Edoziri Nsogbu na Fizik Isi

1. Ogologo anya nke enyo convex bụ 10 cm, anya ihe ahụ dịkwa 20 cm. Chọpụta (a) anya onyonyo ahụ (b) mmụba nke onyonyo ahụ

A maara:

Ogologo anya (f) = -10 cm

Akara mwepu na-egosi na isi ihe dị na enyo convex bụ mebere emebere

Anya ihe ( d _o ) = 20 cm

Ngwọta:

Nhazi onyonyo site na enyo concave:

Ogologo onyonyo (d _i ):

1/ d _i = 1/f – 1/ d _o = -1/10 – 1/20 = -2/20 – 1/20 = -3/20

d _i = -20/3 = -6.7 cm

Akara mwepu ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ bụ nke mebere emebere.

Ịbawanye onyonyo:

m = – d _i / d _o = -(-6.7)/20 = 6.7/20 = 0.3

m = obere oge 0,3 karịa ihe ahụ.

Ihe nrịbama agbakwunyere na-egosi na onyinyo ahụ dị elu.

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2. A na-etinye ihe dị sentimita iri n'ogologo n'ihu enyo convex nke nwere ogologo focal nke sentimita iri abụọ. Chọpụta elu onyonyo ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na anya ihe ahụ bụ (a) 10 cm (b) 30 cm (c) 40 cm (d) 50 cm

A maara:

Ogologo anya nke enyo convex (f) = -20 cm

Akara mwepu na-egosi na isi ihe a na-elekwasị anya bụ mebere emebe.

Oke nke mgbagọ ( r ) = 2 f = 2(20) = 40 cm

Ogologo ihe ahụ (h) = 10 cm

Ngwọta:

a) ogologo lekwasị anya (f) = -20 cm na anya ihe (d _o ) = 10 cm

Ogologo onyonyo (d _i ) :

1/ d _i = 1/f – 1/ d _o = -1/20 – 1/10 = -1/20 – 2/20 = -3/20

d _i = -20/3 = -6.7

Akara mwepu ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ bụ nke mebere emebe maọbụ onyonyo ahụ dị n'azụ enyo ahụ.

Ịbawanye onyonyo ( m ):

m = – d _i / d _o = -(-6.7)/10 = 6.7/10 = 0.67

Ihe nrịbama mgbakwunye ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ kwụ ọtọ.

Foto ahụ pere mpe karịa ihe ahụ 0.67.

Ogologo onyonyo (h _i ):

m = h _i / h _o

h _i = h _o m = (10 cm)(0.67) = 6.7 cm

b) ogologo lekwasị anya (f) = -20 cm na anya ihe ( d _o ) = 30 cm

Ogologo onyonyo ( di _i ):

1/ d _i = 1/f – 1/ d _o = -1/20 – 1/30 = -3/60 – 2/60 = -5/60

d _i = -60/5 = -12

Akara mwepu ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ bụ nke mebere emebe maọbụ onyonyo ahụ dị n'azụ enyo ahụ.

Ịbawanye onyonyo ( m ):

m = – d _i / d _o = -(-12)/30 = 12/30 = 0.4

Ihe nrịbama mgbakwunye ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ kwụ ọtọ.

Foto ahụ pere mpe karịa ihe ahụ ugboro 0,4.

Ogologo onyonyo (h _i ):

m = h _i / h _o

h _i = h _o m = (10 cm)(0.4) = 4 cm

c) Ogologo anya (f) = -20 cm na anya ihe ( d _o ) = 40 cm

Ogologo onyonyo ( di _i ):

1/ d _i = 1/f – 1/ d _o = -1/20 – 1/40 = -2/40 – 1/40 = -3/40

d _i = -40/3 = -13.3

Akara mwepu ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ bụ nke mebere emebe maọbụ onyonyo ahụ dị n'azụ enyo convex.

Ịbawanye onyonyo ( m ):

m = – d _i / d _o = -(-13.3)/40 = 13.3/40 = 0.3

Ihe nrịbama mgbakwunye ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ kwụ ọtọ.

Foto ahụ pere mpe karịa ihe ahụ 0.3.

Ogologo onyonyo ( hi _{) :}

m = h _i / h _o

h _i = h _o m = (10 cm)(0.3) = 3 cm

d) Ogologo anya (f) = -20 cm na anya ihe ( d _o ) = 50 cm

Ogologo onyonyo ( di _i ):

1/ d _i = 1/f – 1/ d _o = -1/20 – 1/50 = -5/100 – 2/100 = -7/100

d _i = -100/7 = -14.3

Akara mwepu ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ bụ nke mebere emebe maọbụ onyonyo ahụ dị n'azụ enyo convex.

Ịbawanye onyonyo ( m ):

m = – d _i / d _o = -(-14.3)/50 = 14.3/50 = 0.3

Ihe nrịbama mgbakwunye ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ kwụ ọtọ.

Foto ahụ pere mpe karịa ihe ahụ 0.3.

Ogologo onyonyo (h _i ) :

m = h _i / h _o

h _i = h _o m = (10 cm)(0.3) = 3 cm

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3. Ihe dị n'elu ihe ahụ dị sentimita iri abụọ n'ihu enyo convex . Ọ bụrụ na elu ihe ahụ dị okpukpu iri na ise karịa elu ihe ahụ, chọpụta ( a) ogologo ihe ahụ b) ​​ogologo ihe ahụ c) njirimara nke ihe ahụ

A maara:

Anya ihe ( d _o ) = 20 cm

Ogologo onyonyo (h _i ) = 1/5 awa = 0.2 awa

Ogologo ihe ahụ (h) = h

Ngwọta:

a) anya onyonyo ( d _i )

Usoro nke ibuli onyonyo elu :

m = h _i / h _o = 0.2h / h = 0.2

Ihe nrịbama mgbakwunye ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ kwụ ọtọ.

Foto ahụ pere mpe karịa ihe ahụ 0.2.

Ogologo onyonyo ( di _i ):

– d _i = md _o

d _i = – m d _o = -(0.2)(20 cm) = -4 cm

Akara mwepu ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ bụ nke mebere emebe maọbụ onyonyo ahụ dị n'azụ enyo convex.

b) Ogologo anya ( f)

Ogologo lekwasị anya (f):

1/f = 1/ d _o + 1/ d _i = 1/20 – 1/4 = 1/20 – 5/20 = -4/20

f = -20/4 = -5 cm

Akara mwepu na-egosi na isi ihe a na-elekwasị anya bụ nke mebere emebere.

c) Njirimara nke onyonyo a:

– Kwụ ọtọ

- Obere

- mebere emebere

4. Ọ bụrụ na ìhè ada, enyo convex nke dị n'akụkụ axis ga-apụta ìhè….

A. gaa n'ebe enyo ahụ dị nke ọma

B. dịka site na isi ihe enyo ahụ si dị

C. site n'etiti mgbagọ nke enyo ahụ

D. kwụ ọtọ n'akụkụ enyo ahụ

ngwọta

A kọwara nsogbu ahụ na foto dị n'okpuru.

Azịza ya ziri ezi bụ B.

5. Onye na-agba ígwè na-ahụ onyinyo ọgba tum tum n'azụ ya okpukpu 1/6 nke nha mbụ ya mgbe anya dị n'etiti onye na-agba ígwè na ọgba tum tum dị mita 30. Chọpụta radius nke mgbagọ nke enyo azụ…

A. 7.14m

B. 8.57m

C. 12.00m

D. 24.00 mita

A maara:

Mmụba nke onyonyo (M) = ugboro 1/6

Anya ihe (d) = mita 30

Achọrọ: radius nke mgbagọ nke enyo azụ (R)

Ngwọta:

Gbakọọ anya nke onyonyo ahụ (d')

Ebe ọ bụ na a maara mmụba nke onyonyo (M) na anya ihe (s) ahụ, enwere ike ịmata anya onyonyo site na iji usoro nke mmụba onyonyo:

Ihe ịrịba ama na-adịghị mma pụtara na onyonyo ahụ bụ nke mebere emebere. Foto ahụ dị mita ise n'azụ enyo convex.

Gbakọọ ogologo lekwasị anya (f)

Ebe ọ bụ na anya ihe (d) na anya onyonyo (d'), enwere ike ịgbakọ ogologo lekwasị anya site na iji usoro nke enyo ahụ:

Oke nke mgbagọ (R)

Ogologo enyo convex dị okpukpu abụọ karịa ogologo enyo convex.
R = 2 f = 2 (mita 6) = mita 12
Ogologo nke enyo convex ahụ dị mita iri na abụọ.
Azịza ya ziri ezi bụ C.

6. A na-ahọrọ enyo convex dị ka enyo anya azụ nke ọgba tum tum n'ihi na ihe oyiyi nke enyo ahụ mepụtara bụ…

A. ezigbo, kwụ ọtọ, ebelatala

B. ezigbo, kwụ ọtọ, amụbawanye

C. mebere emebe, kwụ ọtọ, ebelatara

D. mebere emebe, kwụ ọtọ, amụbawanye

Ngwọta:

Dabere na ihe osise abụọ dị n'elu, enwere ike ikwubi na njirimara nke onyonyo a bụ mebere emebere, kwụ ọtọ, ebelatala.

Azịza ya ziri ezi bụ C.

7. Ihe dị sentimita iri na abụọ n'ihu enyo convex nke nwere radius nke sentimita isii. Njirimara nke onyonyo a bụ…

A. ezigbo, a tụgharịrị ya n'ebe dị anya nke 12 cm

B. ezigbo, kwụ ọtọ n'ebe dị anya nke 4 cm

C. mebere emebe, kwụ ọtọ n'ebe dị anya nke 2.4 cm

D. mebere emebere, agbagọgharịrị n'ebe dị anya nke 6 cm

A maara:

Anya ihe (d) = 12 cm

Redius nke enyo convex (r) = 6 cm.

Ogologo anya nke enyo convex (f) = 6 cm / 2 = -3 cm

Ogologo anya nke enyo convex bụ ihe e dere na-adịghị mma n'ihi na ọ bụ mebere emebe. Mebere emebe n'ihi na ìhè anaghị agafe ya.

Achọtara: Njirimara nke onyonyo

Ngwọta:

Anya nke onyonyo (d'):

1/d' = 1/f – 1/d = -1/3 – 1/12 = -4/12 – 1/12 = -5/12

d' = -12/5 = -2.4 cm

Anya onyonyo ahụ e tinyere aka na ya na-adịghị mma pụtara na onyonyo ahụ bụ nke mebere emebere.

Ịbawanye onyonyo (m):

m = -d' / d = -(-2.4) / 12 = 2.4 / 12 = ugboro 0.2

Mmụba nke onyonyo e tinyere aka na ya pụtara na onyonyo ahụ kwụ ọtọ na mmụba nke onyonyo ahụ bụ 0.2 pụtara na nha onyonyo ahụ pere mpe karịa nha ihe ahụ (ebelatara).

Azịza ya ziri ezi bụ C.

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1. Nsogbu na ngwọta nke enyo concave
2. Nsogbu na ngwọta nke enyo convex
3. Nsogbu na ngwọta nke lenzi dị iche iche
4. Nsogbu na ngwọta nke lenzi na-ejikọta
5. Ngwa anya anya mmadụ na nsogbu na ngwọta ya
6. Nsogbu na ngwọta nke ngwa anya kọntaktị lenses na nsogbu
7. ugogbe anya ngwa anya
8. Nsogbu na ngwọta nke ngwa anya na-eme ka iko dịkwuo elu
9. Ngwa anya microscope - nsogbu na ngwọta
10. Nsogbu na ngwọta nke telescopes ngwa anya

GỤKWUO

1. A na-etinye ihe n'ebe dị sentimita iri site na enyo gbagọrọ agbagọ . Ogologo anya ya bụ sentimita ise. Chọpụta (a) Anya onyonyo ( b) mmụba nke onyonyo ahụ

A maara:

Ogologo anya (f) = 5 cm

Anya ihe ( d _o ) = 10 cm

Ngwọta :

Nhazi onyonyo site na enyo concave:

Ogologo onyonyo ahụ:

1/ d _i = 1/f – 1/ d _o = 1/5 – 1/10 = 2/10 – 1/10 = 1/10

d _i = 10/1 = 10 cm

Ogologo foto ahụ bụ 10 cm.

Mbuli elu ahụ:

m = – d _i / d _o = -10/10 = -1

1 pụtara na onyonyo ahụ bụ otu ihe ahụ.

Akara mwepu ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ agbanweela. Ọ bụrụ na akara ahụ dị mma, onyonyo ahụ kwụ ọtọ.

[irp]

2. A na-etinye ihe dị sentimita ise n'ogologo n'ihu enyo concave nke nwere radius nke 20 cm. Chọpụta elu onyonyo ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na anya ihe ahụ dị sentimita ise, sentimita iri na ise, sentimita iri abụọ, na sentimita iri atọ.

A maara:

Oke nke mgbagọ ( r ) = 20 cm

Ogologo anya (f) = R/2 = 20/2 = 10 cm

Ogologo ihe ahụ (h _o ) = 5 cm

Ngwọta:

a) ogologo lekwasị anya (f) = 10 cm na anya ihe ( d _o ) = 5 cm

Nhazi onyonyo site na enyo concave:

Ogologo onyonyo ( di _i ):

1/ d _i = 1/f – 1/ d _o = 1/10 – 1/5 = 1/10 – 2/10 = -1/10

d _i = -10/1 = -10 cm

Akara mwepu ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ bụ nke mebere emebe maọbụ onyonyo ahụ dị n'azụ enyo ahụ.

Ịbawanye onyonyo ( m ):

m = – d _i / d _o = -(-10)/5 = 10/5 = 2

Ihe nrịbama mgbakwunye ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ kwụ ọtọ.

Ogologo onyonyo ( hi ₎ :

m = h _i / h _o

h _i = h _o m = (5 cm)(2) = 10 cm

Ogologo foto ahụ bụ 10 cm.

b) Ogologo anya (f) = 10 cm na anya ihe ( d _o ) = 15 cm

Nhazi onyonyo site na enyo concave:

Ogologo onyonyo ( di _i ):

1/ d _i = 1/f – 1/ d _o = 1/10 – 1/15 = 3/30 – 2/30 = 1/30

d _i = 30/1 = 30 cm

Akara mgbakwunye ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ bụ eziokwu ma ọ bụ onyonyo ahụ dị sentimita iri atọ n'ihu enyo ahụ, n'otu akụkụ ya na ihe ahụ.

Ịbawanye onyonyo ( m ):

m = – d _i / d _o = -30/15 = -2

Akara mwepu ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ agbanweela.

Foto a karịrị ihe ahụ okpukpu abụọ.

Ogologo onyonyo (h _i ):

m = h _i / h _o

h _i = h _o m = (5 cm)(2) = 10 cm

Ogologo foto ahụ bụ 10 cm.

c) Ogologo anya (f) = 10 cm na anya ihe ( d _o ) = 20 cm

Nhazi onyonyo site na enyo concave:

Ogologo onyonyo (d _i ):

1/ d _i = 1/f – 1/ d _o = 1/10 – 1/20 = 2/20 – 1/20 = 1/20

d _i = 20/1 = 20 cm

Ihe ngosi dị mma na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ bụ eziokwu ma ọ bụ onyonyo ahụ dị sentimita iri abụọ n'ihu enyo ahụ, n'otu akụkụ ya na ihe ahụ.

Ịbawanye onyonyo ( m ):

m = – d _i / d _o = -20/20 = -1

Ihe ịrịba ama na-adịghị mma pụtara na onyinyo ahụ agbanweela.

Ogologo onyonyo ( hi ):

m = h _i / h _o

h _i = h m = (5 cm)(1) = 5 cm

d) Ogologo anya (f) = 10 cm na anya ihe ( d _o ) = 30 cm

Ogologo onyonyo ( di _i ):

1/ d _i = 1/f – 1/ d _o = 1/10 – 1/30 = 3/30 – 1/30 = 2/30

d _i = 30/2 = 15 cm

Akara mgbakwunye ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ bụ eziokwu ma ọ bụ onyonyo ahụ dị sentimita iri na ise n'ihu enyo ahụ, n'otu akụkụ ya na ihe ahụ.

Ịbawanye onyonyo ( m) :

m = – d _i / d _o = -15/30 = -0.5

Akara mwepu ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ agbanweela.

Foto ahụ pere mpe karịa ihe ahụ 0.5.

Ogologo onyonyo (h _i ):

m = h _i / h _o

h _i = h _o m = (5 cm)(0.5) = 2.5 cm

[irp]

3. Foto e ji enyo gbagọrọ agbagọ mepụta karịrị ihe ahụ okpukpu anọ. Ọ bụrụ na radius nke mgbagọ ahụ dị sentimita iri abụọ, chọpụta anya ihe ahụ dị n'ihu enyo ahụ!

A maara:

Mmụba nke onyonyo ( m ) = 4

Oke nke mgbagọ ( r ) = 20 cm

Ogologo anya (f) = r /2 = 20/2 = 10 cm

Achọtara : Anya ihe ( d _o )

Ngwọta:

m = – d _i / d _o

4 = – d _{i /} d _o

– d _i = 4 d _o

d _i = – 4 d _o

1/f = 1/ d _o + 1/ d _i

1/10 = 1/ d _o + 1/4 d _o

4/40 = 4/4 d _o + 1/4 d _o

4/40 = _5/4 ụbọchị

(4)(4) = (5)(40)

16 d _o = 200

d _o = 12.5 cm

Anya ihe ahụ = 12.5 cm.

[irp]

4. A na-etinye ihe dị sentimita 1 n'ogologo site na enyo concave n'ebe dị sentimita 10 site na enyo concave nke nwere ogologo focal, f = 15 cm. Chọpụta:

A. Anya onyonyo ahụ?

B. Ogologo onyonyo ahụ?

C. Àgwà nke onyinyo nke enyo concave kpụrụ?

A maara:

Ogologo ihe ahụ (h) = 1 cm

Anya ihe (d _o ) = 10 cm

Ogologo anya nke enyo concave (f) = 15 cm

Ngwọta:

A. Ogologo onyonyo (d _i )

1/f = 1/d _o + 1/d _i

1/d _i = 1/f – 1/d _o = 1/15 – 1/10 = 2/30 – 3/30 = -1/30

d _i = -30/1 = -30 cm

Ihe ịrịba ama na-adịghị mma na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ bụ nke mebere emebe maọbụ onyonyo ahụ dị n'azụ enyo ahụ.

B. Ogologo onyonyo (h _i )

Ịbawanye onyinyo ahụ (M):

M = -d _i /d _o = h _i /h _o

M = -(-30)/10 = 30/10 = ugboro atọ

Ogologo onyonyo (h _i ):

M = h _i / h _o

3 = h _i / 1 cm

h _i = 3 (1 cm)

h _i = 3 cm

Ogologo onyonyo ahụ bụ 3 cm. Akara mgbakwunye ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ dị elu.

C. Njirimara nke onyonyo a:

Mebere emebere, elu, buru ibu karịa ihe

[irp]

5. Ịbawanye onyinyo ahụ, dịka onyonyo dị n'okpuru si dị.

A maara:

Anya ihe (d _o ) = 60 cm

Ogologo anya (f) = 20 cm

Achọrọ: Mmụba onyonyo (M)

Ngwọta:

Ogologo onyonyo ahụ:

1/f = 1/d _o + 1/d _i

1/d _i = 1/f – 1/d _o = 1/20 cm – 1/60 cm = 3/60 cm – 1/60 cm = 2/60 cm

d _i = 60/2 cm = 30 cm

Ịbawanye onyinyo ahụ (M):

M = d _i / d _o = 30 cm / 60 cm = 1/2 ugboro

6. Ọ bụrụ na e tinye ihe ahụ n'ebe dị sentimita isii site na enyo gbagọrọ agbagọ, anya onyonyo ahụ dị sentimita iri na abụọ dịka egosiri na foto dị n'okpuru. Gịnị bụ anya onyonyo ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na e bufee ihe ahụ site na ebe mbụ ya dị sentimita iri na otu site na enyo ahụ.

A maara:

Anya ihe (d _o ) = 6 cm

Anya onyonyo (d _i ) = 12 cm

Achọrọ: ọ bụrụ na anya ihe (d _o ) = 7 cm, mgbe ahụ anya foto ahụ bụ ...

Ngwọta:

1/f = 1/do + 1/di = 1/6 + 1/12 = 2/12 + 1/12 = 3/12

f = 12/3 = 4 cm

Ogologo ihe a na-elekwasị anya dị mma, nke pụtara na ihe a na-elekwasị anya bụ eziokwu ma ọ bụ na ụzarị na-agafe ebe ahụ.

Ogologo onyonyo ahụ:

1/d _i = 1/f – 1/d _o = 1/4 – 1/7 = 7/28 – 4/28 = 3/28

d _i = 28/3 = 9.3 cm

7. Dọkịta ezé na-ele ma na-enyocha ezé onye ọrịa site na iji enyo nwere radius 8 cm. Ka dọkịta wee hụ oghere ahụ nke ọma, kedu anya dị n'etiti ezé onye ọrịa na enyo ahụ?

A. ihe na-erughị sentimita anọ n'ihu enyo gbara okirikiri

B. ihe na-erughị sentimita anọ n'ihu enyo convex

C. ihe karịrị 4 cm n'ihu enyo ahụ dị nkọ

D. ihe karịrị 4 cm n'ihu enyo convex

A maara:

Redius nke enyo (r) = 8 cm

Ogologo anya enyo (f) = r / 2 = 8 / 2 = 4 cm

Achọsiri ike: Anya dị n'etiti ezé onye ọrịa na enyo ahụ

Ngwọta:

Enyo e ji eme ihe bụ enyo concave ka ọ bụ enyo convex? Ka dọkịta wee hụ oghere ezé nke ọma, enyo e ji eme ihe kwesịrị inwe ike ime ka onyinyo ezé ahụ dịkwuo elu, onyinyo ahụ ga-adịkwa elu. Enyo convex na-emepụta onyonyo ndị a tụgharịrị atụgharị mgbe niile, nha onyonyo ahụ pere mpe karịa nha ihe ahụ. N'aka nke ọzọ, enyo concave nwere ike imepụta onyonyo kwụ ọtọ ma ọ bụrụ na anya ihe (d) pere mpe karịa ogologo ihe a na-elekwasị anya (f). Ọ bụrụ na anya ihe ahụ karịrị ogologo ihe a na-elekwasị anya (f) mgbe ahụ enyo concave na-emepụta onyonyo a tụgharịrị atụgharị.

Ogologo anya (f) nke enyo concave bụ 4 cm, ya mere ezé onye ọrịa kwesịrị ịdị ihe na-erughị 4 cm n'ihu enyo concave.

Azịza ya bụ A.

8. Enyo concave nwere radius nke gbagọrọ agbagọ nke 24 cm. Ọ bụrụ na e tinye ihe ahụ 20 cm n'ihu enyo ahụ, chọpụta ihe oyiyi ahụ pụtara.

A. Ezigbo, kwụ ọtọ ma gbasaa

B. Ezigbo, a tụgharịrị ma gbasaa

C. Mebere emebe, kwụ ọtọ ma gbasaa

D. Mebere emebe, agbanwere agbagọ na obere

A maara:

Radius nke gbagọrọ agbagọ (r) = 24 cm

Ogologo ebe a na-elekwasị anya (f) = R/2 = 24/2 = +12 cm

Ogologo anya nke enyo concave ahụ dị mma ma ọ bụ eziokwu n'ihi na ìhè ahụ na-agafe na isi ihe enyo ahụ.

Anya ihe (d) = 20 cm

Achọtara: Njirimara nke onyonyo

Ngwọta:

Foto a ọ̀ bụ mebere emebe ka ọ̀ bụ eziokwu? Gbakọọ anya foto ahụ:

1/d + 1/d' = 1/f

1/d' = 1/f – 1/d

1/d' = 1/12 – 1/20

1/d' = 5/60 – 3/60

1/d' = 2/60

d' = 60/2

d' = 30 cm

Anya onyonyo ahụ e tinyere aka na ya dị mma pụtara na onyonyo ahụ bụ eziokwu n'ihi na ìhè na-agafe ya.

Ebulila onyonyo ahụ? Kwụ ọtọ ka ọ bụ tụgharịa? Buru ụzọ gbakọọ mmụba onyonyo ahụ (M):

M = -d' / d = -30/20 = -1.5

M > 1 pụtara na onyonyo ahụ amụbaala, M nwere akara ọjọọ pụtara onyonyo a gbagọrọ agbagọ. Ya mere, njirimara onyonyo ahụ bụ ezigbo, a gbagọrọ agbagọ, a gbasaara.

Azịza ya ziri ezi bụ B.

9. Enyo okirikiri na-emepụta onyonyo nke nha ya karịrị ihe dị na ihuenyo ugboro ise, mita ise site na ihe ahụ. Enyo ahụ dị…..

A. gbagọrọ agbagọ nwere ogologo focal nke 25/24 m

B. convex nwere ogologo focal nke 25/24 m

C. kọnkowa nwere ogologo focal nke 24/25 m

D. convex nwere ogologo focal nke 24/25 m

A maara:

Ịbawanye onyonyo (M) = ugboro ise

Anya dị n'etiti ihe na onyonyo = mita ise

Ngwọta:

Nha onyonyo nke enyo convex mepụtara na-adịkarị obere karịa nha ihe ahụ, ya mere, enyo ahụ bụ enyo concave.

Anya ihe (d) = x

Anya onyonyo (d') = x + 5

Mmụba onyonyo (M) = ugboro ise

Usoro nke ịbawanye onyonyo:

Usoro nke ogologo lekwasị anya (f):

Azịza ya bụ A.

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1. Nsogbu na ngwọta nke enyo concave
2. Nsogbu na ngwọta nke enyo convex
3. Nsogbu na ngwọta nke lenzi dị iche iche
4. Nsogbu na ngwọta nke lenzi na-ejikọta
5. Ngwa anya anya mmadụ na nsogbu na ngwọta ya
6. Nsogbu na ngwọta nke ngwa anya kọntaktị lenses na nsogbu
7. ugogbe anya ngwa anya
8. Nsogbu na ngwọta nke ngwa anya na-eme ka iko dịkwuo elu
9. Ngwa anya microscope - nsogbu na ngwọta
10. Nsogbu na ngwọta nke telescopes ngwa anya

GỤKWUO

1. Mmiri 1-kg na 100 oC gwakọtara ya na mmiri 1-kg na 10 oC n'ime ^sistemu dịpụrụ adịpụ ^. Okpomọkụ mmiri kpọmkwem bụ 4200 J/kg ^o C. Chọpụta okpomọkụ ikpeazụ nke ngwakọta ahụ!

A maara:

Ibu mmiri ọkụ (m1 ₎ = 1 kg

Okpomọkụ nke mmiri ọkụ (T ₁ ) = 100 ^oC

Ibu mmiri oyi (m2 ₎ = 1 kg

Okpomọkụ nke mmiri oyi (T2 ₎ = 10 ^oC

Achọrọ: Okpomọkụ ikpeazụ (T)

Ngwọta:

Okpomọkụ furu efu = Okpomọkụ enwetara (sistemụ dịpụrụ adịpụ)

m c Δ T = m c Δ T

m Δ T = m Δ T

m ₁ (T ₁ – T) = m ₂ (T – T ₂ )

(1)(100 – T) = (1)(T – 10)

100 – T = T – 10

100 + 10 = T + T

110 = 2T

T = 110 / 2

T = 55

Okpomọkụ ikpeazụ bụ 55 ^o C.

[irp]

2. Bọktọ ndu nke kilogram 3 na 80^o etinye ya n'ime kilogram iri nke mmiri. Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke lead bụ 1400 J.kg^-1C^-1 okpomọkụ mmiri kpọmkwem bụ 4200 J.kg^-1C^-1Okpomọkụ ikpeazụ na nguzozi okpomọkụ bụ 20^oC. Chọpụta okpomọkụ mbụ nke mmiri!

A maara:

Ibu (m ₁ ) = 3 kg

Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke lead (c1 ₎ = 1400 J.kg ^-1 C ^-1

Okpomọkụ nke lead (T ₁ ) = 80 ^oC

Mmiri dị n'ọbara (m2 ₎ = 10 kg

Okpomọkụ mmiri kpọmkwem (c2 ₎ = 4200 J.kg ^-1 C ^-1

Okpomọkụ nke nguzozi okpomọkụ (T) = 20 ^o C

Achọrọ: Okpomọkụ mbụ nke mmiri ( _T2 )

Ngwọta:

Okpomọkụ furu efu = Okpomọkụ enwetala

Q lead = Q mmiri

m ₁ c ₁ ΔT = m ₂ c ₂ ΔT

(3)(1400)(80-20) = (10)(4200)(20-T)

(4200)(60) = (42,000)(20-T)

252,000 = 840,000 – 42,000 T

42,000 T = 840,000 – 252,000

42,000 T = 588,000

T = 588,000 / 42,000

T = 14

Okpomọkụ mbụ nke mmiri bụ 14 ^oC.

[irp]

3. Otu ngọngọ ọla kọpa na 100^oC tinye ya na gram 128 nke mmiri na 30 ^oC. The kpọmkwem okpomọkụ nke mmiri bụ 1 cal.g^{-1 o}C^-1 na okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke ọla kọpa bụ 0.1 cal.g^{-1 o}C^-1. Ọ bụrụ na okpomọkụ nke nguzozi okpomọkụ dị 36 ^oC, chọpụta oke nke ọla kọpa ahụ!

A maara:

Okpomọkụ nke ọla kọpa ( T ₁ ) = 100 ^oC

Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke ọla kọpa (c1 ₎ = 0.1 c al.g ^-1o C ^-1

Mmiri dị n'ọbara (m2 ₎ = gram 128

Okpomọkụ mmiri (T2 ₎ = 30 ^oC

Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke mmiri (c2 ₎ = 1 c al.g ^-1o C ^-1

Okpomọkụ nke nguzozi okpomọkụ (T) = 36 ^o C

Achọtara: Ibu ọla kọpa ( _m1 )

Ngwọta:

Okpomọkụ furu efu = Okpomọkụ enwetala

Q ọla kọpa = Q mmiri

m ₁ c ₁ ΔT = m ₂ c ₂ ΔT

(m ₁ )(0.1)(100-36) = (128)(1)(36-30)

(m ₁ )(0.1)(64) = (128)(1)(6)

(m ₁ )(6.4) = 768

m ₁ = 768 / 6.4

m ₁ = 120

Ibu ígwè ahụ bụ gram 120.

[irp]

4. Otu mkpụrụ ice M-kg na 0^oC tinye ya na gram 340 nke mmiri na 20^oC n'ime ite mmiri. Ọ bụrụ na okpomọkụ nke njikọta maka mmiri = 80 kalori g^-1, okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke mmiri bụ 1 kalori g^{-1 o}C^-1. Ice niile na-agbaze na okpomọkụ nke nguzozi okpomọkụ is 5^oC, chọpụta oke ice!

A maara:

Mmiri dị n'ọbara (m) = gram 340

Okpomọkụ nke ice ( T _ice ) = 0 ^oC

Okpomọkụ mmiri ( T _mmiri ) = 20 ^oC

Okpomọkụ nke nguzozi okpomọkụ (T) = 5 ^o C

Okpomọkụ nke njikọta mmiri ( L ) = 80 c al g ^-1

Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke mmiri (c _mmiri ) = 1 kalori g ^{-1 o} C ^-1

Achọtara: Oke ice (M)

Ngwọta:

Okpomọkụ furu efu = Okpomọkụ enwetala

Mmiri Q = Q ice

m c ( ΔT) = m _es L _es + m c ( Δ T)

(340)(1)(20-5) = M (80) + M (1)(5-0)

(340)(15) = 80M + 5M

5100 = 85M

M = 5100/85

M = gram 60

[wpdm_package id='714′]

1. Ịgbanwe nha okpomọkụ
2. Mgbasawanye ahịrị
3. Mgbasawanye mpaghara
4. Mgbasawanye olu
5. okpomọkụ
6. Ihe nhata igwe nke okpomọkụ
7. Ike okpomọkụ na okpomọkụ kpọmkwem
8. Okpomọkụ zoro ezo, okpomọkụ nke njikọta, okpomọkụ nke vaporization
9. Nchekwa ike maka nnyefe okpomọkụ

GỤKWUO

4 Okpomọkụ zoro ezo Okpomọkụ nke ngwakọta Okpomọkụ nke ikuku uzuoku - Nsogbu na Ngwọta

1. Gbakọọ okpomọkụ agbakwunyere na gram ọlaedo 1 iji gbanwee usoro site na siri ike gaa na mmiri mmiri. Okpomọkụ nke ngwakọta maka ọlaedo bụ 64.5 x 10 ³ J/kg.

A maara:

Ibu (m) = gram 1 = 1 x 10 ^-3 kg

Okpomọkụ nke njikọta (L _F ) = 64.5 x 10 ³ J/kg

Achọtara: Okpomọkụ (Q)

Ngwọta:

Q = m L _F

Q = (1 x 10 ^-3 kg)(64.5 x 10 ³ J/kg)

Q = 64.5 Joule

[irp]

2. Gbakọọ oke okpomọkụ nke gram mercury na-ewepụta iji gbanwee usoro site na mmiri mmiri gaa na ihe siri ike. Okpomọkụ nke ngwakọta maka mercury bụ 11.8 x 10 ³ J/kg.

A maara:

Ibu (m) = gram 1 = 1 x 10 ^-3 kg

Okpomọkụ nke njikọta (L _F ) = 11.8 x 10 ³ J/kg

Achọtara: Okpomọkụ (Q)

Ngwọta:

Q = m L _F

Q = (1 x 10 ^-3 kg)(11.8 x 10 ³ J/kg)

Q = 11.8 Joule

3. Chọpụta oke okpomọkụ nke otu kilogram mmiri na-amịkọrọ iji gbanwee usoro site na mmiri mmiri gaa na uzuoku (steam). Okpomọkụ nke uzuoku maka mmiri = 2256 x 10 ³ J/kg

A maara:

Ibu (m) = 1 kg

Okpomọkụ nke ikuku (LV ₎ = 2256 x 10 ³ J/kg

Achọtara: Okpomọkụ (Q)

Ngwọta:

Q = m L _V

Q = (1 kg)( 2256 x 10 ³ J/kg)

Q = 2256 x 10 Joule ³

[irp]

4. Chọpụta oke okpomọkụ nke nitrogen na-ewepụta iji gbanwee usoro site na uzuoku gaa na mmiri mmiri. Okpomọkụ nke uzuoku maka nitrogen = 200 x 10 ³ J/kg

A maara:

Ibu (m) = gram 1 = 1 x 10 ^-3 kg

Okpomọkụ nke ikuku (LV ₎ = 200 x 10 ³ J/kg

A maara: Okpomọkụ (Q)

Ngwọta:

Q = m L _V

Q = (1 x 10 ^-3 kg)( 200 x 10 ³ J/kg)

Q = 200 Joule

1. Ịgbanwe nha okpomọkụ
2. Mgbasawanye ahịrị
3. Mgbasawanye mpaghara
4. Mgbasawanye olu
5. okpomọkụ
6. Ihe nhata igwe nke okpomọkụ
7. Ike okpomọkụ na okpomọkụ kpọmkwem
8. Okpomọkụ zoro ezo, okpomọkụ nke njikọta, okpomọkụ nke vaporization
9. Nchekwa ike maka nnyefe okpomọkụ

GỤKWUO

1. Ahụ́ nke dị kilogram abụọ na-amịkọrọ okpomọkụ 100 kalori mgbe okpomọkụ ya na - arị elu site na 20 ^o C ruo 70 ^o C. Gịnị bụ okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke ahụ?

A maara:

Ibu (m) = 2 kg = 2000 gr

Okpomọkụ (Q) = 100 c al

Mgbanwe na okpomọkụ ( ΔT ) = 70 ^o C – 20 ^o C = 50 ^o C

Achọrọ: Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem (c)

Ngwọta:

c = Q / m Δ T

c = 100 kalori / (2000 gr)(50 ^o C)

c = 100 kalori / 100,000 gr ^o C

c = 10 ² kalori / 10 ⁵ g ^o C

c = (10 ² kalori)( 10 ^-5 gr ^{-1 o} C ^-1 )

c = 10 ^-3 kalori gr ^{-1 o} C ^-1

c = 10 ^-3 kalori/ gr ^o C

Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke ahụ bụ 10-3 ^kalori / gr ^oC

[irp]

2. Okpomọkụ mmiri kpọmkwem bụ 4180 J/kg C ^o . Oke ike okpomọkụ nke mmiri kilogram 2 …

A maara:

Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem (c) = 4180 J/kg C ^o

Ibu (m) = 2 kg

Achọtara: Ike okpomọkụ (C)

Ngwọta:

C = mc

C = (2 kg)(4180 J/kg C ^o )

C = (2)(4180 J/C ^o )

C = 8360 J/C ^o

3. Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke aluminom bụ 900 J/kg C ^o . Oke ike okpomọkụ nke aluminom gram 2…..

A maara:

Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke aluminom (c) = 900 J/kg C ^o = 9 x 10 ² J/kg C ^o

Ibu (m) = gram 2 = 2/1000 kg = 2/10 ³ kg = 2 x 10 ^-3 kg

Achọtara: Ike okpomọkụ (C)

Ngwọta:

C = mc

C = (2 x 10 ^-3 n'arọ) ( 9 x 10 ² J/kg C ^o )

C = 18 x 10 ^-3 x 10 ² J/C ^o

C = 18 x 10 ^-1 J/C ^o

C = 1.8 J/C ^o

[wpdm_package id='710′]

1. Ịgbanwe nha okpomọkụ
2. Mgbasawanye ahịrị
3. Mgbasawanye mpaghara
4. Mgbasawanye olu
5. okpomọkụ
6. Ihe nhata igwe nke okpomọkụ
7. Ike okpomọkụ na okpomọkụ kpọmkwem
8. Okpomọkụ zoro ezo, okpomọkụ nke njikọta, okpomọkụ nke vaporization
9. Nchekwa ike maka nnyefe okpomọkụ

GỤKWUO

1. 2 k kalori (kilo c kalori e ) = ….. c kalori e?

ngwọta

1 kcal = 1000 kcal

2 kcal = 2 (1000 c kalori e ) = 2000 c kalori e

2. 4 C kalori e = ….. c kalori e?

ngwọta

1 Calori e ( a Capital C ) = 1 k cal = 1000 calori e

4 C kalori e = 4 (1000 c kalori e ) = 4000 c kalori e

3. 10 c calorie e = .... Joule?

ngwọta

Kalori 1 e = Joules 4.186

Kalori 10 c e = 10 (Joules 4.186) = Joules 41.86

[irp]

4. 5 kcal = ….. Joule?

ngwọta

1 kcal = 1000 c alarie = 4186 Joules

5 kcal = 5 (4186 Joules) = 20930 Joules

5. 2000 Joules = ….. k cal?

ngwọta

4186 Joules = 1 kcal

Ngụkọta 8372 = 8372 / 4186 = 2 kcal

Ngụkọta 2000 = 2000 / 4186 = 0.4777 kcal

[wpdm_package id='706′]

1. Ịgbanwe nha okpomọkụ
2. Mgbasawanye ahịrị
3. Mgbasawanye mpaghara
4. Mgbasawanye olu
5. okpomọkụ
6. Ihe nhata igwe nke okpomọkụ
7. Ike okpomọkụ na okpomọkụ kpọmkwem
8. Okpomọkụ zoro ezo, okpomọkụ nke njikọta, okpomọkụ nke vaporization
9. Nchekwa ike maka nnyefe okpomọkụ

GỤKWUO

Okpomọkụ 9 nke a kapịrị ọnụ nke oke okpomọkụ Mgbanwe na okpomọkụ - Nsogbu na Ngwọta

1. A na-ekpo ọkụ otu kilogram 2 site na 50^oC ka 100^oC. Ihe kpọmkwem ọkụ nke ndu bụ 130 J.kg^{-1 o}C^-1. Ego ole okpomọkụ ndu ahụ ọ̀ na-amịkọrọ ya?

A maara:

Ibu (m) = 2 kg

Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem (c) = 1 3 0 J.kg ^-1 C ^-1

Mgbanwe na okpomọkụ ( Δ T) = 100 ^o C – 50 ^o C = 50 ^o C

Achọtara: Okpomọkụ (Q)

Ngwọta:

Q = mc Δ T

Q = okpomọkụ , m = oke, c = okpomọkụ kpọmkwem , Δ T = mgbanwe na okpomọkụ

Okpomọkụ nke lead na-amịkọrọ:

Q = (2 kg)(1 3 0 J.kg ^-1 C ^-1 )(50 ^o C)

Q = (100)(1 3 0)

Q = 1 3,000 Joules

Q = 1.3 x ¹⁰⁴ Joules

[irp]

2. Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke ọla kọpa bụ 390 J/k g ^o C, mgbanwe na okpomọkụ bụ 40 ^o C. Ọ bụrụ na ọla kọpa ahụ na-amịkọrọ okpomọkụ 40 Joules, gịnị bụ oke ọla kọpa ahụ!

A maara:

Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke ọla kọpa (c) = 390 J/kg g ^o C

Mgbanwe na okpomọkụ ( ΔT ) = 40 ^oC

Okpomọkụ ( Q) = 40 J

Achọtara: Oke (m) nke ọla kọpa

Ngwọta:

Q = mc Δ T

40 J = (m)( 390 J/k g ^o C)(40 ^o C)

40 = (m)( 390 /kg g)(40)

40 = (m)( 390 /kg )(4)

40 = (m)( 1560 /kg )

m = 40 / 1560

m = 0.026 kg

m = gram 26

3. Okpomọkụ mbụ nke gram 20 nke mmiri bụ 30 ^oC . Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke mmiri bụ 1 cal g ^{-1 oC -1} . Ọ bụrụ na mmiri amịkọrọ kalori 300 nke okpomọkụ, chọpụta okpomọkụ ikpeazụ!

A maara:

Ibu (m) = 20 g

Okpomọkụ mbụ ( T ₁ ) = 30 ^oC

Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke mmiri (c) = 1 kalori gr ^{-1 o} C ^-1

Okpomọkụ (Q) = 300 kalori

Achọrọ: Okpomọkụ ikpeazụ nke mmiri

Ngwọta:

Q = mc ΔT

300 kalori = (20 gr)( 1 kalori gr ^{-1 o} C ^-1 )( T ₂ -30 )

300 = (20)(1)( T ₂ -30)

300 = 20 ( T ₂ -30 )

300 = 20 T ₂ – 600

300 + 600 = 20T ₂

900 = 20T ₂

T ₂ = 900 / 20

T ₂ = 45

Mgbanwe nke okpomọkụ bụ 45 ^o C – 30 ^o C = 15 ^o C.

 [irp]

4. Tmgbanwe na okpomọkụ nke mmiri oké osimiri is 1^oC mgbe mmiri na-amịkọrọ okpomọkụ 3900 joules. Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke mmiri oké osimiri bụ 3.9 × 10³ J/kg°C, kedu oke mmiri dị n'oké osimiri?

A maara:

Mgbanwe na okpomọkụ ( ΔT ) = 1 ^oC

Okpomọkụ (Q) = Joule 3900

Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke mmiri oké osimiri (c) = 3.9 x 10 ³ J/ k g°C = 3900 J/Kg°C

Achọtara: Oke (m)

Ngwọta:

Q = mc Δ T

Q = okpomọkụ , m = oke, c = okpomọkụ kpọmkwem , Δ T = mgbanwe na okpomọkụ

m = Q / c Δ T = 3900 / (3900)(1) = 3900 / 3900 = 1 kg

5. Ọla kọpa dị kilogram 2 na-amịkọrọ okpomọkụ 39,000 J na 30°C. Ọ bụrụ na okpomọkụ ọla kọpa kpọmkwem bụ 390 J/kg °C, kedu okpomọkụ ikpeazụ nke ọla kọpa ahụ...

A maara:

Ibu (m) = 2 kg

Okpomọkụ mbụ ( T ₁ ) = 30 ^oC

Okpomọkụ (Q) = Joule 39,000

Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem (c) nke ọla kọpa = 390 J/kg ^o C

Achọrọ : Okpomọkụ ikpeazụ ( _T2 )

Ngwọta:

Q = mc ΔT

Q = okpomọkụ , m = oke, c = okpomọkụ kpọmkwem , ΔT = mgbanwe na okpomọkụ

Q = mc ΔT = mc (T ₂ – T ₁ )

39,000 = (2)( 390)(T2 _– 30)

100 = (2)(1)(T ₂ – 30)

100 = (2)(T ₂ – 30)

50 = T ₂ – 30

T ₂ = 50 + 30

T ₂ = 80 ^o C

[irp]

6. A na-ekpo ọkụ mmiri dị kilogram 5 site na 15°C ruo 40°C. Gịnị bụ okpomọkụ mmiri na-amịkọrọ. Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke mmiri bụ 4.2 × 10 ³ J/Kg° C.

A maara:

Ibu (m) = 5 kg

Okpomọkụ mbụ (T ₁ ) = 15°C

Okpomọkụ ikpeazụ (T2 ₎ = 40°C

Okpomọkụ mmiri kpọmkwem (c) = 4.2 × 10 ³ J/kg° C

Achọtara: Okpomọkụ (Q)

Ngwọta:

Q = mc ΔT

Q = (5 kg)( 4.2 × 10 ³ J/kg°C)(40°C – 15°C)

Q = (5)( 4.2 × 10 ³ J)(25)

Q = 525 x 10 ³ J

Q = 525,000 Joule

7. A na-ekpo ọkụ mmiri dị kilogram 2 site na 24°C ruo 90°C. Gịnị bụ okpomọkụ mmiri na-amịkọrọ. Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke mmiri bụ 4.2 × 10 ³ J/Kg° C.

A maara:

Ibu (m) = 2 kg

Okpomọkụ mbụ (T ₁ ) = 24°C

Okpomọkụ ikpeazụ (T2 ₎ = 90°C

Okpomọkụ mmiri kpọmkwem (c) = 4,200 Joules/kg°C

Achọtara m :: Okpomọkụ (Q)

Ngwọta:

Q = m c ΔT

Q = (2 kg)( 4,200 Joules/kg°C)(90°C – 24°C)

Q = (2 kg)( 4,200 Joules/kg°C)(66°C)

Q = (132)( 4,200 Joules)

Q = 554,400 Joule

[irp]

8. A na-ekpo ọkụ mmiri gram 5 site na 10°C ruo 40°C. Gịnị bụ okpomọkụ mmiri na-amịkọrọ. Okpomọkụ kpọmkwem nke mmiri bụ 1 × 10 ³ cal /g r ° C.

A maara:

Ibu (m) = gram 5

Okpomọkụ mbụ ( T ₁ ) = 10 ^oC

Okpomọkụ ikpeazụ (T2 ₎ = 40 ^oC

Okpomọkụ mmiri kpọmkwem (c) = 1 c al/ gr°C

Achọtara : Okpomọkụ

Ngwọta:

Q = mc ΔT

Q = (gram 5)( 1 kalori/gr°C)(40 ^o C – 10 ^o C)

Q = (5)( 1 c al)(30)

Q = kalori 150

9. Mmiri dị kilogram 0.2 na-amịkọrọ okpomọkụ ruru 42,000 na 25 ^oC . Okpomọkụ mmiri kpọmkwem bụ 4200 J/kg ^oC , nke bụ okpomọkụ ikpeazụ nke mmiri.

A maara:

Mmiri dị n'ọbara (m) = 0.2 kg

Okpomọkụ (Q) = Joule 42,000

Okpomọkụ mmiri kpọmkwem (c) = 4200 J/kg ^o C

Okpomọkụ mbụ ( T ₁ ) = 25 ^oC

Achọrọ: Okpomọkụ ikpeazụ ( _T2 )

Ngwọta:

Q = mc ΔT = mc (T ₂ – T ₁ )

Ajụjụ = okpomọkụ, m = oke, c = kpọmkwem ọkụ, ΔT = mgbanwe na okpomọkụ, T₁ = okpomọkụ mbụ, T₂ = okpomọkụ ikpeazụ

Q = mc (T ₂ – T ₁ )

42,000 = (0.2)(4200)(T ₂ – 25)

42,000 = 840 (T ₂ – 25)

42,000 = 840 T ₂ – 21,000

42,000 + 21,000 = 840 T ₂

63,000 = 840 T ₂

T ₂ = 63,000 / 840

T ₂ = 75 ^o C

1. Ịgbanwe nha okpomọkụ
2. Mgbasawanye ahịrị
3. Mgbasawanye mpaghara
4. Mgbasawanye olu
5. okpomọkụ
6. Ihe nhata igwe nke okpomọkụ
7. Ike okpomọkụ na okpomọkụ kpọmkwem
8. Okpomọkụ zoro ezo, okpomọkụ nke njikọta, okpomọkụ nke vaporization
9. Nchekwa ike maka nnyefe okpomọkụ

GỤKWUO

Ọ bụ naanị ihe siri ike ka a na-ahụ mmụba nke nha nha; ihe niile, ma ihe siri ike, mmiri mmiri, na gas, na-enweta mmụba nke nha ...

Nkọwa: V _o = Olu mbụ, V = Olu ikpeazụ, ΔV = V – V _o = Mgbanwe olu, T _o = Okpomọkụ mbụ, T = Okpomọkụ ikpeazụ, ΔT = T – T _o = Mgbanwe okpomọkụ, β = ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye olu. Nkeji nke β = (C ^o ) ^-1

[irp]

Usoro mgbasa olu dị n'elu na-emetụta naanị mgbe mgbanwe dị na olu ihe ndị ahụ (ma siri ike, mmiri mmiri, na gas) pere mpe karịa olu mbụ nke ihe ahụ. Ọ bụrụ na mgbanwe na olu ihe karịrị olu mbụ nke ihe ahụ, usoro mgbasa olu anaghị enye nsonaazụ ziri ezi. Ọtụtụ mgbe, mgbanwe na olu nke ihe siri ike na-enweta anaghị oke ibu. N'aka nke ọzọ, usoro mgbasa olu nke mmiri mmiri na gas buru ibu. Usoro mgbasa olu maka ihe gas dịkwa mfe ịgbanwe ma ọ bụrụ na okpomọkụ agbanwee. Ya mere, usoro dị n'elu na-eji naanị maka mgbasa nke ihe siri ike.

[irp]

1. N'okpomọkụ 30 ^o C, olu nke okirikiri aluminom bụ 30 cm ^3. Ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye ahịrị bụ 24 x 10 ^{-6 o} C ^-1 . Ọ bụrụ na olu ikpeazụ bụ 30.5 cm ³ , kedu okpomọkụ ikpeazụ nke okirikiri aluminom?

A maara:

Ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye ahịrị ( α ) = 24 x 10 ^{-6 o} C ^-1

Ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye olu ( β ) = 3 α = 3 x 24 x 10 ^{-6 o} C ^-1 = 72 x 10 ^{-6 o} C ^-1

Okpomọkụ mbụ ( T ₁ ) = 30 ^oC

Olu mbụ (V ₁ ) = 30 cm ³

Olu ikpeazụ (V ₂ ) = 30.5 cm ³

Mgbanwe olu ( Δ V) = 30.5 cm ³ – 30 cm ³ = 0.5 cm ³

Achọrọ: Okpomọkụ ikpeazụ ( _T2 )

Ngwọta:

Δ V = β (V1 ₎ ( ΔT )

Δ V = β (V1 ₎ ( _T2 – _T1 )

0.5 cm³ = (72 x 10^{-6 o}C^-1)Ogologo (30 cm)³)(T₂ - 30^oC)

0.5 = (2160 x 10 ^-6 ) (T ₂ – 30 )

0.5 = (2.160 x 10 ^-3 ) (T 2 – 30 )

0.5 = (2.160 x 10 ^-3 ) (T ₂ – 30 )

0.5 / (2.160 x 10 ^-3 ) = T ₂ – 30

0.23 x 10 ³ = T ₂ – 30

0.23 x 1000 = T ₂ – 30

230 = T ₂ – 30

230 + 30 = T ₂

T ₂ = 260 ^o C

[irp]

2. Ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye linear nke okirikiri ígwè bụ 9 x 10 ^{-6 o} C ^-1 . Dayameta dị n'ime nke okirikiri ígwè ahụ na 20 ^o C bụ 2.2 cm. Ọ bụrụ na dayameta ikpeazụ bụ 2.8 cm, kedu ka okpomọkụ ikpeazụ ga-adị!

A maara:

Ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye ahịrị ( α ) = 9 x 10 ^{-6 o} C ^-1

Ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye olu ( β) = 3 α = 3 x 9 x 10 ^{-6 o} C ^-1 = 27 x 10 ^{-6 o} C ^-1

Okpomọkụ mbụ ( T ₁ ) = 20 ^oC

Dayameta mbụ (D ₁ ) = 2.2 cm

Dayameta ikpeazụ (D ₂ ) = 2.8 cm

Mgbada mbụ (r ₁ ) = D ₁ / 2 = 2.2 cm ³ / 2 = 1.1 cm ³

Oke okirikiri ikpeazụ (r ₂ ) = D ₂ / 2 = 2.8 cm ³ / 2 = 1.4 cm ³

Mpịakọta mbụ (V ₁ ) = 4/3 π r ₁ ³ = (4/3)(3.14)(1.1 cm) ³ = (4/3)(3.14)(1.331 cm ³ ) = 5.57 cm ³

Olu ikpeazụ (V ₂ ) = 4/3 π r ₂ ³ = (4/3)(3.14)(1.4 cm) ³ = (4/3)(3.14)(2.744 cm ³ ) = 11.48 cm ³

Mgbanwe olu ( Δ V) = 11.48 cm ³ – 5.57 cm ³ = 5.91 cm ³

Achọrọ: Okpomọkụ _ikpeazụ ( T2 )

Ngwọta:

Δ V = β (V1 ₎ ( ΔT )

5.91 cm³ = (27 x 10^{-6 o}C^-1)(5.57 cm³)(T₂ - 20^oC)

5.91 = (150.39 x 10 ^-6 ) (T ₂ – 20)

5.91 / 150.39 x 10 ^-6 = T ₂ – 20

0.039 x 10 ⁶ = T ₂ – 20

39 x 10 ³ = T ₂ – 20

39,000 = T ₂ – 20

39,000 + 20 = T ₂

T ₂ = 39,020 ^o C

3. A 2000-cm³ aluminom akpa, juputara na mmiri na 0^oC. Wee kpoo ọkụ ruo 90^oC. Ọ bụrụ na ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye linear maka aluminom bụ 24 x 10^-6 (^oC)^-1 na ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye olu maka mmiri bụ 6.3 x 10^-4 (^oC)^-1, chọpụta oke mmiri a wụfuru.

A maara:

Olu mbụ nke akpa aluminom na mmiri (Vo ₎ = 2000 cm ³ = 2 x 10 ³ cm ³

Okpomọkụ mbụ nke akpa aluminom na mmiri (T 1 ₎ = 0 ^oC

Okpomọkụ ikpeazụ nke akpa aluminom na mmiri (T2 ) ₌ 90 ^oC

Ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye ahịrị maka aluminom (α) = 24 x 10 ^-6 ( ^oC ) ^-1

Ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye olu maka aluminom (γ) = 3α = 3 (24 x 10 ^-6 ( ^oC ) -1 ⁾ = 72 x 10 ^{-6 o} C ^-1

Ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye olu maka mmiri (γ) = 6.3 x 10 ^-4 ( ^oC ) ^-1

Achọtara: Oke mmiri a wụfuru

Ngwọta:

Usoro nke mgbasawanye olu:

V = V _o + γ V _o ΔT

V – V _o = γ V _o ΔT

ΔV = γ V _o ΔT

V = olu ikpeazụ, V _o = olu mbụ, ΔV = mgbanwe olu, γ = ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye olu, ΔT = mgbanwe okpomọkụ

Gbakọọ mgbanwe dị na olu nke akpa aluminom:

ΔV = γ V _o ΔT = (72 x 10 ^-6 )(2 x 10 ³ )(90) = 12960 x 10 ^-3 = 12.960 cm ³

Gbakọọ mgbanwe dị na olu mmiri ahụ:

ΔV = γ V _o ΔT = (6. 3 x 10 ^-4 )(2 x 10 ³ )(90) = 1134 x 10 ^-1 = 113.4 cm ³

Mgbanwe dị na olu mmiri ahụ karịrị nke aluminom nke mere na ụfọdụ mmiri gbapụrụ.

Gbakọọ olu mmiri a wụfuru:

113.4 cm ³ – 12.960 cm ³ = 100.44 cm ³

[wpdm_package id='702′]

1. Ịgbanwe nha okpomọkụ
2. Mgbasawanye ahịrị
3. Mgbasawanye mpaghara
4. Mgbasawanye olu
5. okpomọkụ
6. Ihe nhata igwe nke okpomọkụ
7. Ike okpomọkụ na okpomọkụ kpọmkwem
8. Okpomọkụ zoro ezo, okpomọkụ nke njikọta, okpomọkụ nke vaporization
9. Nchekwa ike maka nnyefe okpomọkụ

GỤKWUO

1. Na 20 ^o C, ogologo mpempe akwụkwọ ígwè bụ 50 cm, obosara ya bụkwa 30 cm. Ọ bụrụ na ọnụọgụgụ nke mgbasawanye ahịrị maka ígwè bụ 10 ^{-5 o} C ^-1 , chọpụta mgbanwe na mpaghara ahụ na mpaghara ikpeazụ na 60 ^o C.

A maara:

Okpomọkụ mbụ ( T ₁ ) = 20 ^oC

Okpomọkụ ikpeazụ (T2 ) ₌ 60 ^oC

Mgbanwe na okpomọkụ ( ΔT ) = 60 ^o C – 20 ^o C = 40 ^o C

Mpaghara mbụ (A ₁ ) = ogologo x obosara = 50 cm x 30 cm = 1500 cm ²

Ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye ahịrị maka ígwè ( α) = 10 ^{-5 o} C ^-1

Ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye mpaghara maka ígwè ( β) = 2α = 2 x 10 ^{-5 o} C ^-1

Achọtara: Mgbanwe na mpaghara ( ΔA )

Ngwọta:

Mgbanwe na mpaghara ( ΔA ):

ΔA = βA ₁ ΔT

ΔA = ( 2 x 10 ^{-5 o} C ^-1 )(1500 cm ² )(40 ^o C)

ΔA = (80 x 10 ^-5 ) (1500 cm ² )

ΔA = 1 20,000 x 10 ^-5 cm ²

ΔA = 1. 2 x 10 ⁵ x 10 ^-5 cm ²

ΔA = 1.2 cm ²

Mpaghara ikpeazụ ( A ₂ ):

A ₂ = A ₁ + ΔA

A ₂ = 1500 cm ² + 1. 2 cm ²

A ₂ = 1501. 2 cm ²

[irp]

2. Na 30 ^o C, mpaghara mpempe akwụkwọ aluminom bụ 40 cm ² na ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye ahịrị bụ 24 x 10 ^-6 / ^o C. Chọpụta okpomọkụ ikpeazụ ma ọ bụrụ na mpaghara ikpeazụ bụ 40.2 cm ².

A maara:

Okpomọkụ mbụ (T 1 ₎ = 30 ^oC

Ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye ahịrị ( α) = 24 x 10 ^{-6 o} C ^-1

Ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye mpaghara ( β) = 2a = 2 x 24 x 10 ^{-6 o} C ^-1 = 48 x 10 ^{-6 o} C ^-1

Mpaghara mbụ (A ₁ ) = 40 cm ²

Mpaghara ikpeazụ (A ₂ ) = 40.2 cm ²

Mgbanwe dị na mpaghara ( ΔA) = 40.2 cm ² – 40 cm ² = 0.2 cm ²

Achọrọ: Chọpụta okpomọkụ ikpeazụ ( _T2 )

Ngwọta:

Usoro mgbanwe na mpaghara ( ΔA) :

ΔA = βA ₁ Δ T

Okpomọkụ ikpeazụ (T2 ₎ :

ΔA = βA 1 ( _T2 – _T1 )_​

0.2 cm² = (48 x) 10^{-6 o}C^-1)(40 cm)²)(T₂ - 30^oC)

0.2 = (1920 x 10 ^-6 ) (T ₂ – 30 )

0.2 = (1.920 x 10 ^-3 ) (T ₂ – 30)

0.2 = (2 x 10 ^-3 ) (T ₂ – 30)

0.2 / (2 x 10 ^-3 ) = T ₂ – 30

0.1 x 10 ³ = T ₂ – 30

1 x 10 ² = T ₂ – 30

100 = T ₂ – 30

100 + 30 = T ₂

T ₂ = 130

Okpomọkụ ikpeazụ = 130 ^o C

[irp]

3. radius nke mgbanaka dị na 20 ^o C bụ 20 cm. Ọ bụrụ na radius ikpeazụ dị na 100 ^o C bụ 20.5 cm, chọpụta ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye mpaghara na ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye ahịrị…

A maara:

Okpomọkụ mbụ (T 1 ₎ = 30 ^oC

Okpomọkụ ikpeazụ (T2 ) ₌ 100 ^oC

Mgbanwe na okpomọkụ ( ΔT ) = 100 ^o C – 30 ^o C = 70 ^o C

Mgbada mbụ (r ₁ ) = 20 cm

Mgbada ikpeazụ (r2 ₎ = 20.5 cm

Achọrọ: Ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye mpaghara ( β )

Ngwọta:

Mpaghara mbụ (A ₁ ) = π r ₁ ² = (3.14)(20 cm) ² = (3.14)(400 cm ² ) = 1256 cm ²

Mpaghara ikpeazụ (A ₂ ) = π r ₂ ² = (3.14)(20.5 cm) ² = (3.14)(420.25 cm ² ) = 1319.585 cm ²

Mgbanwe dị na mpaghara ( ΔA) = 1319.585 cm ² – 1256 cm ² = 63.585 cm ²

Usoro mgbanwe na mpaghara ( ΔA) :

ΔA = βA ₁ ΔT

Ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye mpaghara:

ΔA = βA ₁ ΔT

63.585 cm ² = b (1 256 cm ² )(70 ^o C)

63.585 = b ( 87,920 ^o C)

β = 63.585 / 87,920 ^o C

β = 0.00072 / ^o C

β = 7.2 x 1 0 ^-4 / ^o C

β = 7.2 x 1 0 ^{-4 o} C ^-1

Ọnụọgụ nke mgbasawanye ahịrị ( α ):

β = 2 α

α = β / 2

α = (7.2 x 1 0 ^-4 ) / 2

α = 3.6 x 1 0 ^{-4 o} C ^-1

[wpdm_package id='698′]

1. Ịgbanwe nha okpomọkụ
2. Mgbasawanye ahịrị
3. Mgbasawanye mpaghara
4. Mgbasawanye olu
5. okpomọkụ
6. Ihe nhata igwe nke okpomọkụ
7. Ike okpomọkụ na okpomọkụ kpọmkwem
8. Okpomọkụ zoro ezo, okpomọkụ nke njikọta, okpomọkụ nke vaporization
9. Nchekwa ike maka nnyefe okpomọkụ

GỤKWUO