō ngā wāhi whānui.
– Te tohatoha wai kua inehia; ka taea te whakakotahi me ngā pūoko me ngā mana whakahaere hou.
– Ka penapena i te mahi ki te whakarite ki te neke ā-ringa i ngā pīrere.
Te korenga:
– He tino nui te haumitanga, ā, me whai hoahoa hangarau anō hoki.
– Me whai whenua tuwhera, me tētahi āhua o te mara (he pai te hurihanga mō ngā mara porowhita).
– Me whakapūmau te tiaki miihini me ngā wāhanga e manawapa ana.
Mena he nui tō pakihi, ā, e hiahia ana koe kia pumau te whakaputanga tarutaru puta noa i te tau, ko ngā pivot te mea "pai rawa atu" ina whakaarohia te hua me te whai hua o te mahi.
Ngā Tikanga Whakahaere mō te Whakamakuku Whai Hua
Kāore e ranea te whiriwhiri i te pūnaha tika. Ko ngā hua pai rawa atu ka puta mai i te whakatakoto i te kaupapa tika me te nui o te wai.
1. Te whakamakuku i te ata, i te ahiahi rānei
Whakaitihia te mimiti me te whakapiki i te whai huatanga. Kaua e whakamakuku i te wā e kaha ana te hau.
2. Whakarerekētia ki te momo oneone
Me nui ake te whakamakuku i te oneone onepu, engari me iti ake te nui. Me iti ake te whakamakuku i te oneone paru, engari me nui ake te whakamakuku.
3. Whakamahia ngā tohu, ngā pūoko rānei māmā
Mena kāore anō kia whai pūoko makuku oneone koe, ka taea e koe te whakamahi i te tikanga tirotiro: tirohia te makuku i te hohonutanga o te pakiaka. I roto i ngā pūnaha hou, ka taea e te ine tensiometer, te pūoko makuku oneone rānei te whakatau tika ake.
4. Kia pai te rerenga wai
Kāore te tarutaru e pai kia roa rawa te ruku o ōna pakiaka ki raro i te wai. Mā ngā awaawa iti me ngā pari iti ka taea te whakaora i te tarutaru i te wā ua nui.
5. Puritia te tātari me te pūwero
Mā te aukati iti nei ka kore e ōrite te tohatoha o te wai, ka maroke ētahi wāhi, ka paru ētahi.
6. Whakauruhia ki te whakamomona
I muri i te tapahi, ka pai te urupare a te tarutaru ki te wai me te hauota. Mā te whakamakuku tika ka whai hua ake te whakamomona, ka tere ake te whakaora i te tihi o te tarutaru.
Nā, ko tēhea te pūnaha whakamakuku pai rawa atu?
I te nuinga o te wā:
– Iti-waenga te rahi, he ngāwari hoki: ko ngā pūweru wai kawe, ko ngā pūweru wai pumau rānei te kōwhiringa pai rawa atu nā te mea e taurite ana te utu me te watea.
– He iti te rohe wai, ā, e hiahia ana kia penapena rawa: he tino pai te whakamakuku maturuturu mō te whai hua me te whakahaere i te wai.
– Whenua papatahi, wai nui, me ngā utu iti: he pai te whakamakuku o te mata whenua mena he pai te rerenga wai me te whakataurite.
– He tauine nui, ā, e hiahiatia ana he aunoatanga: ko te nekehanga waenga/raina te kōwhiringa tino whai hua.
Hei whakamutunga, ko te pūnaha whakamakuku pai rawa atu mō tō wāhi kai ko te mea e tino pai ana ki tō puna wai, ki tō momo whenua, ki tō tauine pakihi, me ō āheinga whakahaere. Mā te hoahoa tika, me te wā whakamakuku auau, me te tiaki auau, ehara i te mea ka noho matomato noa tō tarutaru i te whakamakuku engari he haumitanga anō hoki e whakanui ana i te whakaputanga kai, e whakau ana i tō pakihi kararehe, e whakaiti ana hoki i ngā mōrearea i te wā e kore e taea te matapae i te rangi. Mō ngā hua tika ake, ko te mahi e whai ake nei ko te tatau i ō hiahia wai i runga i te horahanga o tō whenua, te momo tarutaru, me ngā āhuatanga o te wā o te rohe—kia nui ai te pānga o ia rita wai ki te tipu o ngā kai.
