1. Ogologo anya nke enyo convex bụ 10 cm, anya ihe ahụ dịkwa 20 cm. Chọpụta (a) anya onyonyo ahụ (b) mmụba nke onyonyo ahụ
A maara:
Ogologo anya (f) = -10 cm
Akara mwepu na-egosi na isi ihe dị na enyo convex bụ mebere emebere
Anya ihe ( d o ) = 20 cm
Ngwọta:
Nhazi onyonyo site na enyo concave:
Ogologo onyonyo (d i ):
1/ d i = 1/f – 1/ d o = -1/10 – 1/20 = -2/20 – 1/20 = -3/20
d i = -20/3 = -6.7 cm
Akara mwepu ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ bụ nke mebere emebere.
Ịbawanye onyonyo:
m = – d i / d o = -(-6.7)/20 = 6.7/20 = 0.3
m = obere oge 0,3 karịa ihe ahụ.
Ihe nrịbama agbakwunyere na-egosi na onyinyo ahụ dị elu.
[irp]
2. A na-etinye ihe dị sentimita iri n'ogologo n'ihu enyo convex nke nwere ogologo focal nke sentimita iri abụọ. Chọpụta elu onyonyo ahụ ma ọ bụrụ na anya ihe ahụ bụ (a) 10 cm (b) 30 cm (c) 40 cm (d) 50 cm
A maara:
Ogologo anya nke enyo convex (f) = -20 cm
Akara mwepu na-egosi na isi ihe a na-elekwasị anya bụ mebere emebe.
Oke nke mgbagọ ( r ) = 2 f = 2(20) = 40 cm
Ogologo ihe ahụ (h) = 10 cm
Ngwọta:
a) ogologo lekwasị anya (f) = -20 cm na anya ihe (d o ) = 10 cm
Ogologo onyonyo (d i ) :
1/ d i = 1/f – 1/ d o = -1/20 – 1/10 = -1/20 – 2/20 = -3/20
d i = -20/3 = -6.7
Akara mwepu ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ bụ nke mebere emebe maọbụ onyonyo ahụ dị n'azụ enyo ahụ.
Ịbawanye onyonyo ( m ):
m = – d i / d o = -(-6.7)/10 = 6.7/10 = 0.67
Ihe nrịbama mgbakwunye ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ kwụ ọtọ.
Foto ahụ pere mpe karịa ihe ahụ 0.67.
Ogologo onyonyo (h i ):
m = h i / h o
h i = h o m = (10 cm)(0.67) = 6.7 cm
b) ogologo lekwasị anya (f) = -20 cm na anya ihe ( d o ) = 30 cm
Ogologo onyonyo ( di i ):
1/ d i = 1/f – 1/ d o = -1/20 – 1/30 = -3/60 – 2/60 = -5/60
d i = -60/5 = -12
Akara mwepu ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ bụ nke mebere emebe maọbụ onyonyo ahụ dị n'azụ enyo ahụ.
Ịbawanye onyonyo ( m ):
m = – d i / d o = -(-12)/30 = 12/30 = 0.4
Ihe nrịbama mgbakwunye ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ kwụ ọtọ.
Foto ahụ pere mpe karịa ihe ahụ ugboro 0,4.
Ogologo onyonyo (h i ):
m = h i / h o
h i = h o m = (10 cm)(0.4) = 4 cm
c) Ogologo anya (f) = -20 cm na anya ihe ( d o ) = 40 cm
Ogologo onyonyo ( di i ):
1/ d i = 1/f – 1/ d o = -1/20 – 1/40 = -2/40 – 1/40 = -3/40
d i = -40/3 = -13.3
Akara mwepu ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ bụ nke mebere emebe maọbụ onyonyo ahụ dị n'azụ enyo convex.
Ịbawanye onyonyo ( m ):
m = – d i / d o = -(-13.3)/40 = 13.3/40 = 0.3
Ihe nrịbama mgbakwunye ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ kwụ ọtọ.
Foto ahụ pere mpe karịa ihe ahụ 0.3.
Ogologo onyonyo ( hi ) :
m = h i / h o
h i = h o m = (10 cm)(0.3) = 3 cm
d) Ogologo anya (f) = -20 cm na anya ihe ( d o ) = 50 cm
Ogologo onyonyo ( di i ):
1/ d i = 1/f – 1/ d o = -1/20 – 1/50 = -5/100 – 2/100 = -7/100
d i = -100/7 = -14.3
Akara mwepu ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ bụ nke mebere emebe maọbụ onyonyo ahụ dị n'azụ enyo convex.
Ịbawanye onyonyo ( m ):
m = – d i / d o = -(-14.3)/50 = 14.3/50 = 0.3
Ihe nrịbama mgbakwunye ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ kwụ ọtọ.
Foto ahụ pere mpe karịa ihe ahụ 0.3.
Ogologo onyonyo (h i ) :
m = h i / h o
h i = h o m = (10 cm)(0.3) = 3 cm
[irp]
3. Ihe dị n'elu ihe ahụ dị sentimita iri abụọ n'ihu enyo convex . Ọ bụrụ na elu ihe ahụ dị okpukpu iri na ise karịa elu ihe ahụ, chọpụta ( a) ogologo ihe ahụ b) ogologo ihe ahụ c) njirimara nke ihe ahụ
A maara:
Anya ihe ( d o ) = 20 cm
Ogologo onyonyo (h i ) = 1/5 awa = 0.2 awa
Ogologo ihe ahụ (h) = h
Ngwọta:
a) anya onyonyo ( d i )
Usoro nke ibuli onyonyo elu :
m = h i / h o = 0.2h / h = 0.2
Ihe nrịbama mgbakwunye ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ kwụ ọtọ.
Foto ahụ pere mpe karịa ihe ahụ 0.2.
Ogologo onyonyo ( di i ):
– d i = md o
d i = – m d o = -(0.2)(20 cm) = -4 cm
Akara mwepu ahụ na-egosi na onyonyo ahụ bụ nke mebere emebe maọbụ onyonyo ahụ dị n'azụ enyo convex.
b) Ogologo anya ( f)
Ogologo lekwasị anya (f):
1/f = 1/ d o + 1/ d i = 1/20 – 1/4 = 1/20 – 5/20 = -4/20
f = -20/4 = -5 cm
Akara mwepu na-egosi na isi ihe a na-elekwasị anya bụ nke mebere emebere.
c) Njirimara nke onyonyo a:
– Kwụ ọtọ
- Obere
- mebere emebere
4. Ọ bụrụ na ìhè ada, enyo convex nke dị n'akụkụ axis ga-apụta ìhè….
A. gaa n'ebe enyo ahụ dị nke ọma
B. dịka site na isi ihe enyo ahụ si dị
C. site n'etiti mgbagọ nke enyo ahụ
D. kwụ ọtọ n'akụkụ enyo ahụ
ngwọta
A kọwara nsogbu ahụ na foto dị n'okpuru.
Azịza ya ziri ezi bụ B.
5. Onye na-agba ígwè na-ahụ onyinyo ọgba tum tum n'azụ ya okpukpu 1/6 nke nha mbụ ya mgbe anya dị n'etiti onye na-agba ígwè na ọgba tum tum dị mita 30. Chọpụta radius nke mgbagọ nke enyo azụ…
A. 7.14m
B. 8.57m
C. 12.00m
D. 24.00 mita
A maara:
Mmụba nke onyonyo (M) = ugboro 1/6
Anya ihe (d) = mita 30
Achọrọ: radius nke mgbagọ nke enyo azụ (R)
Ngwọta:
Gbakọọ anya nke onyonyo ahụ (d')
Ebe ọ bụ na a maara mmụba nke onyonyo (M) na anya ihe (s) ahụ, enwere ike ịmata anya onyonyo site na iji usoro nke mmụba onyonyo:
Ihe ịrịba ama na-adịghị mma pụtara na onyonyo ahụ bụ nke mebere emebere. Foto ahụ dị mita ise n'azụ enyo convex.
Gbakọọ ogologo lekwasị anya (f)
Ebe ọ bụ na anya ihe (d) na anya onyonyo (d'), enwere ike ịgbakọ ogologo lekwasị anya site na iji usoro nke enyo ahụ:
Oke nke mgbagọ (R)
Ogologo enyo convex dị okpukpu abụọ karịa ogologo enyo convex.
R = 2 f = 2 (mita 6) = mita 12
Ogologo nke enyo convex ahụ dị mita iri na abụọ.
Azịza ya ziri ezi bụ C.
6. A na-ahọrọ enyo convex dị ka enyo anya azụ nke ọgba tum tum n'ihi na ihe oyiyi nke enyo ahụ mepụtara bụ…
A. ezigbo, kwụ ọtọ, ebelatala
B. ezigbo, kwụ ọtọ, amụbawanye
C. mebere emebe, kwụ ọtọ, ebelatara
D. mebere emebe, kwụ ọtọ, amụbawanye
Ngwọta:
Dabere na ihe osise abụọ dị n'elu, enwere ike ikwubi na njirimara nke onyonyo a bụ mebere emebere, kwụ ọtọ, ebelatala.
Azịza ya ziri ezi bụ C.
7. Ihe dị sentimita iri na abụọ n'ihu enyo convex nke nwere radius nke sentimita isii. Njirimara nke onyonyo a bụ…
A. ezigbo, a tụgharịrị ya n'ebe dị anya nke 12 cm
B. ezigbo, kwụ ọtọ n'ebe dị anya nke 4 cm
C. mebere emebe, kwụ ọtọ n'ebe dị anya nke 2.4 cm
D. mebere emebere, agbagọgharịrị n'ebe dị anya nke 6 cm
A maara:
Anya ihe (d) = 12 cm
Redius nke enyo convex (r) = 6 cm.
Ogologo anya nke enyo convex (f) = 6 cm / 2 = -3 cm
Ogologo anya nke enyo convex bụ ihe e dere na-adịghị mma n'ihi na ọ bụ mebere emebe. Mebere emebe n'ihi na ìhè anaghị agafe ya.
Achọtara: Njirimara nke onyonyo
Ngwọta:
Anya nke onyonyo (d'):
1/d' = 1/f – 1/d = -1/3 – 1/12 = -4/12 – 1/12 = -5/12
d' = -12/5 = -2.4 cm
Anya onyonyo ahụ e tinyere aka na ya na-adịghị mma pụtara na onyonyo ahụ bụ nke mebere emebere.
Ịbawanye onyonyo (m):
m = -d' / d = -(-2.4) / 12 = 2.4 / 12 = ugboro 0.2
Mmụba nke onyonyo e tinyere aka na ya pụtara na onyonyo ahụ kwụ ọtọ na mmụba nke onyonyo ahụ bụ 0.2 pụtara na nha onyonyo ahụ pere mpe karịa nha ihe ahụ (ebelatara).
Azịza ya ziri ezi bụ C.
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