Hangarau Hanga Aihikirīmi me te Miraka
Pendahuluan
Kei te piki haere te rongonui o te aihikirīmi me ngā momo kai reka miraka pērā i te gelato, te soft serve, te miraka tio, te panna cotta, te mousse, me te pūtini miraka nā te mea he huinga reka, he kakano maeneene, he kare makariri, he kirimi rānei e pai ana ki te tini o te tangata. Kei muri i tēnei reka he raupapa o ngā mea hangarau whakaputa Ko te whāinga o tēnei hangarau he whakarite kia rite te kounga o ngā hua ki te kare ā-roto, kia haumaru hoki mō te kai, kia pumau i te wā e rongoatia ana, ā, kia taea ai te whakaputa whai hua i roto i te tauine whare me te tauine ahumahi.
E matapakihia ana i roto i tēnei tuhinga ngā kai, ngā tukanga, ngā taputapu, me ngā āhuatanga kounga me te haumaru i roto i te hangarau hanga aihikirīmi me te miraka mō ngā kai reka.
Rauemi mata Ngā Mahi Matua me ngā Mahi
Te hanga i ngā kai reka aihikirīmi me te miraka mai i te kōwhiringa o ngā rauemi mata. Ko ngā wāhanga matua ko te miraka wai, te kirīmi, paura miraka, huka, whakau, emulsifier, me te kakara.
1. Miraka me te kirīmi: Ka whai wāhi ki te ngako miraka, te pūmua, te lactose, ngā kohuke, me te reka motuhake o te miraka. He mea nui te ngako ki te hanga i te kakano me te tinana kirīmi o te aihikirīmi/gelato, me te kawe hoki i ngā matū kakara.
2. Huka (sucrose, glucose, dextrose): Ka whakarato i te reka, ka whakaiti i te pūwāhi tio (ka ārai i te whakapakeketanga o te huka), ā, ka pā ki te matotoru. He maha ngā wā ka whakamahia ngā huinga o ngā momo huka hei whakahaere i te ngāwari o te koko me te pumau.
3. Paura miraka ngako-kore: Ka whakanui ake i te nui o te miraka totoka (ngā miraka totoka kore-ngako), ka whakapai ake i te tinana me te kakano, ā, ka āwhina ki te pupuri i te wai kia iti ake ai ngā tioata huka.
4. Ngā Kaiwhakaū: Hei tauira, te carrageenan, te guar gum, te xanthan gum, te CMC rānei. Ko tā rātou mahi he here i te wai, he whakaiti i te hanganga o ngā tioata huka nui, me te whakaroa i te rewa.
5. Ngā Kaiwhakarewa: Pēnei i te mono- me te diglycerides, te lecithin rānei. Ka āwhina rātou ki te hanga i ngā whakarewa ngako-wai pumau, ā, ka tautoko i te hanganga hau (kapi rawa) i roto i te aihikirīmi.
6. Ngā Kai Tāpiri: Tiakarete, whakapiri hua, vanilla, nati, pihikete, ranu rānei. I roto i ngā kai reka miraka pērā i te panna cotta, he mea nui anō hoki ngā mea whakakī wai, te gelatin rānei.
Ko te mea nui ki te hangarau whakatakotoranga ko te whakahaere i te toenga o te ngako, te huka, ngā mea totoka katoa, me te wai, nā te mea ko tēnei toenga te mea e whakatau ana i te kakano whakamutunga.
Ngā Wāhanga Tukanga Hanga Aikurīmi
Secara umum, hangarau hanga aihikirīmi Kei roto i te ahumahi ngā wāhanga e whai ake nei: te hanganga, te whakaranu, te whakamātao, te whakakotahitanga, te pakeketanga, te whakatio hihiri, te tāpiri i ngā mea whakauru, te takai, te whakapakeketanga, me te rokiroki tio.
1. Te Hanga me te Taumaha
Ka whakatauhia ngā whakatakotoranga i runga i ngā āhuatanga o te hua e hiahiatia ana: he nui ake te ngako o te aihikirīmi kounga teitei, ko te gelato ia he iti ake te ngako engari he nui ake te miraka totoka katoa, ā, ka tukuna i ngā pāmahana mahana ake. He mea nui te pauna tika nā te mea ka taea e ngā panoni iti o te whakaū, te huka rānei te whakarerekē nui i te kakano.
2. Whakaranu
Ka whakaranua ngā kai maroke kia kore ai e piri ina uru ki te āhua wai. I roto i te ahumahi, ka whakamahia ngā tāke whakaoho me ngā pūnaha whakamahana whakahaere hei whakaranu. Ko te whāinga he whakarewa i te huka, he whakamarara i ngā pūmua miraka me ngā mea whakau, ā, he hanga i te ranunga ōrite.
3. Te Whakamātautau
Ko te whāinga o te whakamātao he patu i ngā moroiti mate me te whakaiti i te maha o ngā moroiti. Ko ngā tikanga noa ko:
– Te whakamātao puranga: te whakamahana i tētahi pāmahana mō te wā roa.
– HTST (Teitei te Mahana Poto): he nui ake te whakamahana i roto i te wā poto, he pai mō te tauine nui.
Haunga te haumaru, ka āwhina te whakamātaotanga ki te whakamakuku i ngā pūmua me ētahi mea whakau, ā, ka whakapai ake i te matotoru me te kakano.
4. Te Whakaōrite
Ka mahia te whakakotahitanga i raro i te pēhanga teitei hei whakaiti i ngā poro ngako. Mā te ngako angiangi ka puta he emulsion pumau ake, he kakano maeneene ake, ā, he kirimi ake te ahua o te waha. Ka āwhina hoki tēnei tukanga ki te tohatoha i te ngako kia ōrite, ka whakaiti i te tūponotanga o te pata (wehenga ngako) i roto i ētahi hua.
5. Te pakeketanga (Te maoa o te paraoa pokepoke)
I muri i te whakamātao me te whakaranu, ka tere te whakamatao i te ranunga, kātahi ka rongoatia ki te pāmahana matao mō ētahi haora. I tēnei wā:
– te ngako kua whakatiotia ā-wāhanga,
– he nui ake te makuku o ngā pūmua me ngā mea whakaū,
– ka piki ake te matotoru,
Ka whai wāhi katoa ēnei ki te kaha o te ranunga ki te pupuri i te hau, me te hanga i tētahi hanganga aihikirīmi pumau i te wā e tio ana.
6. Te Whakatio me te Whakanuia Hihiri
Ka puta te tio hihiri i roto i te pouaka tio e whakaohooho ana i te wā e whakamatao ana. Ka hangaia e tēnei tukanga he tioata hukapapa iti, ā, ka whakaurua te hau ki roto i te hua. Ko te nui o te hau e whakaurua ana ka kiia ko te "overrun". Ka pā te "overrun" ki te mātotoru, te ngawari, me te tirohanga reka. Ka taea e te hua mēnā he nui rawa te "overrun" te reka, engari mēnā he iti rawa te "overrun" ka taea te ahua taumaha, he kikī hoki.
7. Te Tāpiri i ngā Whakaurunga
Ko ngā wahi tiakarete, hua rākau, nati, momo ranu rānei (ranu/ripeka) ka tāpirihia i muri i te whakatio hihiri hei ārai i te memeha me te whakarite kia ōrite te tohatoha. Mā te hangarau whāngai, te hangarau ine rānei ka āwhina i te tika o te tāpiri.
8. Te Tākai me te Whakamārō
Ko te hua e puta ana i te pouaka tio hihiri kei te āhua tio tonu. Kātahi ka whakapakeketia te aihikirīmi i ngā pāmahana tino iti hei whakatere i te tio o te wai, hei ārai hoki i te whakanui o ngā tioata tio. Mā te whakapakeketanga tika ka puta he kakano maeneene, pumau hoki puta noa i te mekameka makariri.
Hangarau Mīti Reka Miraka: Mai i te Pūtini ki te Mīti Reka Hukapapa
Kāore ngā kai reka miraka e whakatio tonutia pērā i te aihikirīmi. Heoi, ko te kaupapa matua he rite tonu: te whakahaere i te hanganga o te pūmua, te ngako, te wai, me te huka kia whiwhi ai i te kakano e hiahiatia ana.
1. Pūtini Miraka me te Katā
I roto i ngā pūtini miraka, ka tutuki te kakano mā te whakakorikori i te māngaro (hei tauira, te kānga witi) mā te whakapūmau rānei i ngā pūmua hua manu i roto i ngā kāteti. He mea nui te whakahaere i te pāmahana: mā te wera rawa ka pakaru te ranunga, ka kōpikopiko, ka puta rānei he reka kua maoa rawa.
2. Panna Cotta
Ko te Panna cotta e whakawhirinaki ana ki te hanganga o te whatunga tiēre (ko te tikanga he gelatin). Ko te ōwehenga o te gelatin te mea e whakatau ana i tōna pakari. Ko te tukanga ko te whakamahana i te kirīmi/miraka ki te huka, te whakarewa i te gelatin kua whakamakukuhia, kātahi ka whakamatao haere kia hanga he hanganga tiēre ōrite me te kore e "tangi" (he wai e puta).
3. Mousse me te Mīti Reka Whiu
Ka whakamahia e te mousse miraka/kirīmi te hau mai i te tukanga whiu. Ka pāngia te pumau o te pahuka e te ngako, te pūmua, te huka, me te pāmahana. He pai ake te whiu i te wā makariri nā te mea ka āwhina te ngako ki te hanga i tētahi hanganga e pupuri ana i te hau.
4. Miraka Hukapapa
Ka whakapūpūtia te miraka tio e ngā huakita waikawa lactic. Ko ngā hangarau matua ko:
– te whakapūkara whakahaeretia hei whakatutuki i te waikawa me te reka,
– he huka/whakapūmau hei pupuri i te kakano kirīmi,
– te hukapapa pērā i te aihikirīmi, me te nui haere o te huka.
Te Kounga me te Haumaru o te Kai
Hangarau whakaputa Me tutuki i te kounga pai ngā paerewa haumaru me te kounga. Ko ngā mea tino nui e whai ake nei:
- kounga miraka hou (kāore he poke, kei te mau tonu te mekameka makariri),
– te whakamātao tika,
– te horoi i ngā taputapu (CIP—kei te wātea te horoi i roto i ngā ahumahi),
– te ārai i te whakawhiti-paru i muri i te whakamātao,
– te whakahaere pāmahana rokiroki me te tohatoha (mekameka makariri).
Ko ngā tawhā kounga tairongo e arotakengia pinepinetia ana ko te rahi o te tioata huka, te ngawari, te taumata rewa, te kakara o te miraka, me te pumau i te wā e rongoa ana.
Taputapu Whakaputa: Mai i ngā Pakihi iti me ngā Pakihi iti ki te Tauine Ahumahi
I runga i te tauine iti, ka taea te whakahaere i te whakaputanga mā te whakamahi i ngā paraharaha whakamahana, ngā inemahana, ngā mīhini whakaranu/whakaranu, me ngā mīhini aihikirīmi papa kaunta. I runga i te tauine waenga me te tauine ahumahi, ka whakamahia ngā pūnaha tāke whakamahana kua hipokina, ngā mīhini whakamātao, ngā mīhini whakaranu, ngā pouaka tio tonu, ngā kauhanga whakapakeke, me te rokiroki matao. Ko te haumitanga taputapu e hangai ana ki ngā whakaritenga kaha, te ōritetanga kounga, me te whai huatanga o te pūngao.
Ngā Auahatanga Hangarau me te Auahatanga
Kei te tipu tonu te umanga aihikirīmi me te miraka reka, hei tauira mā roto i:
– te whakamahi i ngā momo reka rerekē me te whakaiti i te huka,
– ngā hua nui te pūmua, iti te ngako rānei, he kakano kirīmi,
– he mea whakaū i runga i te muka taiao,
– te hangarau tio tere mō ngā tioata hukapapa angiangi,
– te whakawhanake i ngā reka o te rohe me ngā whakaurunga auaha ake.
Kei te puta hoki te auahatanga i roto i te rāngai oranga tonutanga, tae atu ki te whai huatanga o te pūngao i roto i ngā pūnaha whakamatao me ngā takai e pai ake ana ki te taiao.
Te Katinga
Ko te hangarau hanga aihikirīmi me te miraka reka e whakakotahi ana i te pūtaiao kai, te tukatuka wera, ngā tikanga whakamomona, me te whakahaere tio. Ehara i te mea ko te tunu anake te mea e whakatau ana i te angitu o te hua engari ko te tika o ngā wāhanga pēnei i te whakamomona, te whakaōrite, te pakeketanga, te tio, me te whakapakeketanga. Mō ngā miraka reka kāore i tio, ko te whakahaere i te tiēre, te pahuka, me te whakapūmau pūmua he mea nui. te whakamahinga o te hangarau Mā te whakahaere tika me te aro ki te haumaru kai, ka taea e ngā kaihanga te whakaputa i ngā aihikirīmi me ngā mīti miraka kounga teitei, he rite tonu, he reka, he haumaru hoki mō ngā kaihoko.
