Cov Lus Nug Piv Txwv Sib Tham Txog Feem Pua ntawm Kev Huv Si
Feem pua ntawm kev dawb huv, lossis qib kev dawb huv ntawm ib yam khoom, yog ib qho tseem ceeb hauv ntau ceg ntawm kev tshawb fawb, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kev tshuaj xyuas, tshuaj, thiab kev lag luam chemistry. Tsab xov xwm no yuav tham txog lub tswv yim ntawm feem pua kev dawb huv thiab muab cov piv txwv nrog cov lus piav qhia kom cov nyeem ntawv nkag siab zoo dua yuav ua li cas xam thiab siv lub tswv yim no hauv ntau qhov xwm txheej.
Nkag Siab Txog Feem Pua ntawm Kev Huv Si
Feem pua ntawm kev huv qhia txog qib kev huv ntawm cov khoom uas suav ua feem pua ntawm qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom huv hauv cov qauv. Feem pua ntawm kev huv tuaj yeem qhia tau hauv cov qauv hauv qab no:
\[ \text{Feem pua ntawm Kev Huv Si} = \left( \frac{\text{Qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom ntshiab}}{\text{Qhov hnyav ntawm cov qauv}} \right) \times 100\% \]
Qhov twg:
- Qhov hnyav ntawm ib yam khoom ntshiab yog qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom uas yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab qhov huv.
- Qhov hnyav ntawm cov qauv yog qhov hnyav tag nrho ntawm cov qauv uas muaj cov tshuaj ntshiab thiab lawv cov khoom tsis huv.
Qhov Tseem Ceeb ntawm Feem Pua ntawm Kev Huv Si
Feem pua ntawm kev huv yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau ntau yam kev tshawb fawb thiab kev siv. Hauv kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas tshuaj, qhov huv ntawm cov tshuaj reagent tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev sim. Hauv kev lag luam tshuaj, qhov huv ntawm cov khoom siv raw rau cov tshuaj yuav tsum tau lees paub kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua tau zoo ntawm cov khoom kawg. Hauv lwm cov haujlwm, xws li hlau thiab roj tsim, kev huv cuam tshuam rau qhov zoo ntawm cov khoom thiab kev ua tau zoo.
Piv txwv ntawm Cov Lus Nug Taw Qhia
Cia peb pib nrog ib qho piv txwv yooj yim ua ntej txav mus rau cov teeb meem nyuaj dua.
Piv txwv lus nug 1:
Ib qho qauv txhuas muaj qhov hnyav ntawm 10 grams. Kev tshuaj xyuas qhia tau hais tias qhov hnyav ntawm cov txhuas ntshiab hauv cov qauv yog 9.5 grams. Qhov feem pua ntawm cov khoom no yog dab tsi?
Kev Sib Tham:
Nws paub tias:
– Qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom ntshiab = 9.5 grams
– Qhov hnyav ntawm cov qauv = 10 grams
\[ \text{Feem pua ntawm Kev Huv Huv} = \left( \frac{9.5 \text{ gram}}}{10 \text{ gram}} \right) \times 100\% \]
\[ \text{Feem pua ntawm Kev Huv Si} = \sab laug (0.95 \sab xis) \times 100\% \]
\[ \text{Feem pua ntawm Kev Huv Si} = 95\% \]
Yog li, qhov feem pua ntawm kev ntshiab ntawm cov qauv txhuas yog 95%.
Piv txwv txog teeb meem nyuaj
Piv txwv lus nug 2:
Koj muaj ib qho qauv calcium carbonate (\(\text{CaCO}_3\) 150 gram). Kev tshuaj xyuas qhia tau tias muaj cov tshuaj lom hauv daim ntawv ntawm magnesium carbonate (\(\text{MgCO}_3\)) uas muaj li 10 gram. Xam qhov feem pua ntawm cov calcium carbonate huv si hauv cov qauv.
Kev Sib Tham:
Nws paub tias:
– Qhov hnyav ntawm cov qauv = 150 grams
– Qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom ua qias tuaj (\(\text{MgCO}_3\)) = 10 grams
Yog li, qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom ntshiab (\(\text{CaCO}_3\)) tuaj yeem suav tau li:
\[ \text{Qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom ntshiab} = \text{Qhov hnyav ntawm cov qauv} - \text{Qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom paug} \]
\[ \text{Qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom ntshiab} = 150 \text{ grams} – 10 \text{ grams} \]
\[ \text{Qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom ntshiab} = 140 \text{ grams} \]
Tom ntej no, xam qhov feem pua ntawm kev huv:
\[ \text{Feem pua ntawm Kev Huv Huv} = \left( \frac{140 \text{ gram}}}{150 \text{ gram}} \right) \times 100\% \]
\[ \text{Feem pua ntawm Kev Huv Si} = \sab laug (0.9333 \sab xis) \times 100\% \]
\[ \text{Feem pua ntawm Kev Huv Si} \kwv yees li 93.33\% \]
Yog li, feem pua ntawm kev ntshiab ntawm calcium carbonate hauv cov qauv yog li 93.33%.
Piv txwv ntawm Cov Lus Nug Txog Daim Ntawv Thov hauv Kev Lag Luam
Piv txwv lus nug 3:
Ib lub tuam txhab tshuaj tsim tau 200 kg ntawm cov tshuaj uas muaj 98% huv. Thaum lub sijhawm ntim khoom, 5 kg ntawm cov tshuaj raug ua qias tuaj. Qhov feem pua ntawm cov tshuaj tom qab ua qias tuaj yog dab tsi?
Kev Sib Tham:
Nws paub tias:
– Qhov hnyav pib ntawm cov tshuaj = 200 kg
- Feem pua ntawm kev huv huv thawj zaug = 98%
– Qhov hnyav pib ntawm cov khoom ntshiab = \(\frac{98}{100} \times 200 \text{ kg} = 196 \text{ kg}\)
– Qhov hnyav ntxiv ntawm cov kuab paug = 5 kg
– Tag nrho qhov hnyav ntawm cov qauv tom qab muaj kuab paug = 200 kg + 5 kg = 205 kg
Qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom ntshiab tsis hloov pauv (196 kg), yog li feem pua ntawm kev huv tom qab kev ua qias tuaj yog:
\[ \text{Feem pua ntawm Kev Huv Si} = \left( \frac{196 \text{ kg}}}{205 \text{ kg}} \right) \times 100\% \]
\[ \text{Feem pua ntawm Kev Huv Si} \kwv yees li 95.61\% \]
Yog li, feem pua ntawm kev ntshiab ntawm cov tshuaj tom qab muaj kuab paug yog nyob ib puag ncig 95.61%.
Cov Lus Nug Piv Txwv Txog Kev Siv Tshuaj Lom Zem
Piv txwv lus nug 4:
Hauv kev tshuaj xyuas tshuaj lom neeg ntawm cov kua, nws paub tias muaj 2.5 grams ntawm cov khoom ntshiab hauv tag nrho 3 liv ntawm cov kua. Yog tias qhov ceev ntawm cov kua yog 1.2 g / mL, qhov feem pua ntawm cov khoom ntshiab hauv cov kua yog dab tsi?
Kev Sib Tham:
Nws paub tias:
– Qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom ntshiab = 2.5 grams
– Qhov ntim ntawm cov tshuaj = 3 liv = 3000 mL
– Qhov ceev ntawm cov tshuaj = 1.2 g/mL
Siv qhov ceev kom nrhiav tau tag nrho cov pawg ntawm cov tshuaj:
\[ \text{Qhov hnyav ntawm cov qauv} = \text{Qhov ntim ntawm cov tshuaj} \times \text{Qhov ceev} \]
Qhov hnyav ntawm cov qauv = 3000 mL = 1.2 g/mL
\[ \text{Qhov hnyav ntawm cov qauv} = 3600 \text{ grams} \]
Tom qab ntawd, xam qhov feem pua ntawm kev huv:
\[ \text{Feem pua ntawm Kev Huv Huv} = \left( \frac{2.5 \text{ gram}}}{3600 \text{ gram}} \right) \times 100\% \]
\[ \text{Feem pua ntawm Kev Huv Si} \kwv yees li 0.0694\% \]
Yog li, qhov feem pua ntawm kev ntshiab ntawm cov tshuaj hauv cov tshuaj yog li 0.0694%.
Kev kaw
Kev suav qhov feem pua ntawm kev huv yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev tswj xyuas zoo thiab kev tshuaj xyuas tshuaj lom neeg. Kev nkag siab zoo txog lub tswv yim no tso cai rau cov kws tshaj lij hauv ntau qhov chaw kom ntseeg tau tias qhov zoo thiab kev sib xws ntawm cov khoom lossis cov ntaub ntawv uas lawv ua haujlwm nrog. Tsab xov xwm no tau nthuav tawm ntau qhov teeb meem piv txwv uas vam tias yuav pab cov neeg nyeem ntawv nkag siab tob txog yuav ua li cas siv lub tswv yim ntawm feem pua ntawm kev huv hauv ntau qhov xwm txheej.
