Ngā taputapu hī ika hou me ngā taputapu hī ika tuku iho
E mōhiotia ana a Initonīhia hei whenua moana, he roa te takutai moana, ā, he nui hoki ngā rauemi hī ika. Mai i Sabang ki Merauke, he wāhanga nui te hī ika o te oranga o ngā hapori takutai moana, he oranga matua, he pou hoki mō te ōhanga o te rohe. I roto i te wā, kua whanake haere ngā taputapu hī ika, mai i ngā taputapu māmā e ahu mai ana i te mātauranga o te rohe ki ngā hangarau hou e whakamahi ana i ngā mīhini, ngā rauemi matatau, me ngā pūnaha whakatere. Ka matapakihia e tēnei tuhinga ngā momo taputapu hī ika tuku iho me ngā taputapu hī ika hou, ō rātou painga me ō rātou ngoikoretanga, me te hiranga o te whakamahi taputapu hī ika tika.
Te whakamāramatanga o ngā taputapu hī ika
Ko ngā taputapu hī ika he taputapu e whakamahia ana hei hopu ika, hei hopu rānei i ētahi atu mea ora o te moana, ahakoa i te moana, i ngā awa, i ngā roto, i ngā roto rānei. Ko te whiriwhiri i ngā taputapu hī ika ka pāngia e te ika e hiahiatia ana, ngā āhuatanga o te wai, te wā, te hohonu, me ngā āheinga ōhanga o te kaihao ika. I te nuinga o te wā, ka taea te whakarōpū i ngā taputapu hī ika hei mea tuku iho me hei mea hou. Ko ngā taputapu tuku iho he mea māmā noa iho, he mea hanga mai i ngā rauemi o te rohe, ā, e whakamahia ana ngā pūkenga tuku iho. He uaua ake ngā taputapu hou, he maha ngā wā e hiahiatia ana he pūtea nui, te tautoko i ngā waka motuka, me te hangarau tautoko.
Ngā taputapu hī ika tuku iho
Kua roa ngā taputapu hī ika tuku iho e whakamahia ana, ā, kei te whakamahia whānuitia tonutia i ēnei rā, inā koa e ngā kaihao ika iti. Ko ōna painga matua ko te iti o te utu, te ngāwari o te whakahaere, ā, i ētahi wā, he pai ake te taiao nā te iti o ngā hopunga me te nui ake o te whiriwhiri i ngā hī ika.
1. He tokotoko hī ika (aho ringaringa) me te matau
Ko ngā tokotoko hī ika tētahi o ngā taputapu tuku iho tino rongonui. Ka whakamahia e ngā kaihao ika ngā aho hī ika, ngā matau, me ngā mōunu hei hopu ika pērā i te tuna, te kūmara, te tāmure, te makare rānei. wai māoriHe tino whiriwhiri ngā matiti hī ika nā te mea ka taea e ngā kaihao ika te whai i ngā rahi me ngā momo ika motuhake. turanga wai Ko te ngoikoretanga, kāore te ika i te rahi pērā i ngā kupenga, ā, he tino whakawhirinaki ki te pūkenga me ngā āhuatanga o te rangi.
2. Ngā mahanga me ngā mahanga
He mahanga ika he mea whatu ki te pāpaka, ki te rātana, ki te waea rānei, e whakatakotoria ana ki raro i te wai. He whānuitia te whakamahinga hei hopu pāpaka, pāpaka kaukau, ika toka, tuna rānei. Ka kukume te pūnaha i ngā ika ki roto i te mahanga mā roto i tētahi hāneanea, ā, ka uaua ki a rātou te mawhiti. Ko te painga o te mahanga ika he taea te whakatakoto, kātahi ka waiho mō ētahi hāora, mō ngā rā rānei (kāore i te mahi), ā, he tino whiriwhiri. Ko te wero ko te mōrearea o te "hī ika wairua" mēnā ka ngaro te mahanga, ā, ka mau tonu ngā ika, nō reira he maha ngā mahi pai e taunaki ana kia whakamahia ngā rauemi pirau-koiora, ngā papa mawhiti rānei.
3. Kupenga hī ika māmā
Ko ngā kupenga tārai tuku iho ka whakatakotoria ki te taha o te takutai, ki ngā wai pāpaku rānei. Ka mau ngā ika ki roto i te mata o ngā kupenga, i runga i te rahi o te mata. Ka whiriwhiria e ngā kaihao ika te rahi o te mata hei arotahi ki ngā ika motuhake, pērā i te mīraka mohoao, te makarera, ngā ika iti rānei o te moana. Ki te kore e whakahaeretia tika, ka taea e ngā kupenga tārai te hopu i ngā mea taitamariki, i ngā momo kāore i te arotahihia. Heoi, i runga i te tauine iti me te rahi tika, ka taea te whakahaere i te pānga.
4. Ngā tao, ngā pere ika, me ngā koko
I ētahi wāhi, ka whakamahia ngā tao, ngā pere hī ika rānei i ngā wai pāpaku, inā koa i te tai timu, i ngā awa rānei. He mea noa hoki ngā koko, ngā matau rānei hei hopu ika ririki, kōura, ika rānei. He nui te whakawhirinaki o ēnei taputapu ki te tirohanga me te pūkenga, nō reira he iti noa iho ngā hopunga, ā, he whiriwhiri noa iho.
5. Kupenga maka
Ka makahia ngā kupenga ki roto i te porowhita, ka karapoti i tētahi wāhi motuhake, ā, ka hopukina ngā ika ina kumea ki muri. He rongonui tēnei taputapu i ngā awa, i ngā awaawa, me ngā wai pāpaku. He iti te utu, ā, he pai hoki mō te kohikohi ika. Heoi, he nui te pānga o tōna whai huatanga ki te tikanga maka me ngā āhuatanga o nāianei.
Ngā taputapu hī ika hou
Ko te whakahounga o ngā mahi hī ika e akiakihia ana e te hiahia ki te whakanui ake i te whakaputanga, te whakawhānui ake i te whānuitanga o ngā mahi, me te whakapai ake i te whai huatanga o te mahi. He maha ngā wā ka honoa ngā taputapu hou ki ngā waka miihini, ki te pouaka whakamātao, me ngā taputapu whakatere kia roa ake ai te tawhiti hī ika.
1. He putunga putea
Ka whakamahia ngā hiwi putea hei hopu i ngā ika kuraina pēnei i te sardine, te lemuru, me te tuna. Ka takai te kupenga ki te kuraina o ngā ika, kātahi ka tōia ki raro pērā i te "aho putea" hei hopu i ngā ika. Ko ngā painga he nui ngā hua me te tino whai hua. Ko te wero, ki te kore e whakahaerehia ngā mahi i runga i ngā ture, ka piki ake te pēhanga hī ika, ā, ka tūpono te hopu i ngā ika iti.
2. Kupenga tō (he tautohenga)
Ko ngā kupenga tō he kupenga e tōia ana e ngā kaipuke, ka taea te tō ki raro, ki roto rānei i te pou wai. I roto i te maha o ngā whenua, tae atu ki Initonīhia, kua herea, kua āraia rānei ētahi momo tō i ētahi wāhi nā te mea ka taea e rātou te kino i ngā nohoanga o raro, te hopu i te nui o ngā rauropi kāore i te whainga (hopu-ā-ringa), me te whakararuraru i ngā rauropi. Ahakoa te nui o te hua, me tino tirotirohia, me whakahaere ngā tō, me whakawhanake i ngā huarahi kē atu e pai ake ana ki te taiao.
3. Taura roa hou
Ko te aho roa he aho matua roa me ngā manga maha kei roto ngā matau, e whakamahia ana hei hopu i te tuna, te mārini, ētahi ika raro rānei. Ko ngā momo aho roa hou he mea whakarite ki ngā pōtae, ngā taumaha, me ngā tohu GPS. Ko ōna painga ko te whānuitanga o te toro atu me te aro ki ngā momo ika nui te uara. Heoi, kei reira te mōrearea o te hopu taha, pērā i te honu, te manu moana, me te mango, nō reira ka akiakihia e ngā mahi hou te whakamahinga o ngā matau porowhita, ngā taputapu ārai manu, me ngā tikanga hī ika e whakaiti ana i te taunekeneke ki ngā kararehe e tiakina ana.
4. Ngā āwhina hangarau: sonar, te kimi ika, me te GPS
Nā ngā taputapu hī ika hou kua piki haere te whai huatanga o te hī ika. Mā ngā taputapu kimi ika me te sonar ka taea te kimi i ngā rōpū ika me ngā hanganga o te papa moana, ā, mā te GPS ka taea te whakatere me te kimi. I te honoa ki ngā whakawhitiwhiti kōrero reo irirangi me ngā matapae huarere, kua pai ake te haumaru i te moana. Heoi, ka taea e tēnei hangarau te whakanui ake i te pēhanga ki ngā momo ika mena kāore e haere tahi me ngā here hopu me te whakahaere i ngā quota.
5. Ngā taputapu kohikohi ika hou (FAD)
Ko ngā taputapu kohikohi ika (FAD) he hanganga pōturi, he punga rānei e kukume ana i ngā ika kia huihui. Ka taea te whakamahi i ngā FAD hou ki ngā pōito kaha, ki ngā whakaata, tae atu ki ngā tohu hiko. Ka āwhina ngā FAD i ngā kaihao ika ki te penapena wā ki te rapu ika, inā koa ko te tuna me ētahi atu ika o te moana. I tētahi atu taha, ko te whakatakotoranga matotoru rawa o ngā FAD ka taea te whakarerekē i ngā tauira hekenga ika, te whakanui ake i ngā hopunga taitamariki, me te whakaoho i ngā pakanga ā-wāhi i waenga i ngā kaihao ika mēnā kāore e whakahaerea tika.
Te whakataurite i ngā mea hou me ngā mea tuku iho
Ko ngā rerekētanga matua i waenga i ngā taputapu tuku iho me ngā taputapu hou kei roto i te tauine, te utu, me te pānga. Ko ngā taputapu tuku iho he iti ake te utu, he iti ake ngā hua e puta mai ana, engari he kaha ki te whiriwhiri me te atawhai i te taiao. Ka taea e ngā taputapu hou te whakaputa i ngā hopunga nui me te whai hua, engari he nui te utu whakapaipai me te wahie e hiahiatia ana, ā, ka tūpono te piki haere o te hī ika nui rawa mēnā kāore e whakahaeretia. Nō reira, ko te mea nui ehara i te mea hou, i te mea tuku iho rānei, engari ko te "kawenga" me te tutuki i ngā ture.
Te hiranga o ngā taputapu hī ika e pai ana mō te taiao
Me whakatairanga te whakamahinga o ngā taputapu hī ika i te oranga tonutanga. Ko ngā mātāpono ko: te whiriwhiri i te rahi me ngā momo ika, te whakaiti i ngā ika karekau e hopukina, te karo i te kino o ngā nohoanga o te moana, me te piri ki ngā wā hī ika me ngā rohe. Ka taea e ngā kāwanatanga me ngā hapori hī ika te whai wāhi mā te mātauranga, te aroturuki, te whakatinana i ngā rahi mata e tika ana, te aukati i ngā taputapu whakangaro, me te whakamahi i te hangarau hei tautoko i te pūrongo me te whai i ngā ika ka hopukina.
Te Katinga
He mea nui ngā taputapu hī ika tuku iho me ngā taputapu hou ki te oranga o ngā kaihao ika me te haumarutanga kai. Ko ngā taputapu tuku iho e whakaata ana i te mātauranga ā-rohe, ā, he maha ngā wā ka whiriwhiria ake, ko ngā taputapu hou ia e tuku ana i te whai hua me te hua nui ake. Ko te wero nui ko te whakataurite i ngā hiahia ōhanga me te pumau o ngā rauemi hī ika . Mā te whakahaere tika, te whakatinanatanga ture, me te mōhiotanga ngātahi, ka taea te pumau o ngā mahi hī ika kia taea ai e ngā reanga kei te heke mai te pārekareka tonu ki ngā rauemi moana o Initonīhia.
