Te Whai Huatanga o ngā Tikanga Hī Ika Tauwhiro
Ko te hī ika tauwhiro he huarahi e aro nui ana ki ngā hopunga o nāianei, tae atu ki te tiaki i ngā taupori ika me ngā rauropi moana mō ngā whakatipuranga o muri mai. Ko ngā tikanga hī ika tauwhiro e aro nui ana ki te taurite i waenga i ngā hiahia ōhanga, pāpori, me te taiao. Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga te whai huatanga o ngā tikanga hī ika tauwhiro, ngā āhuatanga e pā ana ki a rātou, me ngā tauira o ngā kaupapa kua whakatinanahia angitu puta noa i te ao.
Te Whakamāramatanga o te Hī ika Tauwhiro
Ko te hī ika tauwhiro e whakamāramahia ana ko ngā mahi hī ika e pupuri ana i ngā taupori moana me ngā rauropi hauora mō te wā roa. Kei roto i tēnei ko te aroturuki tata i te maha o ngā ika e mau ana, ngā momo taputapu hī ika e whakamahia ana, me te tiaki i ngā nohanga moana nui.
Ngā Take Whai Hua
Ko te whai huatanga o ngā tikanga hī ika tauwhiro e whakawhirinaki ana ki ētahi āhuatanga matua:
1. Ngā Ture me ngā Kaupapa Here Kaha: Me whakatinana e te kāwanatanga ngā ture tino kaha e whakahaere ana i ngā rahinga hopu ika, te iti rawa o te rahi ika ka taea te hopu, me ngā wā hī ika motuhake hei tiaki i ngā momo i te wā whakaputa uri.
2. Te Whakamahinga o ngā Hangarau Matatau: Mā ngā hangarau hou, pērā i te sonar me te GPS, ka taea e ngā kaihao ika te arotahi ki ngā momo ika motuhake me te whai hua ake, ka whakaiti i ngā haonga kāore e hiahiatia ka kino pea ki ngā pūnaha rauropi moana.
3. Mātauranga me te Mōhiotanga: Ko te whakaako i ngā kaihao ika mō te hiranga o ngā mahi tauwhiro me te whakangungu i ngā tikanga e pai ana ki te taiao te mea nui ki te angitu mō te wā roa.
4. Te Mahi Tahi ā-Ao: He maha ngā momo ika e heke ana i ngā rohe o te motu, ā, he mea nui te mahi tahi ā-ao mō te whakahaere whai hua. He mahi nui tā ngā whakahaere pēnei i ngā Whakahaere Whakahaere Ika ā-Rohe (RFMO) i tēnei kaupapa.
Ngā Tauira o ngā Tikanga Hī Ika Tauwhiro Whai Hua
1. Ngā Wāhi Tiaki Moana (MPA)
He wāhi tiaki moana ngā MPA, ā, he rohe kei reira ngā mahi hī ika e herea ana, e āraia ana rānei. Ka āwhina ēnei MPA ki te pupuri i te kanorau koiora o te moana me te hauora o ngā taupori ika. Hei tauira, kua angitu te Great Barrier Reef Marine Park i Ahitereiria ki te pupuri i tētahi pūnaha rauropi moana hauora mā roto i ngā ture tino pakari.
2. Te whakamahi i ngā taputapu hī ika e pai ana mō te taiao
Mā te whakamahi i ngā taputapu hī ika e pai ana ki te taiao, pērā i ngā kupenga kua tapaina ko ngā Pūrere Ārai Honu (TED) hei āwhina i te whakaiti i te maha o ngā honu ka mau pōrearea, mā te porowhita rānei i ngā kupenga he nui ake ngā kōhao hei tuku i ngā ika ririki kia mawhiti, ka āwhina i te whakaiti i te pānga kino ki ngā nohanga moana.
3. Ngā Pūtea me ngā Hea Hopu
Mā ngā pūnaha tohatoha rauemi me te tohatoha i ngā ika ka taea te whakarite me te pumau i waenga i ngā kaihao ika. Mā tēnei ka ārai i te hī ika nui rawa, ā, ka taea hoki te whakaora i ngā taupori ika. Ko Aotearoa tētahi tauira o tētahi whenua kua angitu ki te whakatinana i tētahi pūnaha whakahaere tohatoha (QMS) e whakahaere ana i te nui o ngā ika ka taea te hopu.
4. Te Ahuwhenua Waiora Tauwhiro
Ko te mahi pāmu ika tauwhiro, te whakatipu ika rānei, he otinga hei whakaiti i te pēhanga mai i te hī ika mohoao. Kei roto i tēnei tikanga te whakamahinga o ngā kai e pai ana ki te taiao, te whakahaere para tika, me te whiriwhiri i ngā momo kāore e kino ki ngā rauropi o te rohe.
5. Te Whakamana i ngā Hapori ā-Rohe
Mā te whakauru i ngā hapori o te rohe ki te whakahaere rauemi moana ka pumau te oranga tonutanga mō te wā roa. Kua whakaatuhia e ngā kaupapa whakahaere tahi i roto i ētahi whenua whakawhanake, ina whakamanahia ngā kaihao ika o te rohe, ā, ka whakawhiwhia ki te kawenga mō te whakahaere rauemi, ka nui ake te tūponotanga ka whakamahia ngā tikanga oranga tonutanga.
Angitu Hī ika Tauwhiro
Ka taea te ine i te angitu o ngā tikanga hī ika tauwhiro mā roto i ētahi tohu, tae atu ki te nui o ngā ika, te pikinga o te kanorau koiora o te moana, me te oranga ōhanga o ngā hapori hī ika. Kei raro nei ētahi rangahau take e whakaatu ana i te angitu o te whakatinanatanga o ngā tikanga hī ika tauwhiro.
1. Nōwei
Kua roa a Nōwei e mōhiotia ana hei kaiārahi i roto i ngā mahi hī ika tauwhiro, e whakatinana ana i ngā ture pakari me ngā hangarau matatau hei whakarite i te tauwhirotanga o te moana. Mā te whakamahi i ngā pūnaha aroturuki amiorangi me ngā tirotiro pakari, kua angitu a Nōwei ki te pupuri i ngā momo ika hauora me te pumau.
2. Pārau
Kua whakatūria e te Repupiripia o Palau o te Moana-nui-a-Kiwa tētahi tauira mō te tiaki i te moana mā te whakapuaki i te 80% o tōna Rohe Ōhanga Motuhake hei rohe tiaki moana. He taahiraa nui tēnei ki te tiaki i tōna pūnaha rauropi moana whai rawa, me te whakarite i ngā ika pumau mō ngā rā kei te heke mai.
3. Pāniora
Mā te Kaupapa Here Hī Ika Whānui a te EU, kua whakatinanahia e Pāniora ngā rohenga tino pakari me ngā ture hī ika maha hei ārai i te hī ika nui rawa i roto i ōna wai. Nā reira, he maha ngā momo ika i mōrearea i mua kei te whakaatu i ngā tohu o te whakaoranga.
Ngā Wero me ngā Otinga
Ahakoa ngā angitu maha, kei te mau tonu ngā wero ki ngā mahi hī ika tauwhiro. Kei roto i ēnei ko te ātete a ngā kaihao ika e whakatairanga ana i ngā hua poto, tae atu ki ngā āhuatanga tōrangapū kāore i te pumau. Hei whakatika i ēnei wero, kua tūtohutia ēnei mahi:
1. Te Whakatinanatanga Ture Kaha Ake: Te whakatinanatanga pai ake o ngā ture me te whakatinanatanga ture pakari ake hei whakatika i ngā mahi ture kore me te hī ika nui rawa.
2. Ngā Whakatenatena Ōhanga: Whakaratohia he whakatenatena ōhanga mō ngā kaihao ika e piri ana ki ngā tikanga tauwhiro, pērā i te tautoko pūtea, te āwhina hangarau rānei.
3. Rangahau me te Aroturuki Tonu: Hangaia he haumi ki te rangahau pūtaiao me te aroturuki tonu kia mārama ai ki ngā whanaketanga o ngā rauropi moana, kia pai ake ai hoki te hanga rautaki whakahaere.
4. Te Mahi Ngātahi ā-Motu: Te whakapakari i te mahi tahi i waenga i ngā whenua ki te whakahaere i ngā rauemi moana whakawhiti-rohe.
Whakamutunga
Ehara i te mea he kōwhiringa noa te hī ika tauwhiro, engari he mea nui hei tiaki i ngā rauropi moana me te oranga o te hunga e whakawhirinaki ana ki a rātou. Mā te whakamahi i ngā tikanga e pai ana ki te taiao, ngā ture tino pakari, te mātauranga whānui, me te mahi tahi o te ao, ka taea e tātou te whakatutuki i te taurite i waenga i te hī ika hua me te tiakitanga mō te wā roa. Kua whakamātauhia te whai huatanga o ngā tikanga hī ika tauwhiro i roto i ngā whenua maha, e whakarato ana i tētahi tauira mārama o te kaha o ngā mahi tahi ki te whakaputa hua pumau mō ngā reanga kei te heke mai.
