Cov Cheebtsam Ntshav Hauv Kev Thauj Cov Tshuaj
Ntshav yog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm tib neeg lub cev, thauj ntau yam khoom tseem ceeb thoob plaws lub cev. Yog tsis muaj txoj kev thauj mus los no, cov kabmob thiab cov nqaij yuav tsis tau txais cov as-ham thiab oxygen uas lawv xav tau kom ua haujlwm tau zoo. Ntxiv mus, ntshav ua lub luag haujlwm hauv kev tshem tawm cov khoom pov tseg ntawm cov metabolism hauv lub cev thiab pab lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tawm tsam kev kis kab mob. Tsab xov xwm no yuav tham txog plaub yam tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntshav - plasma, cov qe ntshav liab, cov qe ntshav dawb, thiab platelets - thiab lawv lub luag haujlwm hauv kev thauj cov tshuaj.
1. Plasma: Kua Thauj Khoom Nruab Nrab
Cov ntshav hauv cov ntshav muaj li ntawm 55% ntawm tag nrho cov ntshav thiab ua lub hauv paus tseem ceeb rau kev thauj ntau yam tshuaj. Cov kua dej no yog 90% dej, thiab 10% seem yog cov tshuaj yaj xws li cov protein, cov minerals, cov tshuaj hormones, thiab cov as-ham.
Lub Luag Haujlwm ntawm Plasma hauv Kev Thauj Mus Los:
– Kev Noj Haus: Cov plasma nqa cov as-ham los ntawm lub cev zom zaub mov mus rau lub cev cov hlwb. Cov as-ham no suav nrog glucose, vitamins, thiab amino acids uas nqus tau los ntawm cov khoom noj.
- Cov Tshuaj Hormones: Plasma thauj cov tshuaj hormones los ntawm cov qog endocrine mus rau cov kab mob uas xav tau, pab txhawb kev sib txuas lus thiab kev tswj hwm ntawm ntau yam haujlwm ntawm lub cev.
- Cov Khoom Pov Tseg: Plasma kuj tseem ua haujlwm hauv kev thauj cov khoom pov tseg hauv lub cev, xws li carbon dioxide thiab urea, mus rau cov kab mob excretory xws li lub ntsws thiab lub raum.
2. Cov Qog Ntshav Liab: Cov Neeg Nqa Cov Pa oxygen
Cov qe ntshav liab los yog erythrocytes yog cov qe ntshav uas muaj ntau tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv cov ntshav thiab muaj lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm kev thauj cov pa oxygen los ntawm lub ntsws mus rau cov nqaij ntawm lub cev, nrog rau xa cov pa roj carbon dioxide rov qab mus rau lub ntsws kom raug ntiab tawm ntawm lub cev.
Cheebtsam Tseem Ceeb: Hemoglobin
– Cov Qauv thiab Kev Ua Haujlwm: Hemoglobin yog ib qho protein nyob rau hauv cov qe ntshav liab uas yog lub luag haujlwm rau kev khi cov pa oxygen. Txhua lub hemoglobin molecule tuaj yeem khi txog plaub lub oxygen molecule.
– Kev Thauj Cov Pa oxygen: Thaum cov ntshav liab hla dhau cov hlab ntsha hauv lub ntsws, hemoglobin khi cov pa oxygen thiab nqa mus rau cov cell hauv lub cev. Thaum nws mus txog cov nqaij hauv lub cev, cov pa oxygen raug tso tawm los siv rau hauv kev ua pa ntawm cov cell.
Kev Tswjfwm thiab Kev Tsim Khoom:
– Erythropoiesis: Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev tsim cov qe ntshav liab, uas yog tswj hwm los ntawm cov tshuaj hormone erythropoietin uas tsim los ntawm lub raum.
– Lub Neej Ua Haujlwm: Cov qe ntshav liab muaj lub neej ua haujlwm li ntawm 120 hnub, tom qab ntawd lawv raug rhuav tshem thiab rov ua dua tshiab hauv lub hlwb.
3. Cov Qog Ntshav Dawb: Cov Khoom Tiv Thaiv thiab Cov Khoom Thauj Mus Los
Cov qe ntshav dawb, lossis cov qe ntshav dawb, ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab yog lub luag haujlwm los tiv thaiv lub cev ntawm kev kis kab mob thiab kab mob. Muaj ntau hom qe ntshav dawb, suav nrog neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, thiab basophils, txhua tus muaj lub luag haujlwm tshwj xeeb.
Lub Luag Haujlwm hauv Kev Paub thiab Kev Thauj Cov Khoom Txawv Tebchaws:
– Phagocytosis: Qee hom qe ntshav dawb, xws li neutrophils thiab monocytes, muaj peev xwm nqos cov kab mob thiab cov kab mob (phagocytosis), tshem tawm cov kab mob sib kis ntawm lub cev.
– Kev Thauj Cov Tshuaj Antibodies thiab Hormones: Cov qe ntshav dawb kuj pab thauj cov tshuaj antibodies, uas yog tsim los ntawm B lymphocytes, nrog rau cov tshuaj uas tswj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob.
4. Cov Platelets: Cov Khoom Tiv Thaiv Qhov Xaus
Cov platelets lossis cov ntshav platelets muaj lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv cov txheej txheem ntshav txhaws, uas tiv thaiv kev poob ntshav ntau dhau thaum cov hlab ntsha raug mob.
Txoj Kev Thauj Mus Los:
– Kev Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob: Thaum cov hlab ntsha raug mob, cov ntshav platelets txav mus rau qhov chaw raug mob thiab tsim ib lub qhov ntsaws ib ntus ua thawj kauj ruam hauv kev tiv thaiv kab mob.
- Kev Thauj Cov Yam Uas Ua Rau Ntshav Txhaws: Cov platelets tso tawm cov tshuaj uas ua rau cov ntshav txhaws ntxiv los tsim kom muaj cov fibrin network muaj zog thiab kaw qhov txhab.
Ntshav thiab Homeostasis Sib Npaug
Qhov sib npaug ntawm tag nrho cov khoom xyaw ntawm cov ntshav no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev, lossis homeostasis. Qhov tsis zoo ntawm qhov ntau lossis kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom xyaw ntawm cov ntshav no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kab mob loj lossis mob nkeeg, xws li anemia (qee cov qe ntshav liab tsawg dua), leukopenia (qee cov qe ntshav dawb tsawg dua), lossis thrombocytopenia (qee cov platelets tsawg dua).
Qhov Tseem Ceeb ntawm Kev Kuaj Ntshav:
Kev kuaj ntshav yog ib qho cuab yeej tseem ceeb rau kev kuaj mob thiab saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv thiab nrhiav kev mob ntsig txog ntshav. Cov qauv ntshav tuaj yeem tshuaj xyuas ntau yam, xws li cov ntshav hemoglobin, cov ntshav dawb, cov ntshav qab zib, thiab ntau lwm yam, los muab ib daim duab ntawm kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub cev.
Xaus
Ntshav yog ib yam ntshav uas muaj sia nyob uas nqa ntau yam tseem ceeb thiab ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev, txij li kev thauj cov pa oxygen thiab cov as-ham mus rau kev tiv thaiv kab mob. Los ntawm kev nkag siab txog lub luag haujlwm ntawm txhua yam khoom ntawm cov ntshav hauv kev thauj cov khoom tseem ceeb, peb tuaj yeem nkag siab zoo dua txog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj hwm lub cev kom noj qab haus huv thiab nws cov txiaj ntsig rau kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho. Kev xyaum ua neej noj qab haus huv, suav nrog kev noj zaub mov kom sib npaug thiab kev tawm dag zog tsis tu ncua, tuaj yeem pab tswj hwm kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov ntshav kom zoo.
